This study was to determine the prevalence rate of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 (HSV-1) among children in Jos metropolis. Herpes simplex virus type-1 is mostly acquired in childhood and is responsible for orolabial ulcers or lesions. Prevalence of oro-facial herpes simplex virus type-1 infection is a common worldwide problem. There is little or no public awareness of herpes simplex virus in Jos, plateau state, Nigeria. A total of 188 samples were collected and analyzed using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit by GeneFront Inc. CA. USA to test for HSV-1 specific glycoprotein IgG. Out of the 188 samples tested, 157 (83.5%) were seropositive. The seroprevalence among male was 86.8%, and female 78.4%. The Age group 6-10 years had the highest prevalence of 88.8% while 0-5yrs had 75.0% which had significant association (P <0.05). This study showed high prevalence of HSV-1, with the highest prevalence in aged 6-10 years which suggests that, HSV-1 is common among school-aged children. HSV-1 infection is acquired during early childhood and therefore age is an important factor in the epidemiology of HSV-1 infection. Further larger studies are needed in North Central Nigeria.
| Published in | Central African Journal of Public Health (Volume 2, Issue 1) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.cajph.20160201.13 |
| Page(s) | 18-21 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1, Seroprevalence, Children, Nigeria
| [1] | Roizman B, Knipe DM and Whitley RJ. Herpes simplex viruses. In Knipe DM, Howley PM, editors. Fields virology. 5th Edition Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; Baltimore, MD, USA. 2007, pp. 2501-2602. |
| [2] | World Health Organization (2013). Herpes simplex virus http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs400/en/Publication details page number 272. |
| [3] | Nahmias AJ and Roizman B. Infection with herpes-simplex viruses 1 and 2. II. N Engl J Med 1973; 289: 719–725. |
| [4] | Corey L, Wald A, Patel R, Sacks SL and Tyring SK. Once-daily valacyclovir to reduce the risk of transmission of genital herpes. N Engl J. Med. 2001, 35 (5): 435-445. |
| [5] | Nellissery JK, R. Szczepaniak C Lamberti and Weller SK. A putative leucine zipper within the HSV-1 UL6 protein is required for portal formation. J. Virol. 2007, 22: 74-78. |
| [6] | Kolokotronis A and Doumas S. Herpes simplex virus infection, with particular reference to the progression and complications of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2006, 12: 1-7. |
| [7] | Farooq AV and Shukla D. Herpes simplex epithelial and stromal keratitis: an epidemiologic update. Surv Ophthalmol, 2012, 57: 448–462. |
| [8] | David, R. Herpes Simplex Virus". Integrative Med. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2012: 165. |
| [9] | Arvin A, Campadelli-fiume G, Mocarski E, Patrick S, Moore SP, Roizman B, Whitley R, and Yamanishi K. Human herpesviruses: biology, therapy, and immunoprophylaxis. Cambridge: Cambridge university press, 2007, 36: pp556-7. |
| [10] | Pepose JS, Keadle TL and Morrison LA. Ocular herpes simplex: changing epidemiology, emerging disease patterns and the potential of vaccine prevention and therapy. Am. J. Ophthal. 2006, 414 (3): 547-557. |
| [11] | Bradley H, Markowitz LE, Gibson T and McQuillan GM. Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type-1 and 2- united states, 1999-2010. J. Infect Dis. 2014, 209 (3): 325-33. |
| [12] | Mucci JJ, Utz VM, Galor A, Feuer W and Jeng BH. Recurrence rates of herpes simplex virus. Keratitis in contact lens and non-contact lens wearers. Eye contact lens, 2009, 35 (4): 185-7. |
| [13] | Simmons, A. Clinical manifestation and treatment considerations of herpes simplex virus infections. J. Infect. Dis. 2002, 186 (sup. 1): 71-77. |
| [14] | Kimberlin, DW. Neonatal herpes simplex infection. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2004, 17 (1): 1-3. |
| [15] | Sternberg MR, Xu F, Kottiri JB, McQuillan MG, Lee KF, Nahmias JA, Berman MS, and Markowitz LE. Trends in herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 Seroprevalence in the United State, J. Med. Virol. 2006, 19: 293. |
| [16] | Kangro HO. Seroprevalence of antibodies to human herpes viruses in England and Hong Kong. J. Med. Virol. 1994, 43: 91-96. |
| [17] | Tunbck P. Prevalence of herpes simplex virus antibodies in childhood and adolescence: a cross-sectional study. J. Med. Virol. 2003, 35: 498-502. |
| [18] | Uuskula, AM, Nygard-Kibur MF, Cowan P, Mayaud RS and French JNR. The burden of infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2: Seroprevalence study in Estonia. J. Virol, 2004, 36: 727-732. |
| [19] | Abdulfatai K,Olonitola OS, Yakubu ES and Sheyin Z. Distribution of Herpes Simplex virus Type 1 IgG antibodies in Kaduna metropolis. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App.Sci. 2013, 2 (11): 143-148. |
| [20] | Arama V, Cercel AS, Vladareanu R, Mihai C, Mihailescu R, Rankin J, Goschin S, Filipescu A, Rafila A, Arama S, Hristea A, Malkin JE, Pimenta JM, Smith SJ. Type-specific herpes simplex virus-1 and herpes simplex virus-2 Seroprevalence in Romania: comparison of prevalence and risk factors in women and men. Int J. Infect. Dis. 2010, 14 S3: e25-31. |
| [21] | Gulen FC, Cicek Z, Kurugol E, Demir O, Ozdemir R, Tanac R and Karatos T. Herpes Simplex Viruses Therapy, J. Med. 2007, 352: 222~226. |
| [22] | Nag S, Sarkar S, Chattopadhyay D, Bhattacharya S, Biswas R and SenGupta M. Seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in HIV Coinfected Individuals in Eastern India with Risk Factor Analysis. Adv. Virol. 2015, 537939: 1-7. |
| [23] | Vittone V, Diefenbach E, Triffett O, Douglas MW, Cunningham AL and Diefenbach RJ. Determination of interactions between tegument proteins of herpes simplex virus type-1. J. Virol. 2006, 79 (15): 9566-9571. |
| [24] | Becker TM, Magder L, Harrison HR, Stewart AJ, Humphrey DD, Hauler J and Nahmias JA. The epidemiology of infection with the human herpes viruses in Navajo children. Am J Epidemiol, 1988, 127: 1071–8. |
| [25] | Isacsohn M, Smetana Z, Rones ZZ, et al. A sero-epidemiological study of herpes virus type 1 and 2 infection in Israel. J Clin Virol. 2002, 24: 85–92. |
| [26] | Wutzler P, Doerr HW, Farber I, Eichhorn U, Helbig B, Sauerbrei A, Brandstädt A, Rabenau HF. Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in selected German populations—relevance for the incidence of genital herpes. J. Med. Virol. 2000, 61: 201-7. |
| [27] | Vyse AJ, Gay NJ, Slomka MJ, Gopal R, Gibbs T, Morgan-Capner P and Brown WD. The burden of infection with HSV-1 and HSV-2 in England and Wales: implications for the changing epidemiology of genital herpes. Sex Transm Infect. 2000, 76: 183–7. |
| [28] | Wagner HU, Van Dyck E, Roggen E, Nunn AJ, Kamali A, Schmid DS, Dobbins JG and Mulder DW. Seroprevalence and Incidence of sexually transmitted diseases in a rural Ugandan population. Int J STD AIDS, 1994, 5: 332–7. |
| [29] | Schaftenaar E, Verjans MGMG, Getu S, McIntyre AJ, Struthers EH, Osterhaus EMDA and, Peter HPR. High Seroprevalence of Human Herpesviruses in HIV-Infected Individuals Attending Primary Healthcare Facilities in Rural South Africa, PLoS ONE, 2014, 9 (6): e99243. |
| [30] | Looker KJ, Magaret AS, May MT, Turner KME, Vickerman P, Gottlieb SL and Newman ML. Global and Regional Estimates of Prevalent and Incident Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infections in 2012. PLoS ONE, 2015, 10 (10): e0140765. |
| [31] | Smith SJ and Robinson NJ. Age-Specific Prevalence of Infection with Herpes Simplex Virus Types 2 and 1: A Global Review, J Infect Dis. 2002, 186: S3-S28. |
| [32] | Kasubi MJ, Nilsen A, Marsden HS, Bergström T, Langeland N and Haarr L. Prevalence of antibodies against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in children and young people in an urban region in Tanzania. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44: 2801–2807. |
| [33] | Shen J, Huang AK, Chao-Yu C, Chen C, Lin T and Huang Y. Seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and 2 in Taiwan and Risk Factor Analysis, 2007. PLoS ONE, 2015, 0 (8): e0134178. |
APA Style
Joseph Aje Anejo-Okopi, Selvyat Ramnan Katnap, Onyemocho Audu, Zakari Hashimu, Julius Ocheme Okojokwu, et al. (2016). The Seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Among Children in Jos, Nigeria. Central African Journal of Public Health, 2(1), 18-21. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20160201.13
ACS Style
Joseph Aje Anejo-Okopi; Selvyat Ramnan Katnap; Onyemocho Audu; Zakari Hashimu; Julius Ocheme Okojokwu, et al. The Seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Among Children in Jos, Nigeria. Cent. Afr. J. Public Health 2016, 2(1), 18-21. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20160201.13
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.cajph.20160201.13,
author = {Joseph Aje Anejo-Okopi and Selvyat Ramnan Katnap and Onyemocho Audu and Zakari Hashimu and Julius Ocheme Okojokwu and Hosea Jwan Zumbes and Michael Audu and Juliet Okechalu and Emeka Uba Ejeliogu},
title = {The Seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Among Children in Jos, Nigeria},
journal = {Central African Journal of Public Health},
volume = {2},
number = {1},
pages = {18-21},
doi = {10.11648/j.cajph.20160201.13},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20160201.13},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cajph.20160201.13},
abstract = {This study was to determine the prevalence rate of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 (HSV-1) among children in Jos metropolis. Herpes simplex virus type-1 is mostly acquired in childhood and is responsible for orolabial ulcers or lesions. Prevalence of oro-facial herpes simplex virus type-1 infection is a common worldwide problem. There is little or no public awareness of herpes simplex virus in Jos, plateau state, Nigeria. A total of 188 samples were collected and analyzed using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit by GeneFront Inc. CA. USA to test for HSV-1 specific glycoprotein IgG. Out of the 188 samples tested, 157 (83.5%) were seropositive. The seroprevalence among male was 86.8%, and female 78.4%. The Age group 6-10 years had the highest prevalence of 88.8% while 0-5yrs had 75.0% which had significant association (P <0.05). This study showed high prevalence of HSV-1, with the highest prevalence in aged 6-10 years which suggests that, HSV-1 is common among school-aged children. HSV-1 infection is acquired during early childhood and therefore age is an important factor in the epidemiology of HSV-1 infection. Further larger studies are needed in North Central Nigeria.},
year = {2016}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - The Seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Among Children in Jos, Nigeria AU - Joseph Aje Anejo-Okopi AU - Selvyat Ramnan Katnap AU - Onyemocho Audu AU - Zakari Hashimu AU - Julius Ocheme Okojokwu AU - Hosea Jwan Zumbes AU - Michael Audu AU - Juliet Okechalu AU - Emeka Uba Ejeliogu Y1 - 2016/09/30 PY - 2016 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20160201.13 DO - 10.11648/j.cajph.20160201.13 T2 - Central African Journal of Public Health JF - Central African Journal of Public Health JO - Central African Journal of Public Health SP - 18 EP - 21 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-5781 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20160201.13 AB - This study was to determine the prevalence rate of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 (HSV-1) among children in Jos metropolis. Herpes simplex virus type-1 is mostly acquired in childhood and is responsible for orolabial ulcers or lesions. Prevalence of oro-facial herpes simplex virus type-1 infection is a common worldwide problem. There is little or no public awareness of herpes simplex virus in Jos, plateau state, Nigeria. A total of 188 samples were collected and analyzed using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit by GeneFront Inc. CA. USA to test for HSV-1 specific glycoprotein IgG. Out of the 188 samples tested, 157 (83.5%) were seropositive. The seroprevalence among male was 86.8%, and female 78.4%. The Age group 6-10 years had the highest prevalence of 88.8% while 0-5yrs had 75.0% which had significant association (P <0.05). This study showed high prevalence of HSV-1, with the highest prevalence in aged 6-10 years which suggests that, HSV-1 is common among school-aged children. HSV-1 infection is acquired during early childhood and therefore age is an important factor in the epidemiology of HSV-1 infection. Further larger studies are needed in North Central Nigeria. VL - 2 IS - 1 ER -
Information
Email: