The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease

Meng-Si Tian; Xi-Nan Yi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12

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The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease

Meng-Si Tian, Xi-Nan Yi^*

Published in Biomedical Sciences (Volume 10, Issue 1)

Received: 8 February 2024 Accepted: 27 February 2024 Published: 13 March 2024

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Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with progressive loss of memory and cognitive function. Because its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, there is still a lack of understanding of its pathogenesis and effective treatment. Many studies have shown that Mesenchymal stem cells Exosomes (MSCs-Exo) can promote anti-inflammatory, regulate immune function, enhance amyloid (Aβ) degradation, and promote axon growth of nerve cells. Exosomes can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier, and have better biocompatibility and biosafety than nanomaterials, and more diverse ways to carry drugs. Adipose stem cell exosomes can not only treat AD by their own characteristics, but also regulate AD and other neurological diseases as A drug carrier that can efficiently and freely cross the blood-brain barrier: they can effectively reduce Aβ42 plaques and improve the neuronal microenvironment through microglia. In AD model mice, excessive activation of microglia demonstrated the formation of an inflammatory microenvironment in the brain. The inflammatory microenvironment erodes healthy neurons to a certain extent, forcing them to overactivate inflammatory signaling pathways so that they can't function normally, Adipose stem cell exosomes can effectively clear the expression of inflammatory factors in hypoxia-induced AD neuronal model and promote synaptic repair through microRNA/ phosphatase and tensin homolog (miR-223/PTEN) and phosphatidylinositol kinase (PI3K/Akt) pathways. It can promote the polarization of microglia towards anti-inflammatory phenotype and promote neuronal repair. Adipose stem cell exosomes can also be used to improve memory and cognitive dysfunction by alleviating Tau phosphating or delaying hippocampus volume decay, targeting the core pathological mechanism of AD to achieve therapeutic effects. This article mainly introduces the role of MSC exosomes in the pathogenesis and development of AD.

Published in	Biomedical Sciences (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12
Page(s)	6-13
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Exosomes, Alzheimer’s Disease

References

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Tian, M., Yi, X. (2024). The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedical Sciences, 10(1), 6-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12

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Tian, M.; Yi, X. The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomed. Sci. 2024, 10(1), 6-13. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12

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AMA Style

Tian M, Yi X. The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomed Sci. 2024;10(1):6-13. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12

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@article{10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12,
  author = {Meng-Si Tian and Xi-Nan Yi},
  title = {The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease},
  journal = {Biomedical Sciences},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bs.20241001.12},
  abstract = {Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with progressive loss of memory and cognitive function. Because its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, there is still a lack of understanding of its pathogenesis and effective treatment. Many studies have shown that Mesenchymal stem cells Exosomes (MSCs-Exo) can promote anti-inflammatory, regulate immune function, enhance amyloid (Aβ) degradation, and promote axon growth of nerve cells. Exosomes can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier, and have better biocompatibility and biosafety than nanomaterials, and more diverse ways to carry drugs. Adipose stem cell exosomes can not only treat AD by their own characteristics, but also regulate AD and other neurological diseases as A drug carrier that can efficiently and freely cross the blood-brain barrier: they can effectively reduce Aβ42 plaques and improve the neuronal microenvironment through microglia. In AD model mice, excessive activation of microglia demonstrated the formation of an inflammatory microenvironment in the brain. The inflammatory microenvironment erodes healthy neurons to a certain extent, forcing them to overactivate inflammatory signaling pathways so that they can't function normally, Adipose stem cell exosomes can effectively clear the expression of inflammatory factors in hypoxia-induced AD neuronal model and promote synaptic repair through microRNA/ phosphatase and tensin homolog (miR-223/PTEN) and phosphatidylinositol kinase (PI3K/Akt) pathways. It can promote the polarization of microglia towards anti-inflammatory phenotype and promote neuronal repair. Adipose stem cell exosomes can also be used to improve memory and cognitive dysfunction by alleviating Tau phosphating or delaying hippocampus volume decay, targeting the core pathological mechanism of AD to achieve therapeutic effects. This article mainly introduces the role of MSC exosomes in the pathogenesis and development of AD.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease
AU  - Meng-Si Tian
AU  - Xi-Nan Yi
Y1  - 2024/03/13
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12
T2  - Biomedical Sciences
JF  - Biomedical Sciences
JO  - Biomedical Sciences
SP  - 6
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3932
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12
AB  - Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with progressive loss of memory and cognitive function. Because its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, there is still a lack of understanding of its pathogenesis and effective treatment. Many studies have shown that Mesenchymal stem cells Exosomes (MSCs-Exo) can promote anti-inflammatory, regulate immune function, enhance amyloid (Aβ) degradation, and promote axon growth of nerve cells. Exosomes can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier, and have better biocompatibility and biosafety than nanomaterials, and more diverse ways to carry drugs. Adipose stem cell exosomes can not only treat AD by their own characteristics, but also regulate AD and other neurological diseases as A drug carrier that can efficiently and freely cross the blood-brain barrier: they can effectively reduce Aβ42 plaques and improve the neuronal microenvironment through microglia. In AD model mice, excessive activation of microglia demonstrated the formation of an inflammatory microenvironment in the brain. The inflammatory microenvironment erodes healthy neurons to a certain extent, forcing them to overactivate inflammatory signaling pathways so that they can't function normally, Adipose stem cell exosomes can effectively clear the expression of inflammatory factors in hypoxia-induced AD neuronal model and promote synaptic repair through microRNA/ phosphatase and tensin homolog (miR-223/PTEN) and phosphatidylinositol kinase (PI3K/Akt) pathways. It can promote the polarization of microglia towards anti-inflammatory phenotype and promote neuronal repair. Adipose stem cell exosomes can also be used to improve memory and cognitive dysfunction by alleviating Tau phosphating or delaying hippocampus volume decay, targeting the core pathological mechanism of AD to achieve therapeutic effects. This article mainly introduces the role of MSC exosomes in the pathogenesis and development of AD.

VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Meng-Si Tian

Engineering Research Center of Tropical Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research and Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
Xi-Nan Yi

Engineering Research Center of Tropical Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research and Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China; Department of Anatomy and Department of Neurology of the First Afliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China

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Tian, M., Yi, X. (2024). The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedical Sciences, 10(1), 6-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12

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ACS Style

Tian, M.; Yi, X. The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomed. Sci. 2024, 10(1), 6-13. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12

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AMA Style

Tian M, Yi X. The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomed Sci. 2024;10(1):6-13. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12

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@article{10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12,
  author = {Meng-Si Tian and Xi-Nan Yi},
  title = {The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease},
  journal = {Biomedical Sciences},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bs.20241001.12},
  abstract = {Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with progressive loss of memory and cognitive function. Because its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, there is still a lack of understanding of its pathogenesis and effective treatment. Many studies have shown that Mesenchymal stem cells Exosomes (MSCs-Exo) can promote anti-inflammatory, regulate immune function, enhance amyloid (Aβ) degradation, and promote axon growth of nerve cells. Exosomes can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier, and have better biocompatibility and biosafety than nanomaterials, and more diverse ways to carry drugs. Adipose stem cell exosomes can not only treat AD by their own characteristics, but also regulate AD and other neurological diseases as A drug carrier that can efficiently and freely cross the blood-brain barrier: they can effectively reduce Aβ42 plaques and improve the neuronal microenvironment through microglia. In AD model mice, excessive activation of microglia demonstrated the formation of an inflammatory microenvironment in the brain. The inflammatory microenvironment erodes healthy neurons to a certain extent, forcing them to overactivate inflammatory signaling pathways so that they can't function normally, Adipose stem cell exosomes can effectively clear the expression of inflammatory factors in hypoxia-induced AD neuronal model and promote synaptic repair through microRNA/ phosphatase and tensin homolog (miR-223/PTEN) and phosphatidylinositol kinase (PI3K/Akt) pathways. It can promote the polarization of microglia towards anti-inflammatory phenotype and promote neuronal repair. Adipose stem cell exosomes can also be used to improve memory and cognitive dysfunction by alleviating Tau phosphating or delaying hippocampus volume decay, targeting the core pathological mechanism of AD to achieve therapeutic effects. This article mainly introduces the role of MSC exosomes in the pathogenesis and development of AD.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease
AU  - Meng-Si Tian
AU  - Xi-Nan Yi
Y1  - 2024/03/13
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12
T2  - Biomedical Sciences
JF  - Biomedical Sciences
JO  - Biomedical Sciences
SP  - 6
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3932
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20241001.12
AB  - Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with progressive loss of memory and cognitive function. Because its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, there is still a lack of understanding of its pathogenesis and effective treatment. Many studies have shown that Mesenchymal stem cells Exosomes (MSCs-Exo) can promote anti-inflammatory, regulate immune function, enhance amyloid (Aβ) degradation, and promote axon growth of nerve cells. Exosomes can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier, and have better biocompatibility and biosafety than nanomaterials, and more diverse ways to carry drugs. Adipose stem cell exosomes can not only treat AD by their own characteristics, but also regulate AD and other neurological diseases as A drug carrier that can efficiently and freely cross the blood-brain barrier: they can effectively reduce Aβ42 plaques and improve the neuronal microenvironment through microglia. In AD model mice, excessive activation of microglia demonstrated the formation of an inflammatory microenvironment in the brain. The inflammatory microenvironment erodes healthy neurons to a certain extent, forcing them to overactivate inflammatory signaling pathways so that they can't function normally, Adipose stem cell exosomes can effectively clear the expression of inflammatory factors in hypoxia-induced AD neuronal model and promote synaptic repair through microRNA/ phosphatase and tensin homolog (miR-223/PTEN) and phosphatidylinositol kinase (PI3K/Akt) pathways. It can promote the polarization of microglia towards anti-inflammatory phenotype and promote neuronal repair. Adipose stem cell exosomes can also be used to improve memory and cognitive dysfunction by alleviating Tau phosphating or delaying hippocampus volume decay, targeting the core pathological mechanism of AD to achieve therapeutic effects. This article mainly introduces the role of MSC exosomes in the pathogenesis and development of AD.

VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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