Childhood Pneumonia: Prevalence and Associated Factors as Seen at a Tertiary Health Institution in Southeast Nigeria

Chukwuemeka Ngozi Onyearugha; Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16

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Childhood Pneumonia: Prevalence and Associated Factors as Seen at a Tertiary Health Institution in Southeast Nigeria

Chukwuemeka Ngozi Onyearugha, Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo

Published in American Journal of Pediatrics (Volume 7, Issue 3)

Received: 25 June 2021 Accepted: 21 July 2021 Published: 24 July 2021

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Abstract

Background: Pneumonia has been reported to be a leading cause of mortality in children aged less than 5 years worldwide particularly in low resource nations. To achieve the Sustainable Developmental Goal (SDG) 3.2 which aims at reducing neonatal mortality and under five mortality, effective steps should be taken to stem the prevalence and mortality from childhood pneumonia. Aim: To determine the prevalence, monthly variations and mortality from pneumonia in children aged 1 month to 16 years at the department of Paediatrics of the Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective review of the medical records of children aged 1 month to 16 years, diagnosed with pneumonia, at the department of Paediatrics of the Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba. Relevant information were extracted from case files of qualified subjects and subsequently analyzed using SPSS version 24. Result: There was a total of 440 admissions out of which 74 had a diagnosis of pneumonia, giving a prevalence of 16.8%. Six of the cases had inadequate data and were discarded. Sixty eight (68) were used for subsequent analysis. Forty five (45) were males, while 23 were females, giving a male: female ratio of 1.8: 1. Approximately 88% of the cases occurred in children aged ≤ 5 years with 61.8% of the patients aged less than one year. The greatest monthly prevalence, 25%; was in January and February. Mortality rate was 4.4%. Conclusion: The prevalence of childhood pneumonia is high. Children below 5 years are very vulnerable. Effective steps to reduce childhood pneumonia will drastically reduce under-5 mortality and achieve SDG 3.2.

Published in	American Journal of Pediatrics (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16
Page(s)	121-125
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Childhood Pneumonia, Prevalence, Mortality, Aba, Nigeria

References

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APA Style

Chukwuemeka Ngozi Onyearugha, Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo. (2021). Childhood Pneumonia: Prevalence and Associated Factors as Seen at a Tertiary Health Institution in Southeast Nigeria. American Journal of Pediatrics, 7(3), 121-125. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16

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ACS Style

Chukwuemeka Ngozi Onyearugha; Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo. Childhood Pneumonia: Prevalence and Associated Factors as Seen at a Tertiary Health Institution in Southeast Nigeria. Am. J. Pediatr. 2021, 7(3), 121-125. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16

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AMA Style

Chukwuemeka Ngozi Onyearugha, Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo. Childhood Pneumonia: Prevalence and Associated Factors as Seen at a Tertiary Health Institution in Southeast Nigeria. Am J Pediatr. 2021;7(3):121-125. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16,
  author = {Chukwuemeka Ngozi Onyearugha and Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo},
  title = {Childhood Pneumonia: Prevalence and Associated Factors as Seen at a Tertiary Health Institution in Southeast Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Pediatrics},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {121-125},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajp.20210703.16},
  abstract = {Background: Pneumonia has been reported to be a leading cause of mortality in children aged less than 5 years worldwide particularly in low resource nations. To achieve the Sustainable Developmental Goal (SDG) 3.2 which aims at reducing neonatal mortality and under five mortality, effective steps should be taken to stem the prevalence and mortality from childhood pneumonia. Aim: To determine the prevalence, monthly variations and mortality from pneumonia in children aged 1 month to 16 years at the department of Paediatrics of the Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective review of the medical records of children aged 1 month to 16 years, diagnosed with pneumonia, at the department of Paediatrics of the Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba. Relevant information were extracted from case files of qualified subjects and subsequently analyzed using SPSS version 24. Result: There was a total of 440 admissions out of which 74 had a diagnosis of pneumonia, giving a prevalence of 16.8%. Six of the cases had inadequate data and were discarded. Sixty eight (68) were used for subsequent analysis. Forty five (45) were males, while 23 were females, giving a male: female ratio of 1.8: 1. Approximately 88% of the cases occurred in children aged ≤ 5 years with 61.8% of the patients aged less than one year. The greatest monthly prevalence, 25%; was in January and February. Mortality rate was 4.4%. Conclusion: The prevalence of childhood pneumonia is high. Children below 5 years are very vulnerable. Effective steps to reduce childhood pneumonia will drastically reduce under-5 mortality and achieve SDG 3.2.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Childhood Pneumonia: Prevalence and Associated Factors as Seen at a Tertiary Health Institution in Southeast Nigeria
AU - Chukwuemeka Ngozi Onyearugha
AU - Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo
Y1 - 2021/07/24
PY - 2021
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16
DO - 10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16
T2 - American Journal of Pediatrics
JF - American Journal of Pediatrics
JO - American Journal of Pediatrics
SP - 121
EP - 125
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2472-0909
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16
AB - Background: Pneumonia has been reported to be a leading cause of mortality in children aged less than 5 years worldwide particularly in low resource nations. To achieve the Sustainable Developmental Goal (SDG) 3.2 which aims at reducing neonatal mortality and under five mortality, effective steps should be taken to stem the prevalence and mortality from childhood pneumonia. Aim: To determine the prevalence, monthly variations and mortality from pneumonia in children aged 1 month to 16 years at the department of Paediatrics of the Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective review of the medical records of children aged 1 month to 16 years, diagnosed with pneumonia, at the department of Paediatrics of the Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba. Relevant information were extracted from case files of qualified subjects and subsequently analyzed using SPSS version 24. Result: There was a total of 440 admissions out of which 74 had a diagnosis of pneumonia, giving a prevalence of 16.8%. Six of the cases had inadequate data and were discarded. Sixty eight (68) were used for subsequent analysis. Forty five (45) were males, while 23 were females, giving a male: female ratio of 1.8: 1. Approximately 88% of the cases occurred in children aged ≤ 5 years with 61.8% of the patients aged less than one year. The greatest monthly prevalence, 25%; was in January and February. Mortality rate was 4.4%. Conclusion: The prevalence of childhood pneumonia is high. Children below 5 years are very vulnerable. Effective steps to reduce childhood pneumonia will drastically reduce under-5 mortality and achieve SDG 3.2.
VL - 7
IS - 3
ER -

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Author Information

Chukwuemeka Ngozi Onyearugha

Department of Paediatrics, Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba, Nigeria
Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo

Department of Paediatrics, Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba, Nigeria

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APA Style

Chukwuemeka Ngozi Onyearugha, Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo. (2021). Childhood Pneumonia: Prevalence and Associated Factors as Seen at a Tertiary Health Institution in Southeast Nigeria. American Journal of Pediatrics, 7(3), 121-125. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16

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ACS Style

Chukwuemeka Ngozi Onyearugha; Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo. Childhood Pneumonia: Prevalence and Associated Factors as Seen at a Tertiary Health Institution in Southeast Nigeria. Am. J. Pediatr. 2021, 7(3), 121-125. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16

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AMA Style

Chukwuemeka Ngozi Onyearugha, Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo. Childhood Pneumonia: Prevalence and Associated Factors as Seen at a Tertiary Health Institution in Southeast Nigeria. Am J Pediatr. 2021;7(3):121-125. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16,
  author = {Chukwuemeka Ngozi Onyearugha and Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo},
  title = {Childhood Pneumonia: Prevalence and Associated Factors as Seen at a Tertiary Health Institution in Southeast Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Pediatrics},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {121-125},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20210703.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajp.20210703.16},
  abstract = {Background: Pneumonia has been reported to be a leading cause of mortality in children aged less than 5 years worldwide particularly in low resource nations. To achieve the Sustainable Developmental Goal (SDG) 3.2 which aims at reducing neonatal mortality and under five mortality, effective steps should be taken to stem the prevalence and mortality from childhood pneumonia. Aim: To determine the prevalence, monthly variations and mortality from pneumonia in children aged 1 month to 16 years at the department of Paediatrics of the Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective review of the medical records of children aged 1 month to 16 years, diagnosed with pneumonia, at the department of Paediatrics of the Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba. Relevant information were extracted from case files of qualified subjects and subsequently analyzed using SPSS version 24. Result: There was a total of 440 admissions out of which 74 had a diagnosis of pneumonia, giving a prevalence of 16.8%. Six of the cases had inadequate data and were discarded. Sixty eight (68) were used for subsequent analysis. Forty five (45) were males, while 23 were females, giving a male: female ratio of 1.8: 1. Approximately 88% of the cases occurred in children aged ≤ 5 years with 61.8% of the patients aged less than one year. The greatest monthly prevalence, 25%; was in January and February. Mortality rate was 4.4%. Conclusion: The prevalence of childhood pneumonia is high. Children below 5 years are very vulnerable. Effective steps to reduce childhood pneumonia will drastically reduce under-5 mortality and achieve SDG 3.2.},
 year = {2021}
}

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