Research Article
Phenobarbitone Versus Levetiracetam: A Qualified Approach to Initial Neonatal Seizure Management
Mohammed Mahfuzur Rahman*,
Abid Hossain Mollah,
Md Saiful Islam,
Shaha Mohammad Abdullah Al Baki
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2025
Pages:
34-42
Received:
13 February 2025
Accepted:
25 February 2025
Published:
26 March 2025
Abstract: Background: Seizures in newborns are frequent throughout the first month of life and might affect their neurodevelopment. Despite its limited effectiveness and association with cognitive impairment in human subjects, phenobarbitone (PB) is presently the preferred anti-epileptic medication (AED). The use of intravenous levetiracetam to treat seizures in neonates is growing. We have designed a randomized control study using levetiracetam in the initial treatment of acute newborn seizures since there is currently inadequate information on the safety and effectiveness of intravenous levetiracetam in neonates. The objective of the research was to determine if levetiracetam is more applicable than phenobarbitone at reducing convulsions in acute newborn seizures. The procedure of the research was conducted as a randomized control trial. After meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 100 neonates, ages 0 to 28 days of any sex who were admitted to the special care baby unit (SCABU) of Dhaka Medical College Hospital and had a clinical presentation of neonatal seizures were randomly assigned to levetiracetam (Intervention Phenobarbitone; Control Group = 50). Seizures, the amount of time it took to be seizure-free, and the length of hospital stay were the outcome factors. Regular monitoring was conducted for 48 hours and continued until discharge or death. The outcome of the research was conducted as a randomized control trial. After meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 100 neonates, ages 0 to 28 days of any sex who were admitted to the special care baby unit (SCABU) of Dhaka Medical College Hospital and had a clinical presentation of neonatal seizures were randomly assigned to levetiracetam (Intervention Phenobarbitone; Control Group = 50). Seizures, the amount of time it took to be seizure-free, and the length of hospital stay were the outcome factors. Regular monitoring was conducted for 48 hours and continued until discharge or death. In conclusion, the study found that when used as a first-line antiepileptic medication to treat acute newborn seizures, levetiracetam dramatically reduces convulsions when compared to phenobarbitone. It was discovered that none of the therapy techniques had any negative effects.
Abstract: Background: Seizures in newborns are frequent throughout the first month of life and might affect their neurodevelopment. Despite its limited effectiveness and association with cognitive impairment in human subjects, phenobarbitone (PB) is presently the preferred anti-epileptic medication (AED). The use of intravenous levetiracetam to treat seizure...
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Case Report
Celiac Disease and GH Deficiency in Children: A Case Report
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2025
Pages:
43-48
Received:
6 March 2025
Accepted:
20 March 2025
Published:
10 April 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajp.20251102.12
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Abstract: Growth is a complex and multifactorial process influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. The regulation of growth involves a delicate balance of these factors, with hormones, such as growth hormone (GH), playing a pivotal role in the development of linear growth. Growth disorders, such as stunted growth, are common reasons for consultation in pediatric practices. However, diagnosing the cause of stunted growth can be a challenging task, as there are numerous potential contributing factors. These factors are often intertwined, with patients frequently presenting with two or more abnormalities simultaneously, such as growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and celiac disease. This overlapping of conditions can complicate diagnosis, as the symptoms of one condition may mask those of another, leading to a delay in identifying the true underlying cause. In our observation, we report two cases of patients who presented with growth disorders, each demonstrating how one condition can obscure another. The first patient was initially diagnosed with celiac disease, and while a gluten-free diet was implemented, there was little improvement in growth. Further investigations revealed an additional diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency, highlighting the importance of considering multiple diagnoses in cases of stunted growth. The second patient was first diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency, but after further evaluation, a diagnosis of celiac disease was made, which helped explain the persistence of the growth issues. In conclusion, stunted growth can result from various factors, and the presence of one disease can mask another. Thus, it is crucial to conduct thorough investigations and reconsider initial diagnoses to ensure that all potential causes are explored and appropriately addressed.
Abstract: Growth is a complex and multifactorial process influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. The regulation of growth involves a delicate balance of these factors, with hormones, such as growth hormone (GH), playing a pivotal role in the development of linear growth. Growth disorders, such as stunted growth, are commo...
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Research Article
The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on the Incident of Preterm Birth
I Made Rian Amerta Dananjaya*
,
I Made Kardana
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2025
Pages:
49-54
Received:
13 March 2025
Accepted:
24 March 2025
Published:
10 April 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajp.20251102.13
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Corona virus disease (COVID-19) has been a global pandemic since 2019, impacting various aspects of life, including maternal and neonatal health. Pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 are at a higher risk of obstetric complications, such as preterm birth. This study aims to analyze the relationship between COVID-19 infection in pregnant women and the incidence of preterm birth. This study employed a cross-sectional design using medical record data from the Neonatology division at Ngoerah Hospital Denpasar since February 2021 until Desember 2022. Samples were collected using consecutive sampling, including 167 subjects: 67 babies born to mothers with infection of COVID-19 and 100 babies born to mothers without COVID-19. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test, while multivariate analysis employed logistic regression to control for confounding variables. For the result, preterm birth was observed in 29.9% of babies born to COVID-19-positive mothers, compared to 13% of those born to COVID-19-negative mothers, with a significant association (p = 0.008; PR = 2.27; 95% CI 1.301-6.233). Multivariate analysis showed that mothers with COVID-19 had a 2.78 times higher risk of delivering preterm (p = 0.014; 95% CI 1.232-6.301) COVID-19 infection in pregnant women has a significant association with the incidence of preterm birth.
Abstract: Corona virus disease (COVID-19) has been a global pandemic since 2019, impacting various aspects of life, including maternal and neonatal health. Pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 are at a higher risk of obstetric complications, such as preterm birth. This study aims to analyze the relationship between COVID-19 infection in pregnant women and ...
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