Exploring the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Wind Environment Simulation in the Layout of Port Operation Areas

Lixiong Chen; Dongkui Wu; Chun Shen

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11

Research Article |

| Peer-Reviewed

Exploring the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Wind Environment Simulation in the Layout of Port Operation Areas

Lixiong Chen^*, Dongkui Wu, Chun Shen

Published in American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 6)

Received: 4 October 2023 Accepted: 2 November 2023 Published: 11 November 2023

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The wind environment in port areas not only affects port planning and layout but also constrains the navigation time window during operations. During the engineering certification process for port construction, typically only monthly and yearly climatic characteristics of hydrological and meteorological conditions, as well as statistical conclusions on the main weather systems causing high winds and waves in the region, can be considered. These data alone cannot represent the wind and wave distribution in specific operational areas. Sometimes, it is necessary to refer to the wind and wave characteristics of the operational waters for specific port operation point selection. In such cases, remote sensing or simulation techniques, such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), are used to infer the wind and wave distribution characteristics. Taking Shanghai Yangshan Deepwater Port as an example, the design of the pilot boarding point for strong winds and waves is located near the main channel, providing limited protection against high winds and waves. On average, there are 11.9 instances of pilot traffic control caused by high winds and waves each year. To mitigate the impact of severe weather on port operations, it is proposed to move the temporary boarding point for pilots in strong winds and waves westward to the east gate closer to the port area. Traditional hydrological and meteorological statistical data cannot support the selection of the new area, so it was decided to use CFD technology to simulate the wind environment in the relevant island and reef area and analyze the wind field distribution under different wind directions. Combined with the three-year statistical data from the meteorological station on Xiaoyangshan Island, a new area for the temporary pilot boarding point was selected. The CFD wind environment simulation results provided the primary technical support for determining the reference area.

Published in	American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11
Page(s)	128-134
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Pilot Boarding Points, Island and Reef Areas, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Wind Environment Simulation

References

[1]	Ismail Kurt, Murat Aymelek, Operational adaptation of ports with maritime autonomous surface ships, Transport Policy, Volume 145, 2024, Pages 1-10, ISSN 0967-070X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2023.09.023.
[2]	Miguel Hervás-Peralta, Sara Poveda-Reyes, Francisco Enrique Santarremigia, Gemma Dolores Molero, Designing the layout of terminals with dangerous goods for safer and more secure ports and hinterlands, Case Studies on Transport Policy, Volume 8, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 300-310, ISSN 2213-624X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2020.01.006.
[3]	Bowei Xu, Hailing Wang, Junjun Li, Evaluation of operation cost and energy consumption of ports: comparative study on different container terminal layouts, Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, Volume 127, 2023, 102792, ISSN 1569-190X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simpat.2023.102792.
[4]	Masashi Watanabe, Hironobu Kan, Ken Toguchi, Yosuke Nakashima, Volker Roeber, Taro Arikawa, Effect of the structural complexity of a coral reef on wave propagation: A case study from Komaka Island, Japan, Ocean Engineering, Volume 287, Part 1, 2023, 115632, ISSN 0029-8018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.115632.
[5]	Jiao Yan, Zhuang Yanfeng. Discussion on the establishment of the water area for pilots to board and disembark from Qingdao Port in strong winds and waves [J]. Navigation, 2023 (04): 30-34.
[6]	Monique O. Franzen, Elisa H. L. Fernandes, Eduardo Siegle, Impacts of coastal structures on hydro-morphodynamic patterns and guidelines towards sustainable coastal development: A case studies review, Regional Studies in Marine Science, Volume 44, 2021, 101800, ISSN 2352-4855, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2021.101800.
[7]	Putri Amelia, Artya Lathifah, Dynamics Analysis of Container Needs and Availability in Surabaya Container Terminal with Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation, Procedia Computer Science, Volume 161, 2019, Pages 910-918, ISSN 1877-0509, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.11.199.
[8]	Arif Hussain, Adil Loya, Zeeshan Riaz, Saeed Akram Malik, To study the effectiveness of stern appendages (Cruciform & X Shaped configurations) for maneuverability of autonomous underwater vessel using computational fluid dynamics, Ocean Engineering, Volume 272, 2023, 113858, ISSN 0029-8018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.113858.
[9]	A. Ricci, W. D. Janssen, H. J. van Wijhe, B. Blocken, CFD simulation of wind forces on ships in ports: Case study for the Rotterdam Cruise Terminal, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Volume 205, 2020, 104315, ISSN 0167-6105, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2020.104315.
[10]	Francisco Toja-Silva, Takaaki Kono, Carlos Peralta, Oscar Lopez-Garcia, Jia Chen, A review of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the wind flow around buildings for urban wind energy exploitation, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Volume 180, 2018, P ages 66-87, ISSN 0167-6105 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2018.07.010.
[11]	Radwanski K., Rutkowski G. An Analysis of the Risks during Personnel Transfers between Units Operating on the Water. Water 2022, 14, 3303, https://doi.org/10.3390/w14203303.
[12]	Ji Liang and Ge Caoyan. Research on Standardization of CFD Simulation Technology in Shanghai Local Standard "Technical Regulations for Building Environmental Numerical Simulation". Green Building, 2015, 7(05), 33-35.
[13]	Munir Suner, Munip Bas, A new approach to narrow waterways traffic routing with potential flow theory and CFD, Ocean Engineering, Volume 261, 2022, 111862, ISSN 0029-8018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.111862.
[14]	Shenghui Liu, Yanping Huang, Junfeng Wang, Theoretical and numerical investigation on the fin effectiveness and the fin efficiency of printed circuit heat exchanger with straight channels, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Volume 132, 2018, Pages 558-566, ISSN 1290-0729, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2018.06.029.
[15]	Gu Mingheng, Zou Tingting, Xiang Jieqiong. Research on mesh independence of turbine blade structure design and vibration characteristics [J]. Internal Combustion Engine & Parts, 2021, (11): 8-9.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Chen, L., Wu, D., Shen, C. (2023). Exploring the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Wind Environment Simulation in the Layout of Port Operation Areas. American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 8(6), 128-134. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Chen, L.; Wu, D.; Shen, C. Exploring the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Wind Environment Simulation in the Layout of Port Operation Areas. Am. J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 2023, 8(6), 128-134. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Chen L, Wu D, Shen C. Exploring the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Wind Environment Simulation in the Layout of Port Operation Areas. Am J Traffic Transp Eng. 2023;8(6):128-134. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11,
  author = {Lixiong Chen and Dongkui Wu and Chun Shen},
  title = {Exploring the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Wind Environment Simulation in the Layout of Port Operation Areas},
  journal = {American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {6},
  pages = {128-134},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtte.20230806.11},
  abstract = {The wind environment in port areas not only affects port planning and layout but also constrains the navigation time window during operations. During the engineering certification process for port construction, typically only monthly and yearly climatic characteristics of hydrological and meteorological conditions, as well as statistical conclusions on the main weather systems causing high winds and waves in the region, can be considered. These data alone cannot represent the wind and wave distribution in specific operational areas. Sometimes, it is necessary to refer to the wind and wave characteristics of the operational waters for specific port operation point selection. In such cases, remote sensing or simulation techniques, such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), are used to infer the wind and wave distribution characteristics. Taking Shanghai Yangshan Deepwater Port as an example, the design of the pilot boarding point for strong winds and waves is located near the main channel, providing limited protection against high winds and waves. On average, there are 11.9 instances of pilot traffic control caused by high winds and waves each year. To mitigate the impact of severe weather on port operations, it is proposed to move the temporary boarding point for pilots in strong winds and waves westward to the east gate closer to the port area. Traditional hydrological and meteorological statistical data cannot support the selection of the new area, so it was decided to use CFD technology to simulate the wind environment in the relevant island and reef area and analyze the wind field distribution under different wind directions. Combined with the three-year statistical data from the meteorological station on Xiaoyangshan Island, a new area for the temporary pilot boarding point was selected. The CFD wind environment simulation results provided the primary technical support for determining the reference area.
},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exploring the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Wind Environment Simulation in the Layout of Port Operation Areas
AU  - Lixiong Chen
AU  - Dongkui Wu
AU  - Chun Shen
Y1  - 2023/11/11
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11
T2  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
SP  - 128
EP  - 134
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8604
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11
AB  - The wind environment in port areas not only affects port planning and layout but also constrains the navigation time window during operations. During the engineering certification process for port construction, typically only monthly and yearly climatic characteristics of hydrological and meteorological conditions, as well as statistical conclusions on the main weather systems causing high winds and waves in the region, can be considered. These data alone cannot represent the wind and wave distribution in specific operational areas. Sometimes, it is necessary to refer to the wind and wave characteristics of the operational waters for specific port operation point selection. In such cases, remote sensing or simulation techniques, such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), are used to infer the wind and wave distribution characteristics. Taking Shanghai Yangshan Deepwater Port as an example, the design of the pilot boarding point for strong winds and waves is located near the main channel, providing limited protection against high winds and waves. On average, there are 11.9 instances of pilot traffic control caused by high winds and waves each year. To mitigate the impact of severe weather on port operations, it is proposed to move the temporary boarding point for pilots in strong winds and waves westward to the east gate closer to the port area. Traditional hydrological and meteorological statistical data cannot support the selection of the new area, so it was decided to use CFD technology to simulate the wind environment in the relevant island and reef area and analyze the wind field distribution under different wind directions. Combined with the three-year statistical data from the meteorological station on Xiaoyangshan Island, a new area for the temporary pilot boarding point was selected. The CFD wind environment simulation results provided the primary technical support for determining the reference area.

VL  - 8
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Lixiong Chen

Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

Contact Email
Dongkui Wu

Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

Contact Email
Chun Shen

Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

Contact Email

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Chen, L., Wu, D., Shen, C. (2023). Exploring the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Wind Environment Simulation in the Layout of Port Operation Areas. American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 8(6), 128-134. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Chen, L.; Wu, D.; Shen, C. Exploring the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Wind Environment Simulation in the Layout of Port Operation Areas. Am. J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 2023, 8(6), 128-134. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Chen L, Wu D, Shen C. Exploring the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Wind Environment Simulation in the Layout of Port Operation Areas. Am J Traffic Transp Eng. 2023;8(6):128-134. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11,
  author = {Lixiong Chen and Dongkui Wu and Chun Shen},
  title = {Exploring the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Wind Environment Simulation in the Layout of Port Operation Areas},
  journal = {American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {6},
  pages = {128-134},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtte.20230806.11},
  abstract = {The wind environment in port areas not only affects port planning and layout but also constrains the navigation time window during operations. During the engineering certification process for port construction, typically only monthly and yearly climatic characteristics of hydrological and meteorological conditions, as well as statistical conclusions on the main weather systems causing high winds and waves in the region, can be considered. These data alone cannot represent the wind and wave distribution in specific operational areas. Sometimes, it is necessary to refer to the wind and wave characteristics of the operational waters for specific port operation point selection. In such cases, remote sensing or simulation techniques, such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), are used to infer the wind and wave distribution characteristics. Taking Shanghai Yangshan Deepwater Port as an example, the design of the pilot boarding point for strong winds and waves is located near the main channel, providing limited protection against high winds and waves. On average, there are 11.9 instances of pilot traffic control caused by high winds and waves each year. To mitigate the impact of severe weather on port operations, it is proposed to move the temporary boarding point for pilots in strong winds and waves westward to the east gate closer to the port area. Traditional hydrological and meteorological statistical data cannot support the selection of the new area, so it was decided to use CFD technology to simulate the wind environment in the relevant island and reef area and analyze the wind field distribution under different wind directions. Combined with the three-year statistical data from the meteorological station on Xiaoyangshan Island, a new area for the temporary pilot boarding point was selected. The CFD wind environment simulation results provided the primary technical support for determining the reference area.
},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exploring the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Wind Environment Simulation in the Layout of Port Operation Areas
AU  - Lixiong Chen
AU  - Dongkui Wu
AU  - Chun Shen
Y1  - 2023/11/11
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11
T2  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
SP  - 128
EP  - 134
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8604
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230806.11
AB  - The wind environment in port areas not only affects port planning and layout but also constrains the navigation time window during operations. During the engineering certification process for port construction, typically only monthly and yearly climatic characteristics of hydrological and meteorological conditions, as well as statistical conclusions on the main weather systems causing high winds and waves in the region, can be considered. These data alone cannot represent the wind and wave distribution in specific operational areas. Sometimes, it is necessary to refer to the wind and wave characteristics of the operational waters for specific port operation point selection. In such cases, remote sensing or simulation techniques, such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), are used to infer the wind and wave distribution characteristics. Taking Shanghai Yangshan Deepwater Port as an example, the design of the pilot boarding point for strong winds and waves is located near the main channel, providing limited protection against high winds and waves. On average, there are 11.9 instances of pilot traffic control caused by high winds and waves each year. To mitigate the impact of severe weather on port operations, it is proposed to move the temporary boarding point for pilots in strong winds and waves westward to the east gate closer to the port area. Traditional hydrological and meteorological statistical data cannot support the selection of the new area, so it was decided to use CFD technology to simulate the wind environment in the relevant island and reef area and analyze the wind field distribution under different wind directions. Combined with the three-year statistical data from the meteorological station on Xiaoyangshan Island, a new area for the temporary pilot boarding point was selected. The CFD wind environment simulation results provided the primary technical support for determining the reference area.

VL  - 8
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download