Physicochemical Studies of Public Hand-Pump Borehole Water in Onueke, Ezza Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Onuorah Samuel; Nwoke John; Odibo Frederick

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12

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Physicochemical Studies of Public Hand-Pump Borehole Water in Onueke, Ezza Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Onuorah Samuel, Nwoke John, Odibo Frederick

Published in American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy (Volume 2, Issue 2)

Received: 22 August 2018 Accepted: 4 October 2018 Published: 27 October 2018

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Abstract

Physicochemical studies were carried out on fifteen public hand–pump borehole water in Onueke, Ezza South Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria during the dry and rainy seasons to determine their suitability for drinking using standard physicochemical techniques. The physical characteristics measured were temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, borehole depth, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids and total solids while the chemical characteristics studied were total alkalinity, total hardness, total chlorides, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, sulphates and nitrates. The heavy metals determined were lead, copper, iron and zinc. The results showed that the water samples complied with theWorld Health Organization Standard for potable water in terms of the physical and chemical characteristics except the pH and total hardness of some of them which were above the permissible limits. In addition, the values for lead during both seasons were above the limit recommendedby regulatory bodies. Correlation analysis showed that the temperature, total chlorides and nitrates were significant (P<0.05) indicating that the parameters were affected by seasonal variation. There is the urgent need to treat the affected water from the boreholes to avert any health hazard that might arise from their consumption. Sand filtration, addition of lime as well as periodic physicochemical analysis of the water from such boreholes is recommended.

Published in	American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy (Volume 2, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12
Page(s)	31-38
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Physicochemical, Characteristics, Public, Hand-Pump, Borehole Water

References

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APA Style

Onuorah Samuel, Nwoke John, Odibo Frederick. (2018). Physicochemical Studies of Public Hand-Pump Borehole Water in Onueke, Ezza Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy, 2(2), 31-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12

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ACS Style

Onuorah Samuel; Nwoke John; Odibo Frederick. Physicochemical Studies of Public Hand-Pump Borehole Water in Onueke, Ezza Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Am. J. Quantum Chem. Mol. Spectrosc. 2018, 2(2), 31-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12

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AMA Style

Onuorah Samuel, Nwoke John, Odibo Frederick. Physicochemical Studies of Public Hand-Pump Borehole Water in Onueke, Ezza Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Am J Quantum Chem Mol Spectrosc. 2018;2(2):31-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12,
  author = {Onuorah Samuel and Nwoke John and Odibo Frederick},
  title = {Physicochemical Studies of Public Hand-Pump Borehole Water in Onueke, Ezza Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {2},
  pages = {31-38},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajqcms.20180202.12},
  abstract = {Physicochemical studies were carried out on fifteen public hand–pump borehole water in Onueke, Ezza South Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria during the dry and rainy seasons to determine their suitability for drinking using standard physicochemical techniques. The physical characteristics measured were temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, borehole depth, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids and total solids while the chemical characteristics studied were total alkalinity, total hardness, total chlorides, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, sulphates and nitrates. The heavy metals determined were lead, copper, iron and zinc. The results showed that the water samples complied with theWorld Health Organization Standard for potable water in terms of the physical and chemical characteristics except the pH and total hardness of some of them which were above the permissible limits. In addition, the values for lead during both seasons were above the limit recommendedby regulatory bodies. Correlation analysis showed that the temperature, total chlorides and nitrates were significant (P<0.05) indicating that the parameters were affected by seasonal variation. There is the urgent need to treat the affected water from the boreholes to avert any health hazard that might arise from their consumption. Sand filtration, addition of lime as well as periodic physicochemical analysis of the water from such boreholes is recommended.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Physicochemical Studies of Public Hand-Pump Borehole Water in Onueke, Ezza Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria
AU  - Onuorah Samuel
AU  - Nwoke John
AU  - Odibo Frederick
Y1  - 2018/10/27
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12
T2  - American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy
JO  - American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy
SP  - 31
EP  - 38
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7308
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12
AB  - Physicochemical studies were carried out on fifteen public hand–pump borehole water in Onueke, Ezza South Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria during the dry and rainy seasons to determine their suitability for drinking using standard physicochemical techniques. The physical characteristics measured were temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, borehole depth, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids and total solids while the chemical characteristics studied were total alkalinity, total hardness, total chlorides, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, sulphates and nitrates. The heavy metals determined were lead, copper, iron and zinc. The results showed that the water samples complied with theWorld Health Organization Standard for potable water in terms of the physical and chemical characteristics except the pH and total hardness of some of them which were above the permissible limits. In addition, the values for lead during both seasons were above the limit recommendedby regulatory bodies. Correlation analysis showed that the temperature, total chlorides and nitrates were significant (P<0.05) indicating that the parameters were affected by seasonal variation. There is the urgent need to treat the affected water from the boreholes to avert any health hazard that might arise from their consumption. Sand filtration, addition of lime as well as periodic physicochemical analysis of the water from such boreholes is recommended.
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Onuorah Samuel

Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing, NnamdiAzikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Nwoke John

Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing, NnamdiAzikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Odibo Frederick

Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing, NnamdiAzikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

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APA Style

Onuorah Samuel, Nwoke John, Odibo Frederick. (2018). Physicochemical Studies of Public Hand-Pump Borehole Water in Onueke, Ezza Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy, 2(2), 31-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12

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ACS Style

Onuorah Samuel; Nwoke John; Odibo Frederick. Physicochemical Studies of Public Hand-Pump Borehole Water in Onueke, Ezza Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Am. J. Quantum Chem. Mol. Spectrosc. 2018, 2(2), 31-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12

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AMA Style

Onuorah Samuel, Nwoke John, Odibo Frederick. Physicochemical Studies of Public Hand-Pump Borehole Water in Onueke, Ezza Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Am J Quantum Chem Mol Spectrosc. 2018;2(2):31-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12,
  author = {Onuorah Samuel and Nwoke John and Odibo Frederick},
  title = {Physicochemical Studies of Public Hand-Pump Borehole Water in Onueke, Ezza Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {2},
  pages = {31-38},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajqcms.20180202.12},
  abstract = {Physicochemical studies were carried out on fifteen public hand–pump borehole water in Onueke, Ezza South Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria during the dry and rainy seasons to determine their suitability for drinking using standard physicochemical techniques. The physical characteristics measured were temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, borehole depth, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids and total solids while the chemical characteristics studied were total alkalinity, total hardness, total chlorides, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, sulphates and nitrates. The heavy metals determined were lead, copper, iron and zinc. The results showed that the water samples complied with theWorld Health Organization Standard for potable water in terms of the physical and chemical characteristics except the pH and total hardness of some of them which were above the permissible limits. In addition, the values for lead during both seasons were above the limit recommendedby regulatory bodies. Correlation analysis showed that the temperature, total chlorides and nitrates were significant (P<0.05) indicating that the parameters were affected by seasonal variation. There is the urgent need to treat the affected water from the boreholes to avert any health hazard that might arise from their consumption. Sand filtration, addition of lime as well as periodic physicochemical analysis of the water from such boreholes is recommended.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Physicochemical Studies of Public Hand-Pump Borehole Water in Onueke, Ezza Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria
AU  - Onuorah Samuel
AU  - Nwoke John
AU  - Odibo Frederick
Y1  - 2018/10/27
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12
T2  - American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy
JO  - American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy
SP  - 31
EP  - 38
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7308
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20180202.12
AB  - Physicochemical studies were carried out on fifteen public hand–pump borehole water in Onueke, Ezza South Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria during the dry and rainy seasons to determine their suitability for drinking using standard physicochemical techniques. The physical characteristics measured were temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, borehole depth, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids and total solids while the chemical characteristics studied were total alkalinity, total hardness, total chlorides, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, sulphates and nitrates. The heavy metals determined were lead, copper, iron and zinc. The results showed that the water samples complied with theWorld Health Organization Standard for potable water in terms of the physical and chemical characteristics except the pH and total hardness of some of them which were above the permissible limits. In addition, the values for lead during both seasons were above the limit recommendedby regulatory bodies. Correlation analysis showed that the temperature, total chlorides and nitrates were significant (P<0.05) indicating that the parameters were affected by seasonal variation. There is the urgent need to treat the affected water from the boreholes to avert any health hazard that might arise from their consumption. Sand filtration, addition of lime as well as periodic physicochemical analysis of the water from such boreholes is recommended.
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
ER  -

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