Safe Mooring of Ships Under the Influence of Wind and Currents

Fuquan Fan; Kun Huang; Deling Wang; Hejun Geng; Xiaobin Jiang

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11

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Safe Mooring of Ships Under the Influence of Wind and Currents

Fuquan Fan, Kun Huang, Deling Wang, Hejun Geng, Xiaobin Jiang

Published in American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 1)

Received: 19 December 2022 Accepted: 29 December 2022 Published: 10 January 2023

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Abstract

In this paper, the simplified calculation method in the "Load Code for harbor Engineering" to quickly calculate the force on moored ship's lines and wharf bollards under the influence of wind and currents is introduced. In view of the fact that real ship had happened mooring lines breakage accident at berth under ballast condition, use the actual ship X moored at NBGB wharf as an example to verify and calculate the force on ship’s lines and wharf bollards when the ship suffers the most adverse influence. The result show that when the ship encounters a gale (class 8) and a current (velocity 2.6 knot) in ballast condition, some of the mooring lines are subjected to forces close to their breaking strength under the combined effect of wind and current. If there is uneven force on the mooring lines, the possibility of mooring line breakage is great, which is consistent with the actual situation. By calculating and analyzing, give the ship’s mooring stabilize conditions under specific environment. The calculation method in this paper facilitates the captain to judge whether the ship can be safely and steadily moored, and facilitates the port to make clear regulations on the ship’s mooring stabilize according to the actual situation of the berth, which provides important theoretical support for the decision of stability and safety of the moored ship, the proposed preventive measures for the safety risks of stability and safety have reference value for improving the safe operation efficiency for the ship and the terminal.

Published in	American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11
Page(s)	1-7
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Influence of Wind and Currents, Ship Mooring, Safety Assessment, Preventive Measures, Safe Berthing

References

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[3]	Han Gang. Tidal flow analysis of 300,000-ton crude oil wharf and optimization of tanker stability [J]. China Water Transport (Second Half Month), 2014, 14 (11): 31-32.
[4]	Mao Huiyuan. Response to the risk of loaded ore ships berthing at the Far East Wharf [J]. Zhujiang Water Transport, 2014 (14): 65-66.
[5]	Lázaro Redondo, Rubén Méndez, Luis Pérez-Rojas, An indirect method implementing effect of the wind on moored ship experimental tests, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.05.001.
[6]	Huiming Tan, Fumao Chen, Jia Chen; Model Test on Influence of Berth Length on LNG Vessel Mooring under Wave-Current-Wind Loads. Journal of Coastal Research 1 May 2018; (85 (10085)): 1061–1065.
[7]	Li, Y. (September 1, 1982). "The Impact Energy of a Moored Tanker Under the Action of Regular Waves." ASME. J. Energy Resour. Technol. September 1982; 104 (3): 235–240.
[8]	T. E. Schelfn, C. Östergaard, The vessel in port: Mooring problems, Marine Structures, Volume 8, Issue 5, 1995, Pages 451-479, ISSN 0951-8339.
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[10]	R. Natarajan, C. Ganapathy, Moorings Analysis of a Berthed Ship, Marine Structures, Volume 8, Issue 5, 1995, Pages 481-499, ISSN 0951-8339.
[11]	Jiangsu Maritime Safety Administration, Safety warning for ship breakage case, 2022-03-28 16: 10.
[12]	Li Qiu, Huang Jiawei. Analysis of the force on the cable when the ship is alongside [J]. Port Engineering Technology, 2022, 59 (S1): 39-42+64. DOI: 10.16403/j.cnki.ggjs2022S110.
[13]	Mu Yongguang. Berthing maneuvering at berth 1~# of Ningbo Baidian Terminal with rising water and offshore flow [J]. Naval technology, 2020 (04): 10-13.
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[15]	Xie Jixiang. Analysis of ship breakage accident at Terminal J of Rosario Port [J]. Tianjin Navigation, 2019 (03): 9-12.
[16]	Lei H. Safety measures for super-large ships moored at Baosteel wharf in Beilun port [J]. Journal of Shanghai Maritime College, 1989 (02): 11-21.

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APA Style

Fuquan Fan, Kun Huang, Deling Wang, Hejun Geng, Xiaobin Jiang. (2023). Safe Mooring of Ships Under the Influence of Wind and Currents. American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 8(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11

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ACS Style

Fuquan Fan; Kun Huang; Deling Wang; Hejun Geng; Xiaobin Jiang. Safe Mooring of Ships Under the Influence of Wind and Currents. Am. J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 2023, 8(1), 1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11

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AMA Style

Fuquan Fan, Kun Huang, Deling Wang, Hejun Geng, Xiaobin Jiang. Safe Mooring of Ships Under the Influence of Wind and Currents. Am J Traffic Transp Eng. 2023;8(1):1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11,
  author = {Fuquan Fan and Kun Huang and Deling Wang and Hejun Geng and Xiaobin Jiang},
  title = {Safe Mooring of Ships Under the Influence of Wind and Currents},
  journal = {American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-7},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtte.20230801.11},
  abstract = {In this paper, the simplified calculation method in the "Load Code for harbor Engineering" to quickly calculate the force on moored ship's lines and wharf bollards under the influence of wind and currents is introduced. In view of the fact that real ship had happened mooring lines breakage accident at berth under ballast condition, use the actual ship X moored at NBGB wharf as an example to verify and calculate the force on ship’s lines and wharf bollards when the ship suffers the most adverse influence. The result show that when the ship encounters a gale (class 8) and a current (velocity 2.6 knot) in ballast condition, some of the mooring lines are subjected to forces close to their breaking strength under the combined effect of wind and current. If there is uneven force on the mooring lines, the possibility of mooring line breakage is great, which is consistent with the actual situation. By calculating and analyzing, give the ship’s mooring stabilize conditions under specific environment. The calculation method in this paper facilitates the captain to judge whether the ship can be safely and steadily moored, and facilitates the port to make clear regulations on the ship’s mooring stabilize according to the actual situation of the berth, which provides important theoretical support for the decision of stability and safety of the moored ship, the proposed preventive measures for the safety risks of stability and safety have reference value for improving the safe operation efficiency for the ship and the terminal.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Safe Mooring of Ships Under the Influence of Wind and Currents
AU  - Fuquan Fan
AU  - Kun Huang
AU  - Deling Wang
AU  - Hejun Geng
AU  - Xiaobin Jiang
Y1  - 2023/01/10
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11
T2  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8604
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11
AB  - In this paper, the simplified calculation method in the "Load Code for harbor Engineering" to quickly calculate the force on moored ship's lines and wharf bollards under the influence of wind and currents is introduced. In view of the fact that real ship had happened mooring lines breakage accident at berth under ballast condition, use the actual ship X moored at NBGB wharf as an example to verify and calculate the force on ship’s lines and wharf bollards when the ship suffers the most adverse influence. The result show that when the ship encounters a gale (class 8) and a current (velocity 2.6 knot) in ballast condition, some of the mooring lines are subjected to forces close to their breaking strength under the combined effect of wind and current. If there is uneven force on the mooring lines, the possibility of mooring line breakage is great, which is consistent with the actual situation. By calculating and analyzing, give the ship’s mooring stabilize conditions under specific environment. The calculation method in this paper facilitates the captain to judge whether the ship can be safely and steadily moored, and facilitates the port to make clear regulations on the ship’s mooring stabilize according to the actual situation of the berth, which provides important theoretical support for the decision of stability and safety of the moored ship, the proposed preventive measures for the safety risks of stability and safety have reference value for improving the safe operation efficiency for the ship and the terminal.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Fuquan Fan

Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
Kun Huang

Ningbo Maritime Authority, Ningbo, China
Deling Wang

Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
Hejun Geng

Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
Xiaobin Jiang

Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Fuquan Fan, Kun Huang, Deling Wang, Hejun Geng, Xiaobin Jiang. (2023). Safe Mooring of Ships Under the Influence of Wind and Currents. American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 8(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11

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ACS Style

Fuquan Fan; Kun Huang; Deling Wang; Hejun Geng; Xiaobin Jiang. Safe Mooring of Ships Under the Influence of Wind and Currents. Am. J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 2023, 8(1), 1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11

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AMA Style

Fuquan Fan, Kun Huang, Deling Wang, Hejun Geng, Xiaobin Jiang. Safe Mooring of Ships Under the Influence of Wind and Currents. Am J Traffic Transp Eng. 2023;8(1):1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11,
  author = {Fuquan Fan and Kun Huang and Deling Wang and Hejun Geng and Xiaobin Jiang},
  title = {Safe Mooring of Ships Under the Influence of Wind and Currents},
  journal = {American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-7},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtte.20230801.11},
  abstract = {In this paper, the simplified calculation method in the "Load Code for harbor Engineering" to quickly calculate the force on moored ship's lines and wharf bollards under the influence of wind and currents is introduced. In view of the fact that real ship had happened mooring lines breakage accident at berth under ballast condition, use the actual ship X moored at NBGB wharf as an example to verify and calculate the force on ship’s lines and wharf bollards when the ship suffers the most adverse influence. The result show that when the ship encounters a gale (class 8) and a current (velocity 2.6 knot) in ballast condition, some of the mooring lines are subjected to forces close to their breaking strength under the combined effect of wind and current. If there is uneven force on the mooring lines, the possibility of mooring line breakage is great, which is consistent with the actual situation. By calculating and analyzing, give the ship’s mooring stabilize conditions under specific environment. The calculation method in this paper facilitates the captain to judge whether the ship can be safely and steadily moored, and facilitates the port to make clear regulations on the ship’s mooring stabilize according to the actual situation of the berth, which provides important theoretical support for the decision of stability and safety of the moored ship, the proposed preventive measures for the safety risks of stability and safety have reference value for improving the safe operation efficiency for the ship and the terminal.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Safe Mooring of Ships Under the Influence of Wind and Currents
AU  - Fuquan Fan
AU  - Kun Huang
AU  - Deling Wang
AU  - Hejun Geng
AU  - Xiaobin Jiang
Y1  - 2023/01/10
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11
T2  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8604
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.11
AB  - In this paper, the simplified calculation method in the "Load Code for harbor Engineering" to quickly calculate the force on moored ship's lines and wharf bollards under the influence of wind and currents is introduced. In view of the fact that real ship had happened mooring lines breakage accident at berth under ballast condition, use the actual ship X moored at NBGB wharf as an example to verify and calculate the force on ship’s lines and wharf bollards when the ship suffers the most adverse influence. The result show that when the ship encounters a gale (class 8) and a current (velocity 2.6 knot) in ballast condition, some of the mooring lines are subjected to forces close to their breaking strength under the combined effect of wind and current. If there is uneven force on the mooring lines, the possibility of mooring line breakage is great, which is consistent with the actual situation. By calculating and analyzing, give the ship’s mooring stabilize conditions under specific environment. The calculation method in this paper facilitates the captain to judge whether the ship can be safely and steadily moored, and facilitates the port to make clear regulations on the ship’s mooring stabilize according to the actual situation of the berth, which provides important theoretical support for the decision of stability and safety of the moored ship, the proposed preventive measures for the safety risks of stability and safety have reference value for improving the safe operation efficiency for the ship and the terminal.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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