Prevalence of Tuberculosis by GeneXpert Method in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital, Jumla, Nepal

Bibek Pun Magar; Niresh Thapa; Elisha Rana; Keshav Raj Joshi; Narayani Maharjan; Binita Bista

doi:doi:10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13

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Prevalence of Tuberculosis by GeneXpert Method in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital, Jumla, Nepal

Bibek Pun Magar, Niresh Thapa, Elisha Rana, Keshav Raj Joshi, Narayani Maharjan, Binita Bista

Published in Biomedical Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 3)

Received: 27 July 2020 Accepted: 8 August 2020 Published: 20 August 2020

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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease that is a major public health problem and one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Globally, an estimated 10 million people fell ill with TB in 2018. The population of Nepal accounts for 0.45% of the global TB cases. GeneXpert is a molecular test method for TB which detects the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as tests for resistance to drug rifampicin. The study aimed to find the prevalence of TB in the rural areas of Karnali province, Jumla. This retrospective cross-sectional study was done in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital (KAHS-TH), Jumla. Required data was retrieved from the Laboratory record and medical record section. The data was collected and analyzed by SPSS version 16. Altogether 805 individuals were screened from December 2017 to May 2020. Among them, 96 (11.9%) were infected with TB in which 4 (4.16%) were rifampicin-resistant. Out of the total, 457 males screened for TB where 67 (14.66%) were positive for TB in which 2 (2.98%) were rifampicin-resistant and among 348 females screened 29 (8.33%) were positive for TB in which 2 (6.89%) were rifampicin-resistant. The highest prevalence of 20.63% was observed in the age group of 21–30 years. The study suggests TB infection is lower in Jumla as compared to the overall prevalence of Nepal and helps to identify the high-risk group of TB infection. It also implies increasing the GeneXpert test for a large population, which may help in future TB control programs in Jumla and similar geographical area.

Published in	Biomedical Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13
Page(s)	56-60
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

GeneXpert, Prevalence, Rifampicin-Resistant, Tuberculosis

References

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[4]	WHO. (2019) WHO TB Report. WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data World, 7.
[5]	World Health Organization (WHO). Millions more with Tuberculosis (TB) diagnosed and treated.
[6]	Center of Disease Control. (2013) A New Tool to Diagnose Tuberculosis: The Xpert MTB / RIF Assay. Cdc, 2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.08.009.
[7]	Boehme, C. C., Nabeta, P., Hillemann, D., Nicol, M. P., Shenai, S., Krapp, F. et al. (2010) Rapid Molecular Detection of Tuberculosis and Rifampin Resistance. Noticias Jurídicas, 363, 1005–15. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0907847.
[8]	World Health Organization. (2018) Global tuberculosis report 2018. World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/iris/handle/10665/274453.
[9]	Organization, W. H. (2011) Automated real-time nucleic acid amplification technology for simultaneous and rapid detection of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance: Xpert MTB/RIF. Policy Statement WHO/HTM/TB/20114 Geneva.
[10]	Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population. (2018) Annual Report 2018, National Tuberculosis Program, Nepal. Nepal Tuberculosis Center, Nepal, 75, 1–106. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004.
[11]	Gebrecherkos, T., Gelaw, B. and Tessema, B. (2016) Smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV co-infection in prison settings of North Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Public Health, BMC Public Health. 16, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3761-y.
[12]	Mama, M., Manilal, A., Tesfa, H., Mohammed, H. and Erbo, E. (2018) Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Associated Factors Among HIV Positive Patients Attending Antiretroviral Therapy Clinic at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. The Open Microbiology Journal, 12, 163–71. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874285801812010163.
[13]	Sinshaw, W., Kebede, A., Bitew, A., Tesfaye, E., Tadesse, M., Mehamed, Z. et al. (2019) Prevalence of tuberculosis, multidrug resistant tuberculosis and associated risk factors among smear negative presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Infectious Diseases, BMC Infectious Diseases. 19, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4241-7.
[14]	Thapa, A., Gurung, P. and Ghimire, G. R. (2017) Evaluation of Gene Xpert Mtb/Rif Assay for the Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Sputum of Patients Suspected of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Visiting National Tuberculosis Centre, Thimi, Bhaktapur, Nepal. SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS, 13, 16–22. https://doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v13i1.16924.
[15]	Jaleta, K. N., Gizachew, M., Gelaw, B., Tesfa, H., Getaneh, A. and Biadgo, B. (2017) Rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among tuberculosis-presumptive cases at University of Gondar Hospital, northwest Ethiopia. 185–92.
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[17]	NTC. (2016) National Strategic Plan for Tuberculosis Prevention, Care and Control, 2016-2021. 36.

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Bibek Pun Magar, Niresh Thapa, Elisha Rana, Keshav Raj Joshi, Narayani Maharjan, et al. (2020). Prevalence of Tuberculosis by GeneXpert Method in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital, Jumla, Nepal. Biomedical Sciences, 6(3), 56-60. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13

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ACS Style

Bibek Pun Magar; Niresh Thapa; Elisha Rana; Keshav Raj Joshi; Narayani Maharjan, et al. Prevalence of Tuberculosis by GeneXpert Method in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital, Jumla, Nepal. Biomed. Sci. 2020, 6(3), 56-60. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13

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AMA Style

Bibek Pun Magar, Niresh Thapa, Elisha Rana, Keshav Raj Joshi, Narayani Maharjan, et al. Prevalence of Tuberculosis by GeneXpert Method in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital, Jumla, Nepal. Biomed Sci. 2020;6(3):56-60. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13

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@article{10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13,
  author = {Bibek Pun Magar and Niresh Thapa and Elisha Rana and Keshav Raj Joshi and Narayani Maharjan and Binita Bista},
  title = {Prevalence of Tuberculosis by GeneXpert Method in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital, Jumla, Nepal},
  journal = {Biomedical Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {3},
  pages = {56-60},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bs.20200603.13},
  abstract = {Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease that is a major public health problem and one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Globally, an estimated 10 million people fell ill with TB in 2018. The population of Nepal accounts for 0.45% of the global TB cases. GeneXpert is a molecular test method for TB which detects the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as tests for resistance to drug rifampicin. The study aimed to find the prevalence of TB in the rural areas of Karnali province, Jumla. This retrospective cross-sectional study was done in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital (KAHS-TH), Jumla. Required data was retrieved from the Laboratory record and medical record section. The data was collected and analyzed by SPSS version 16. Altogether 805 individuals were screened from December 2017 to May 2020. Among them, 96 (11.9%) were infected with TB in which 4 (4.16%) were rifampicin-resistant. Out of the total, 457 males screened for TB where 67 (14.66%) were positive for TB in which 2 (2.98%) were rifampicin-resistant and among 348 females screened 29 (8.33%) were positive for TB in which 2 (6.89%) were rifampicin-resistant. The highest prevalence of 20.63% was observed in the age group of 21–30 years. The study suggests TB infection is lower in Jumla as compared to the overall prevalence of Nepal and helps to identify the high-risk group of TB infection. It also implies increasing the GeneXpert test for a large population, which may help in future TB control programs in Jumla and similar geographical area.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence of Tuberculosis by GeneXpert Method in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital, Jumla, Nepal
AU - Bibek Pun Magar
AU - Niresh Thapa
AU - Elisha Rana
AU - Keshav Raj Joshi
AU - Narayani Maharjan
AU - Binita Bista
Y1 - 2020/08/20
PY - 2020
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13
DO - 10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13
T2 - Biomedical Sciences
JF - Biomedical Sciences
JO - Biomedical Sciences
SP - 56
EP - 60
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-3932
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13
AB - Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease that is a major public health problem and one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Globally, an estimated 10 million people fell ill with TB in 2018. The population of Nepal accounts for 0.45% of the global TB cases. GeneXpert is a molecular test method for TB which detects the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as tests for resistance to drug rifampicin. The study aimed to find the prevalence of TB in the rural areas of Karnali province, Jumla. This retrospective cross-sectional study was done in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital (KAHS-TH), Jumla. Required data was retrieved from the Laboratory record and medical record section. The data was collected and analyzed by SPSS version 16. Altogether 805 individuals were screened from December 2017 to May 2020. Among them, 96 (11.9%) were infected with TB in which 4 (4.16%) were rifampicin-resistant. Out of the total, 457 males screened for TB where 67 (14.66%) were positive for TB in which 2 (2.98%) were rifampicin-resistant and among 348 females screened 29 (8.33%) were positive for TB in which 2 (6.89%) were rifampicin-resistant. The highest prevalence of 20.63% was observed in the age group of 21–30 years. The study suggests TB infection is lower in Jumla as compared to the overall prevalence of Nepal and helps to identify the high-risk group of TB infection. It also implies increasing the GeneXpert test for a large population, which may help in future TB control programs in Jumla and similar geographical area.
VL - 6
IS - 3
ER -

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Author Information

Bibek Pun Magar

Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal
Niresh Thapa

Department of Emergency, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal
Elisha Rana

Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal
Keshav Raj Joshi

Krown Laboratory, Kathmandu, Nepal
Narayani Maharjan

Program & Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Binita Bista

Department of Nursing, District Health Office, West Rukum, Nepal

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APA Style

Bibek Pun Magar, Niresh Thapa, Elisha Rana, Keshav Raj Joshi, Narayani Maharjan, et al. (2020). Prevalence of Tuberculosis by GeneXpert Method in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital, Jumla, Nepal. Biomedical Sciences, 6(3), 56-60. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13

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ACS Style

Bibek Pun Magar; Niresh Thapa; Elisha Rana; Keshav Raj Joshi; Narayani Maharjan, et al. Prevalence of Tuberculosis by GeneXpert Method in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital, Jumla, Nepal. Biomed. Sci. 2020, 6(3), 56-60. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13

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AMA Style

Bibek Pun Magar, Niresh Thapa, Elisha Rana, Keshav Raj Joshi, Narayani Maharjan, et al. Prevalence of Tuberculosis by GeneXpert Method in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital, Jumla, Nepal. Biomed Sci. 2020;6(3):56-60. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13

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@article{10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13,
  author = {Bibek Pun Magar and Niresh Thapa and Elisha Rana and Keshav Raj Joshi and Narayani Maharjan and Binita Bista},
  title = {Prevalence of Tuberculosis by GeneXpert Method in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital, Jumla, Nepal},
  journal = {Biomedical Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {3},
  pages = {56-60},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20200603.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bs.20200603.13},
  abstract = {Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease that is a major public health problem and one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Globally, an estimated 10 million people fell ill with TB in 2018. The population of Nepal accounts for 0.45% of the global TB cases. GeneXpert is a molecular test method for TB which detects the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as tests for resistance to drug rifampicin. The study aimed to find the prevalence of TB in the rural areas of Karnali province, Jumla. This retrospective cross-sectional study was done in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital (KAHS-TH), Jumla. Required data was retrieved from the Laboratory record and medical record section. The data was collected and analyzed by SPSS version 16. Altogether 805 individuals were screened from December 2017 to May 2020. Among them, 96 (11.9%) were infected with TB in which 4 (4.16%) were rifampicin-resistant. Out of the total, 457 males screened for TB where 67 (14.66%) were positive for TB in which 2 (2.98%) were rifampicin-resistant and among 348 females screened 29 (8.33%) were positive for TB in which 2 (6.89%) were rifampicin-resistant. The highest prevalence of 20.63% was observed in the age group of 21–30 years. The study suggests TB infection is lower in Jumla as compared to the overall prevalence of Nepal and helps to identify the high-risk group of TB infection. It also implies increasing the GeneXpert test for a large population, which may help in future TB control programs in Jumla and similar geographical area.},
 year = {2020}
}

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