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Research Article
Mode of Delivery: Effect on Blood Glucose Levels and Age at Initiation of Breastfeeding Among Healthy Newborns in Obio Cottage Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria
Chukwuma Chidiebere Adaku*,
Petronilla Tabansi,
Peace Opara
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, April 2024
Pages:
1-7
Received:
5 December 2023
Accepted:
21 December 2023
Published:
11 January 2024
Abstract: Early initiation of breastfeeding is giving newborns breastmilk within the first hour of life. This ensures that the newborn receives colostrum. Colostrum is rich in calorie, immunoglobulins, antimicrobials and growth factors, which are essential for nutrition, growth and development. Despite this knowledge, the proportion of mothers who initiate breastfeeding early remains low. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of mode of delivery on the age at initiation of breastfeeding and blood glucose levels of the newborns as well as to determine the relationships between maternal characteristics and age at initiation of breastfeeding of the newborns. This study was carried out over six weeks. The study population were 240 exclusively breastfed newborns delivered at Obio Cottage Hospital. A questionnaire was used to obtain relevant maternal information. The ages at which breastfeeding was initiated as well as measured blood glucose values were obtained and recorded on the study proforma. Blood glucose measurements were done at the bedside, using the Finetest glucometer at birth, three, 12 and 24 hours of life. Early initiation of breastfeeding was recorded among 96 (50.5%) and six (12%) newborns born by spontaneous vertex delivery (SVD) and elective Caesarean Section (CS) respectively, with an overall rate of 42.5%. Newborns delivered by SVD had significantly higher mean blood glucose at birth and 24 hours of life (p=0.000 and 0.015 respectively). The rate of early initiation of breastfeeding is low among newborns delivered by elective CS.
Abstract: Early initiation of breastfeeding is giving newborns breastmilk within the first hour of life. This ensures that the newborn receives colostrum. Colostrum is rich in calorie, immunoglobulins, antimicrobials and growth factors, which are essential for nutrition, growth and development. Despite this knowledge, the proportion of mothers who initiate b...
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Report
Neonatal Lupus Erythematosus: Fifteen Cases Report and Review of Literature
Mouna Lehlimi,
Imane Ain El Hayat*,
Lamyae Derrak,
Amal Badre,
Mounir Chemsi,
Abdelhak Habzi,
Said Benomar
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, April 2024
Pages:
8-12
Received:
3 December 2023
Accepted:
15 January 2024
Published:
1 February 2024
Abstract: Neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) is a rare autoimmune disease caused by the transplacental transfer of maternal autoantibodies, especially anti-Ro/SSA, anti-La/SSB, and anti-U1RNP. The objective of this study was to review the clinical, paraclinical, and therapeutic management of fifteen newborns admitted to a neonatal reanimation center at Children's Hospital A. Harouchi, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Centre. Results: Among these fifteen newborns, two categories were observed: the first category included eleven newborns of known lupus mothers in whom the electrocardiogram systematically requested came back normal. Skin lesions or biological abnormalities were found in some of these newborns, while others were completely asymptomatic. Simple clinical and paraclinical monitoring was performed, and the short- and long-term evolution was favorable. The second category included four newborns of mothers initially not known to have lupus but in whom the diagnosis of SLE was established after a maternal check-up because of neonatal bradycardia or suggestive skin lesions. In these four newborns, the systematic ECG revealed complete atrioventricular block in two and right bundle branch block in another. The cardiac ultrasound revealed cardiac malformations in three newborns. The systematic biological assessment showed abnormalities in two, and skin lesions were found in two newborns. In the cases of BAVc and BBD, the treatment consisted of pacemaker implantation, whereas simple monitoring was carried out in the newborn with cutaneous lesions. In conclusion, the clinical manifestations of NLE are varied; they may include temporary onset or irreversible symptoms such as congenital heart block (CHB), particularly third-degree heart block, which is the most serious complication of NLE because of its high morbidity and mortality rate and requires strict monitoring of all mothers with known lupus or with risk factors.
Abstract: Neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) is a rare autoimmune disease caused by the transplacental transfer of maternal autoantibodies, especially anti-Ro/SSA, anti-La/SSB, and anti-U1RNP. The objective of this study was to review the clinical, paraclinical, and therapeutic management of fifteen newborns admitted to a neonatal reanimation center at Child...
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Research Article
Cantrell Syndrome – A Rare Complex Congenital Anomaly: A Case Report and Literature Review
B. Ennadif*,
N. Marzouki,
F. Alaoui Inboui,
S. Salimi,
B. Slaoui,
Elkorchi,
K. Chbani
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, April 2024
Pages:
13-17
Received:
10 January 2024
Accepted:
29 January 2024
Published:
5 February 2024
Abstract: Cantrell’s pentalogy is a rare and complex white line congenital anomaly, it is first described by Cantrell et al. in 1958. It affects 5.5 children per 1,000,000 live births worldwide. The full spectrum of this syndrome includes five anomalies: an anterior diaphragm defect, a medial supraumbilical abdominal wall defect, a diaphragmatic pericardium defect, a lower sternum defect with intracardiac anomalies. The complete form that associates the five malformations of the Cantrell pentalogy is less common than the incomplete form. The embryogenesis of Cantrell's pentalogy can be caused by a problem in isolation of the frontal mesoderm around 14-18 days of gravidity; The etiopathogenesis of this pattern isn't yet fully understood, numerous factors can be indicted. The prognosis depends on the complexity of the cardiac malformation. We report the case of a 3 month old infant with a complete Cantrell pentalogy and complex congenital hear desease as this is the first case that has been reported in Morocco. And we highlight through our work the importance of prenatal diagnosis for early care. This case highlights the value of gestation monitoring and antenatal comforting and perfecting the quality of complaint operation services during the first days of life.
Abstract: Cantrell’s pentalogy is a rare and complex white line congenital anomaly, it is first described by Cantrell et al. in 1958. It affects 5.5 children per 1,000,000 live births worldwide. The full spectrum of this syndrome includes five anomalies: an anterior diaphragm defect, a medial supraumbilical abdominal wall defect, a diaphragmatic pericardium ...
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Research Article
Treatment of Mixed Chimerism After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Thalassemia Major
Jianyun Liao*,
Shimin Liang,
Jingtao Chen,
Xiaoting Liu,
Yuqian Xia,
Jujian He,
Weiwei Zhang,
Chaoke Pu,
Lan He,
Yuelin He,
Xiaoqin Feng,
Xuedong Wu,
Chunfu Li
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, March 2024
Pages:
18-25
Received:
4 January 2024
Accepted:
1 February 2024
Published:
20 February 2024
Abstract: Background: Incomplete donor cell chimerism often occurs in thalassemia transplant due to host cells remain or reappear overtime, which is termed as mixed chimerism (MC). Objective: To compare the immunosuppression withdrawal (ISW) and donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) in the correction of mixed chimerism (MC) after thalassemia transplantation. Methods: Eighty-seven patients with post-transplant MC admitted in our center from January 2010 to December 2019 were analyzed. Among them donor cells of 90%-95% and 75%-89% were classified as MC1 and MC2 respectively. MC3 donor cells <75%. The incidence and correction rate of MC, the occurrence rate of graft versus host disease (GVHD), timing of DLI were studied. Results: DLI was associated with higher correction rates and higher GVHD than ISW. In MC1 group, higher GVHD occurred in early and intermediate stage (P = 0.024/0.023) than ISW. In MC2 group, DLI in late stages had higher correction rates than ISW (P = 0.001). Conclusion: ISW was the primary strategy for MC1 patients. DLI should be given to the late-stage MC2 patients quickly. The earlier the treatment is provided, regardless of ISW or DLI, the more likely that patients develop GVHD.
Abstract: Background: Incomplete donor cell chimerism often occurs in thalassemia transplant due to host cells remain or reappear overtime, which is termed as mixed chimerism (MC). Objective: To compare the immunosuppression withdrawal (ISW) and donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) in the correction of mixed chimerism (MC) after thalassemia transplantation. Metho...
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Research Article
Infantile Acute Subdural Hematohygroma: A Clinical and Neuroimaging Analysis of 18 Cases
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, March 2024
Pages:
26-33
Received:
25 January 2024
Accepted:
12 February 2024
Published:
27 February 2024
Abstract: Objective: Even after the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), few studies have focused on the clinical profiles and neuroimaging characteristics of acute subdural hematohygroma (ASDHy) in infants. The present study attempted to elucidate the pathogenesis of ASDHy by analyzing the clinical and neuroimaging findings of ASDHy. Materials & Methods: The subjects were 18 patients (eight males and ten females) younger than 2 years with ASDHy. Their median age at diagnosis was 3.8 months (range: 2-10 months), and 15 (83%) were younger than 4 months. Imaging studies found no evidence of any primary brain injury. Results: Five patients experienced a fall, and 13 (72%) had no history of head trauma. The presenting symptoms and signs were the acute onset of generalized convulsive seizures and or repeated vomiting. Retinal hemorrhage occurred in 14 patients (78%). The imaging studies revealed a large amount of bilateral, subdural fluid collection with an intensity higher than that of cerebrospinal fluid on MRI. Benign enlargement of the subarachnoid space (BESS) was found in 14 patients (78%), an enlarged sylvian fissure (LSF) was found in all the patients (100%), and greater, left-sided enlargement was evident in 16 patients (89%). Two patients underwent subdural drainage, and 16 patients (89%) were conservatively managed. All the patients had a favorable outcome. Conclusions: ASDHy is a self-limiting disorder associated with retinal hemorrhage and a benign clinical course. Most cases develop in early infancy. LSF presumably loosens the tight fixation of the temporal lobes at the middle cranial fossa, thereby increasing the rotational force of the brain even during mild or unnoticeable impacts. Increased cranio-cerebral disproportion, including BESS and LSF, is a structural vulnerability which can lead to ASDHy in early infancy.
Abstract: Objective: Even after the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), few studies have focused on the clinical profiles and neuroimaging characteristics of acute subdural hematohygroma (ASDHy) in infants. The present study attempted to elucidate the pathogenesis of ASDHy by analyzing the clinical and neuroimaging findings of ASDHy. Materials & Meth...
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Research Article
Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis: The Challenges of Management
Meryem Dahou*,
Mouna Lehlimi,
Zineb Korchi,
Rabiaa Chaini,
Amal Badre,
Mounir Chemsi,
Abdelahk Habzi
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, March 2024
Pages:
34-40
Received:
8 February 2024
Accepted:
9 March 2024
Published:
2 April 2024
Abstract: Early-onset sepsis (EOS) is a worldwide major cause of morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. The objectifs of our studie is to estimate the frequency of EOS, explore the different risk factors, the clinical features, the hematological; inflammatory and bacteriological parameters necessary for diagnosis, different causative organisms and ATB susceptibility in EOS. A 10-year retrospective study was used, including 153 cases that met the inclusion criteria. Among the 8908 admissions in NICU, sepsis occurred in 2,28% of cases. The sex ratio was 2,1 (Male: 62%, Female: 38%). Chorioamnionitis occurred in 13,7% of cases, PPROM in 44,4%. Intrapartum fever was found in 7% of cases, and amniotic fluid abnormalities in 36,6%. In neonatal risk factors we found prematurity in 76,15% of cases and VLBW in 21,56%. Respiratory distress was the most common symptom at admission with 66,1%. Bacteriological exam showed a positive Blood culture in 19,6% (30) of cases. The most common organisms isolated were E. coli in 16 cases, Group B streptococcus in 11 cases, and a positive LP in only 1 case isolating E. coli. All patients admitted to the NICU suspected of sepsis had a triple antibiotherapy. In our study, sepsis was responsible for 46,4% of deaths out of which 15 died at the first day of admission. Neonatal sepsis is associated with high rate of neonatal mortality. Poor antenatal care, absence of pregnancies follow-up, prematurity and very low birth weight are risk factors associated with EOS. In order to decrease EOS incidence and improve outcome for neonates, a contribution between Neonatologists and Obstetricians is a must.
Abstract: Early-onset sepsis (EOS) is a worldwide major cause of morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. The objectifs of our studie is to estimate the frequency of EOS, explore the different risk factors, the clinical features, the hematological; inflammatory and bacteriological parameters necessary for diagnosis, different causative org...
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Research Article
LMP1 Expression of Esptein Baar Virus in Pediatric Lymphomas: A 06-Year Retrospective Series in Dakar
Abdou Magib Gaye*,
Cherif l Mouhamed Moustapha Dia,
Ibou Thiam,
Gabriel Nougnignon Comlan Deguenonvo,
Fabrice Senghor,
Khadidiatou Dansokho,
Marie Joseph Diémé-Ahouidi
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, March 2024
Pages:
41-47
Received:
8 February 2024
Accepted:
11 March 2024
Published:
2 April 2024
Abstract: Persistent Epstein Baar Virus (EBV) infection may be a perfect target for the treatment of EBV-associated lymphomas and improved patient outcomes. The aim of this work was to evaluate the frequency of LMP1 (Latence membrane Protein 1) expression in pediatric lymphomas in Dakar. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive study from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2020. It was based on blocks and anatomopathological reports of pediatric Lymphomas in 04 ACP laboratories in Dakar. The immunohistochemical study was carried out at the IBN ROCHD Hospital in Casablanca, Morocco, using a manual method. LMP1 immunostaining was considered positive if 10% of tumour cells showed cytoplasmic staining. Results: Positive staining for LMP1 was noted in 13 of the 42 cases of pediatric lymphomas tested, i.e. 31% of cases. These included 09 cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma, i.e. 69% (9/13), and 04 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, i.e. 31%. LMP1-positive classical Hodgkin's lymphomas accounted for 40.09% (9/22) of Hodgkin's lymphomas, and were of the mixed cellularity (6/22) and scleronodular (3/22) subtypes. The frequency of LMP1-positive samples in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas was 20% (4/20). These included 3 cases of Burkitt's lymphoma and 1 case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Conclusion: The frequency of EBV infection in pediatric lymphomas in Senegal is lower than in endemic areas of Africa.
Abstract: Persistent Epstein Baar Virus (EBV) infection may be a perfect target for the treatment of EBV-associated lymphomas and improved patient outcomes. The aim of this work was to evaluate the frequency of LMP1 (Latence membrane Protein 1) expression in pediatric lymphomas in Dakar. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive study from ...
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