Evaluation of Aflatoxin M<sub>1</sub> Residues in Cow's Milk Sold in the Communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou (Burkina Faso)

Kiessoun Konaté; Balamoussa Santara; Dominique Ouryagala Sanou; Mamoudou Hama Dicko

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11

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Evaluation of Aflatoxin M₁ Residues in Cow's Milk Sold in the Communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou (Burkina Faso)

Kiessoun Konaté, Balamoussa Santara, Dominique Ouryagala Sanou, Mamoudou Hama Dicko

Published in American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy (Volume 4, Issue 2)

Received: 17 September 2020 Accepted: 5 October 2020 Published: 11 December 2020

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Abstract

Aflatoxins B₁ mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Indeed, aflatoxins B₁ (AFB₁) are mycotoxins that can contaminate a wide variety of foods. The ingestion of food contaminated with farm animals may result in the alteration of their health and zootechnical performance as well as a food safety problem related to the presence of aflatoxin M₁ residues (AFM₁) in the products animals, especially milk. In humans, aflatoxins, especially AFM₁, found mostly in milk, have a hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, immunotoxic effect and also impair the functioning of reproductive organs. It is for this reason that the present study was initiated to evaluate the residues of aflatoxin M₁ in the cow's milk sold in the communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou. A collection of 16 and 20 samples was carried out respectively in the cities of Dedougou and Ouagadougou. Chromatographic analysis by HPLC of our samples showed an absence of aflatoxin M₁ in both localities. A comparison of our results with the standard set by the European Commission (EC) shows that our samples have good quality. These results could be justified by the good quality of cow's food. In view of these results, farmers should be encouraged to adopt and continue a healthy diet of draft cows for a better valorization of local milk.

Published in	American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11
Page(s)	17-21
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cow's Milk, Aflatoxin B₁, Aflatoxin M₁ Residues

References

[1]	A. Noufissa, “Study of food fungal contamination and mycotoxins,” 2018.
[2]	B. CORBION and J. M. FREMY, “Detection of aflatoxins B_{1 and M₁ in Atype cheesese " Camembert ",” Milk, vol. 58, no. 573–574, pp. 133–140, 1978.}
[3]	AFSSA (French Food Safety Agency), “Risk assessment related to the presence of mycotoxins in the human and animal food chains Final report,” pp. 70–71, 2006.
[4]	AFSSA (French Food Safety Agencys), “Risk assessment related to the presence of mycotoxins in the human and animal food chains - Synthetic report,” Afssa, p. 339, 2009.
[5]	MRAH (Ministry of Animal and Halieutic Resources), “National statistics on livestock in Burkina Faso,” 2018.
[6]	B. Santara and E. D. Bazié, “Map of the study area,” 2019..
[7]	B. Santara, “Milk samples contained in the vials,” 2019.
[8]	ISO 14501 (Standardization International Organization), “Milk and milk powder — Determination of aflatoxin M₁ content — Clean-up by immunoaffinity chromatography and determination by high-performance liquid chromatography,” Reference number ISO, vol. 14501. ISO Geneva (Switzerland), 1998.
[9]	A. J. Sirma, “Sources and levels of human exposure to aflatoxins in nandi country, KENYA,” 2013.
[10]	N. Nuryono et al., “A limited survey of aflatoxin M₁ in milk from Indonesia by ELISA,” Food Control, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 721–724, 2009.
[11]	H. Boudra, J. Barnouin, S. Dragacci, and D. P. Morgavi, “Aflatoxin M₁ and ochratoxin a in raw bulk milk from french dairy herds,” J. Dairy Sci., vol. 90, no. 7, pp. 3197–3201, 2007.
[12]	M. L. Rodríguez Velasco, M. M. Calonge Delso, and D. Ordónez Escudero, “ELISA and HPLC determination of the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in raw cow’s milk,” Food Additives and Contaminants, 2003.
[13]	B. Dashti, S. Al-Hamli, H. Alomirah, S. Al-Zenki, A. B. Abbas, and W. Sawaya, “Levels of aflatoxin M1 in milk, cheese consumed in Kuwait and occurrence of total aflatoxin in local and imported animal feed,” Food Control, vol. 20, no. 7, pp. 686–690, 2009.
[14]	E. Rahimi, M. Bonyadian, M. Rafei, and H. R. Kazemeini, “Occurrence of aflatoxin M₁ in raw milk of five dairy species in Ahvaz, Iran,” Food Chem. Toxicol., vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 129–131, 2010.
[15]	E. Assem, A. Mohamad, and E. A. Oula, “A survey on the occurrence of aflatoxin M₁ in raw and processed milk samples marketed in Lebanon,” Food Control, vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 1856–1858, 2011.
[16]	L. W. Whitlow and W. M. J. Hagler, “La contamination des aliments par les mycotoxines: un facteur de stress additionnel pour les bovins laitiers,” Symposium sur les bovins laitiers, 2001. [Online]. Available: http://www.agrireseau.qc.ca/bovinslaitiers/Documents/2001_Whitlow.pdf.

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APA Style

Kiessoun Konaté, Balamoussa Santara, Dominique Ouryagala Sanou, Mamoudou Hama Dicko. (2020). Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Residues in Cow's Milk Sold in the Communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou (Burkina Faso). American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy, 4(2), 17-21. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11

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Kiessoun Konaté; Balamoussa Santara; Dominique Ouryagala Sanou; Mamoudou Hama Dicko. Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Residues in Cow's Milk Sold in the Communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou (Burkina Faso). Am. J. Quantum Chem. Mol. Spectrosc. 2020, 4(2), 17-21. doi: 10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11

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AMA Style

Kiessoun Konaté, Balamoussa Santara, Dominique Ouryagala Sanou, Mamoudou Hama Dicko. Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Residues in Cow's Milk Sold in the Communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou (Burkina Faso). Am J Quantum Chem Mol Spectrosc. 2020;4(2):17-21. doi: 10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11,
  author = {Kiessoun Konaté and Balamoussa Santara and Dominique Ouryagala Sanou and Mamoudou Hama Dicko},
  title = {Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Residues in Cow's Milk Sold in the Communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou (Burkina Faso)},
  journal = {American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {17-21},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajqcms.20200402.11},
  abstract = {Aflatoxins B1 mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Indeed, aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) are mycotoxins that can contaminate a wide variety of foods. The ingestion of food contaminated with farm animals may result in the alteration of their health and zootechnical performance as well as a food safety problem related to the presence of aflatoxin M1 residues (AFM1) in the products animals, especially milk. In humans, aflatoxins, especially AFM1, found mostly in milk, have a hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, immunotoxic effect and also impair the functioning of reproductive organs. It is for this reason that the present study was initiated to evaluate the residues of aflatoxin M1 in the cow's milk sold in the communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou. A collection of 16 and 20 samples was carried out respectively in the cities of Dedougou and Ouagadougou. Chromatographic analysis by HPLC of our samples showed an absence of aflatoxin M1 in both localities. A comparison of our results with the standard set by the European Commission (EC) shows that our samples have good quality. These results could be justified by the good quality of cow's food. In view of these results, farmers should be encouraged to adopt and continue a healthy diet of draft cows for a better valorization of local milk.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Residues in Cow's Milk Sold in the Communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou (Burkina Faso)
AU  - Kiessoun Konaté
AU  - Balamoussa Santara
AU  - Dominique Ouryagala Sanou
AU  - Mamoudou Hama Dicko
Y1  - 2020/12/11
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11
T2  - American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy
JO  - American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy
SP  - 17
EP  - 21
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7308
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11
AB  - Aflatoxins B1 mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Indeed, aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) are mycotoxins that can contaminate a wide variety of foods. The ingestion of food contaminated with farm animals may result in the alteration of their health and zootechnical performance as well as a food safety problem related to the presence of aflatoxin M1 residues (AFM1) in the products animals, especially milk. In humans, aflatoxins, especially AFM1, found mostly in milk, have a hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, immunotoxic effect and also impair the functioning of reproductive organs. It is for this reason that the present study was initiated to evaluate the residues of aflatoxin M1 in the cow's milk sold in the communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou. A collection of 16 and 20 samples was carried out respectively in the cities of Dedougou and Ouagadougou. Chromatographic analysis by HPLC of our samples showed an absence of aflatoxin M1 in both localities. A comparison of our results with the standard set by the European Commission (EC) shows that our samples have good quality. These results could be justified by the good quality of cow's food. In view of these results, farmers should be encouraged to adopt and continue a healthy diet of draft cows for a better valorization of local milk.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Kiessoun Konaté

Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Joseph Ki-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Balamoussa Santara

Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Joseph Ki-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Dominique Ouryagala Sanou

Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Joseph Ki-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Mamoudou Hama Dicko

Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Joseph Ki-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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APA Style

Kiessoun Konaté, Balamoussa Santara, Dominique Ouryagala Sanou, Mamoudou Hama Dicko. (2020). Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Residues in Cow's Milk Sold in the Communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou (Burkina Faso). American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy, 4(2), 17-21. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11

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ACS Style

Kiessoun Konaté; Balamoussa Santara; Dominique Ouryagala Sanou; Mamoudou Hama Dicko. Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Residues in Cow's Milk Sold in the Communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou (Burkina Faso). Am. J. Quantum Chem. Mol. Spectrosc. 2020, 4(2), 17-21. doi: 10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11

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AMA Style

Kiessoun Konaté, Balamoussa Santara, Dominique Ouryagala Sanou, Mamoudou Hama Dicko. Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Residues in Cow's Milk Sold in the Communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou (Burkina Faso). Am J Quantum Chem Mol Spectrosc. 2020;4(2):17-21. doi: 10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11,
  author = {Kiessoun Konaté and Balamoussa Santara and Dominique Ouryagala Sanou and Mamoudou Hama Dicko},
  title = {Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Residues in Cow's Milk Sold in the Communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou (Burkina Faso)},
  journal = {American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {17-21},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajqcms.20200402.11},
  abstract = {Aflatoxins B1 mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Indeed, aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) are mycotoxins that can contaminate a wide variety of foods. The ingestion of food contaminated with farm animals may result in the alteration of their health and zootechnical performance as well as a food safety problem related to the presence of aflatoxin M1 residues (AFM1) in the products animals, especially milk. In humans, aflatoxins, especially AFM1, found mostly in milk, have a hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, immunotoxic effect and also impair the functioning of reproductive organs. It is for this reason that the present study was initiated to evaluate the residues of aflatoxin M1 in the cow's milk sold in the communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou. A collection of 16 and 20 samples was carried out respectively in the cities of Dedougou and Ouagadougou. Chromatographic analysis by HPLC of our samples showed an absence of aflatoxin M1 in both localities. A comparison of our results with the standard set by the European Commission (EC) shows that our samples have good quality. These results could be justified by the good quality of cow's food. In view of these results, farmers should be encouraged to adopt and continue a healthy diet of draft cows for a better valorization of local milk.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Residues in Cow's Milk Sold in the Communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou (Burkina Faso)
AU  - Kiessoun Konaté
AU  - Balamoussa Santara
AU  - Dominique Ouryagala Sanou
AU  - Mamoudou Hama Dicko
Y1  - 2020/12/11
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11
T2  - American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy
JO  - American Journal of Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy
SP  - 17
EP  - 21
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7308
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajqcms.20200402.11
AB  - Aflatoxins B1 mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Indeed, aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) are mycotoxins that can contaminate a wide variety of foods. The ingestion of food contaminated with farm animals may result in the alteration of their health and zootechnical performance as well as a food safety problem related to the presence of aflatoxin M1 residues (AFM1) in the products animals, especially milk. In humans, aflatoxins, especially AFM1, found mostly in milk, have a hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, immunotoxic effect and also impair the functioning of reproductive organs. It is for this reason that the present study was initiated to evaluate the residues of aflatoxin M1 in the cow's milk sold in the communes of Ouagadougou and Dedougou. A collection of 16 and 20 samples was carried out respectively in the cities of Dedougou and Ouagadougou. Chromatographic analysis by HPLC of our samples showed an absence of aflatoxin M1 in both localities. A comparison of our results with the standard set by the European Commission (EC) shows that our samples have good quality. These results could be justified by the good quality of cow's food. In view of these results, farmers should be encouraged to adopt and continue a healthy diet of draft cows for a better valorization of local milk.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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