Rural Nonfarm Activity Income Diversification Among Smallholder Farmers in Deber Elias Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Mezegbu Aynalem; Habtamu Mossie; Mohammed Adem

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15

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Rural Nonfarm Activity Income Diversification Among Smallholder Farmers in Deber Elias Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Mezegbu Aynalem, Habtamu Mossie, Mohammed Adem

Published in American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics (Volume 4, Issue 2)

Received: 14 March 2019 Accepted: 11 June 2019 Published: 12 July 2019

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Abstract

This research was carried out with the aim examining and understanding the different nonfarm diversification strategies pursued by households in Deber Elias Woreda. A multi stage sampling procedure was employed to select 120 households. First the Woreda Kebeles are stratified in to three categories based on the agro ecology. From each stratum, three sample target kebeles and respective villages selected for primary or secondary data collection. Descriptive statistics and binary logit model were used. Narration was used to analyze the qualitative data. The income portfolio analysis revealed that agriculture is the main livelihood activity in the study area contributing 86.9% and nonfarm activity income which accounts for 5.7% the remaining 2.3% share of the total income. Only 40.8% of the sample respondents participate in nonfarm diversification activities. Regarding the participants in diverse nonfarm activities in the study area female-headed households diversified more than male-headed households, better offs diversified more than poor, educated households diversified better than illiterates and households with large number of family members more diversified than those with small household size. The binary logit model result for determinants of nonfarm activity diversification reveals that sex of household head, educational status of household head, credit access; landholdings of households and household size were statistically significant. Finally, this thesis indicates the important policy implications suggesting that programs, projects and/or any interventions designed targeting to engage people in other income generating activities in Debre Elias woreda.

Published in	American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15
Page(s)	84-91
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Diversification, Income, Nonfarm Activity, Non-participants and Participants

References

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APA Style

Mezegbu Aynalem, Habtamu Mossie, Mohammed Adem. (2019). Rural Nonfarm Activity Income Diversification Among Smallholder Farmers in Deber Elias Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics, 4(2), 84-91. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15

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ACS Style

Mezegbu Aynalem; Habtamu Mossie; Mohammed Adem. Rural Nonfarm Activity Income Diversification Among Smallholder Farmers in Deber Elias Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Am. J. Environ. Resour. Econ. 2019, 4(2), 84-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15

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AMA Style

Mezegbu Aynalem, Habtamu Mossie, Mohammed Adem. Rural Nonfarm Activity Income Diversification Among Smallholder Farmers in Deber Elias Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Am J Environ Resour Econ. 2019;4(2):84-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15,
  author = {Mezegbu Aynalem and Habtamu Mossie and Mohammed Adem},
  title = {Rural Nonfarm Activity Income Diversification Among Smallholder Farmers in Deber Elias Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {84-91},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajere.20190402.15},
  abstract = {This research was carried out with the aim examining and understanding the different nonfarm diversification strategies pursued by households in Deber Elias Woreda. A multi stage sampling procedure was employed to select 120 households. First the Woreda Kebeles are stratified in to three categories based on the agro ecology. From each stratum, three sample target kebeles and respective villages selected for primary or secondary data collection. Descriptive statistics and binary logit model were used. Narration was used to analyze the qualitative data. The income portfolio analysis revealed that agriculture is the main livelihood activity in the study area contributing 86.9% and nonfarm activity income which accounts for 5.7% the remaining 2.3% share of the total income. Only 40.8% of the sample respondents participate in nonfarm diversification activities. Regarding the participants in diverse nonfarm activities in the study area female-headed households diversified more than male-headed households, better offs diversified more than poor, educated households diversified better than illiterates and households with large number of family members more diversified than those with small household size. The binary logit model result for determinants of nonfarm activity diversification reveals that sex of household head, educational status of household head, credit access; landholdings of households and household size were statistically significant. Finally, this thesis indicates the important policy implications suggesting that programs, projects and/or any interventions designed targeting to engage people in other income generating activities in Debre Elias woreda.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rural Nonfarm Activity Income Diversification Among Smallholder Farmers in Deber Elias Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
AU  - Mezegbu Aynalem
AU  - Habtamu Mossie
AU  - Mohammed Adem
Y1  - 2019/07/12
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15
T2  - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics
JF  - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics
JO  - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics
SP  - 84
EP  - 91
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-787X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15
AB  - This research was carried out with the aim examining and understanding the different nonfarm diversification strategies pursued by households in Deber Elias Woreda. A multi stage sampling procedure was employed to select 120 households. First the Woreda Kebeles are stratified in to three categories based on the agro ecology. From each stratum, three sample target kebeles and respective villages selected for primary or secondary data collection. Descriptive statistics and binary logit model were used. Narration was used to analyze the qualitative data. The income portfolio analysis revealed that agriculture is the main livelihood activity in the study area contributing 86.9% and nonfarm activity income which accounts for 5.7% the remaining 2.3% share of the total income. Only 40.8% of the sample respondents participate in nonfarm diversification activities. Regarding the participants in diverse nonfarm activities in the study area female-headed households diversified more than male-headed households, better offs diversified more than poor, educated households diversified better than illiterates and households with large number of family members more diversified than those with small household size. The binary logit model result for determinants of nonfarm activity diversification reveals that sex of household head, educational status of household head, credit access; landholdings of households and household size were statistically significant. Finally, this thesis indicates the important policy implications suggesting that programs, projects and/or any interventions designed targeting to engage people in other income generating activities in Debre Elias woreda.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Mezegbu Aynalem

Department of Agree Business and Value Chain Management, Debermarkos University Burie, Campaus, DebreMarkos, Ethieopia
Habtamu Mossie

Department of Agricultural Economics, Wolikte University College of Agriculture and Natural, Wolikte, Ethiopia
Mohammed Adem

Department of Economics, College of Business and Economics, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia

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Mezegbu Aynalem, Habtamu Mossie, Mohammed Adem. (2019). Rural Nonfarm Activity Income Diversification Among Smallholder Farmers in Deber Elias Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics, 4(2), 84-91. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15

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ACS Style

Mezegbu Aynalem; Habtamu Mossie; Mohammed Adem. Rural Nonfarm Activity Income Diversification Among Smallholder Farmers in Deber Elias Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Am. J. Environ. Resour. Econ. 2019, 4(2), 84-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15

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AMA Style

Mezegbu Aynalem, Habtamu Mossie, Mohammed Adem. Rural Nonfarm Activity Income Diversification Among Smallholder Farmers in Deber Elias Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Am J Environ Resour Econ. 2019;4(2):84-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15,
  author = {Mezegbu Aynalem and Habtamu Mossie and Mohammed Adem},
  title = {Rural Nonfarm Activity Income Diversification Among Smallholder Farmers in Deber Elias Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {84-91},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajere.20190402.15},
  abstract = {This research was carried out with the aim examining and understanding the different nonfarm diversification strategies pursued by households in Deber Elias Woreda. A multi stage sampling procedure was employed to select 120 households. First the Woreda Kebeles are stratified in to three categories based on the agro ecology. From each stratum, three sample target kebeles and respective villages selected for primary or secondary data collection. Descriptive statistics and binary logit model were used. Narration was used to analyze the qualitative data. The income portfolio analysis revealed that agriculture is the main livelihood activity in the study area contributing 86.9% and nonfarm activity income which accounts for 5.7% the remaining 2.3% share of the total income. Only 40.8% of the sample respondents participate in nonfarm diversification activities. Regarding the participants in diverse nonfarm activities in the study area female-headed households diversified more than male-headed households, better offs diversified more than poor, educated households diversified better than illiterates and households with large number of family members more diversified than those with small household size. The binary logit model result for determinants of nonfarm activity diversification reveals that sex of household head, educational status of household head, credit access; landholdings of households and household size were statistically significant. Finally, this thesis indicates the important policy implications suggesting that programs, projects and/or any interventions designed targeting to engage people in other income generating activities in Debre Elias woreda.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rural Nonfarm Activity Income Diversification Among Smallholder Farmers in Deber Elias Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
AU  - Mezegbu Aynalem
AU  - Habtamu Mossie
AU  - Mohammed Adem
Y1  - 2019/07/12
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15
T2  - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics
JF  - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics
JO  - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics
SP  - 84
EP  - 91
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-787X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.15
AB  - This research was carried out with the aim examining and understanding the different nonfarm diversification strategies pursued by households in Deber Elias Woreda. A multi stage sampling procedure was employed to select 120 households. First the Woreda Kebeles are stratified in to three categories based on the agro ecology. From each stratum, three sample target kebeles and respective villages selected for primary or secondary data collection. Descriptive statistics and binary logit model were used. Narration was used to analyze the qualitative data. The income portfolio analysis revealed that agriculture is the main livelihood activity in the study area contributing 86.9% and nonfarm activity income which accounts for 5.7% the remaining 2.3% share of the total income. Only 40.8% of the sample respondents participate in nonfarm diversification activities. Regarding the participants in diverse nonfarm activities in the study area female-headed households diversified more than male-headed households, better offs diversified more than poor, educated households diversified better than illiterates and households with large number of family members more diversified than those with small household size. The binary logit model result for determinants of nonfarm activity diversification reveals that sex of household head, educational status of household head, credit access; landholdings of households and household size were statistically significant. Finally, this thesis indicates the important policy implications suggesting that programs, projects and/or any interventions designed targeting to engage people in other income generating activities in Debre Elias woreda.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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