Evaluation of Malaria Parasitemia Among HIV/AIDS Individuals Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital Treatment Center

Eyong Clinton Achere; Kechia Federick Agem; Tembe Fokunang Estella; Tatang Collins Asaah; Wandum Gangdia Carlson; Agbor Michael Ashu; Mbanya Dora Shu; Fokunang Charles Ntungwen

doi:doi:10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12

Evaluation of Malaria Parasitemia Among HIV/AIDS Individuals Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital Treatment Center

Eyong Clinton Achere, Kechia Federick Agem, Tembe Fokunang Estella, Tatang Collins Asaah, Wandum Gangdia Carlson, Agbor Michael Ashu, Mbanya Dora Shu, Fokunang Charles Ntungwen

Published in Central African Journal of Public Health (Volume 5, Issue 2)

Received: 12 January 2019 Accepted: 14 February 2019 Published: 28 February 2019

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Abstract

Malaria parasitemia and HIV/AIDS coinfection is very common particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where the burden of both infections fall. Therefore, an understanding of how the two infections interact is important for the control of both diseases. In Cameroon some studies have been carried out on the prevalence of malaria parasitemia in HIV with varying results. A high prevalence of malaria parasitemia among these individuals could imply the need for systematic screening and/or treatment of HIV individuals for possible malaria infection hence improving on the care of these individuals. A low prevalence could also imply limiting resources directed towards the diagnosis of malaria in HIV individuals. Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of malaria parasitaemia in HIV/AIDS individuals in Bamenda Regional Hospital (BRH) Treatment Center. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 310 HIV-positive individuals attending the BRH HIV/AIDS Treatment Centre during a period of 3 months from 1st of February to April 30th 2018. Participants’ consent was obtained followed by sociodemographic and other useful data via a standardized questionnaire. Capillary blood samples were collected and malaria parasitaemia determined by blood smear microscopy. Results: An overall malaria parasitemia prevalence of 24.5% was observed in this study with mean parasite density of 150 trophozoites/µL. Malaria parasitemia prevalence was significantly higher in HAART naïve (37.5%) individuals than HAART experienced (23.81%) individuals (p<0.05). The differences in level of parasite density in relation to gender and marital status were statistically significant (p<0.05) while that of the various age groups was not significant (p<0.05). Lower CD4 count levels were significantly related to high density malaria parasitemia (p<0.05). Also the percentage of parasite density >400 trophozoites/µL was higher (80%) in those not using cotrimoxazole prophylaxis than those on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (20%). Hence non- use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis was significantly associated with high density malaria parasitemia (p<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of malaria parasitemia in HIV/AIDS individuals was high in the study area and malaria parasitemia prevalence in HAART naïve individuals was significantly higher than in HAART experienced individuals. Also gender, marital status low CD4 count and non use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis were significantly related to high density malaria parasitemia.

Published in	Central African Journal of Public Health (Volume 5, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12
Page(s)	65-76
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Malaria Parasitemia, HIV/AIDS, HAART, Prevalence

References

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Eyong Clinton Achere, Kechia Federick Agem, Tembe Fokunang Estella, Tatang Collins Asaah, Wandum Gangdia Carlson, et al. (2019). Evaluation of Malaria Parasitemia Among HIV/AIDS Individuals Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital Treatment Center. Central African Journal of Public Health, 5(2), 65-76. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12

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Eyong Clinton Achere; Kechia Federick Agem; Tembe Fokunang Estella; Tatang Collins Asaah; Wandum Gangdia Carlson, et al. Evaluation of Malaria Parasitemia Among HIV/AIDS Individuals Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital Treatment Center. Cent. Afr. J. Public Health 2019, 5(2), 65-76. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12

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Eyong Clinton Achere, Kechia Federick Agem, Tembe Fokunang Estella, Tatang Collins Asaah, Wandum Gangdia Carlson, et al. Evaluation of Malaria Parasitemia Among HIV/AIDS Individuals Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital Treatment Center. Cent Afr J Public Health. 2019;5(2):65-76. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12

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@article{10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12,
  author = {Eyong Clinton Achere and Kechia Federick Agem and Tembe Fokunang Estella and Tatang Collins Asaah and Wandum Gangdia Carlson and Agbor Michael Ashu and Mbanya Dora Shu and Fokunang Charles Ntungwen},
  title = {Evaluation of Malaria Parasitemia Among HIV/AIDS Individuals Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital Treatment Center},
  journal = {Central African Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {65-76},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cajph.20190502.12},
  abstract = {Malaria parasitemia and HIV/AIDS coinfection is very common particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where the burden of both infections fall. Therefore, an understanding of how the two infections interact is important for the control of both diseases. In Cameroon some studies have been carried out on the prevalence of malaria parasitemia in HIV with varying results. A high prevalence of malaria parasitemia among these individuals could imply the need for systematic screening and/or treatment of HIV individuals for possible malaria infection hence improving on the care of these individuals. A low prevalence could also imply limiting resources directed towards the diagnosis of malaria in HIV individuals. Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of malaria parasitaemia in HIV/AIDS individuals in Bamenda Regional Hospital (BRH) Treatment Center. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 310 HIV-positive individuals attending the BRH HIV/AIDS Treatment Centre during a period of 3 months from 1st of February to April 30th 2018. Participants’ consent was obtained followed by sociodemographic and other useful data via a standardized questionnaire. Capillary blood samples were collected and malaria parasitaemia determined by blood smear microscopy. Results: An overall malaria parasitemia prevalence of 24.5% was observed in this study with mean parasite density of 150 trophozoites/µL. Malaria parasitemia prevalence was significantly higher in HAART naïve (37.5%) individuals than HAART experienced (23.81%) individuals (pppp400 trophozoites/µL was higher (80%) in those not using cotrimoxazole prophylaxis than those on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (20%). Hence non- use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis was significantly associated with high density malaria parasitemia (p<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of malaria parasitemia in HIV/AIDS individuals was high in the study area and malaria parasitemia prevalence in HAART naïve individuals was significantly higher than in HAART experienced individuals. Also gender, marital status low CD4 count and non use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis were significantly related to high density malaria parasitemia.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Malaria Parasitemia Among HIV/AIDS Individuals Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital Treatment Center
AU  - Eyong Clinton Achere
AU  - Kechia Federick Agem
AU  - Tembe Fokunang Estella
AU  - Tatang Collins Asaah
AU  - Wandum Gangdia Carlson
AU  - Agbor Michael Ashu
AU  - Mbanya Dora Shu
AU  - Fokunang Charles Ntungwen
Y1  - 2019/02/28
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12
T2  - Central African Journal of Public Health
JF  - Central African Journal of Public Health
JO  - Central African Journal of Public Health
SP  - 65
EP  - 76
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5781
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12
AB  - Malaria parasitemia and HIV/AIDS coinfection is very common particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where the burden of both infections fall. Therefore, an understanding of how the two infections interact is important for the control of both diseases. In Cameroon some studies have been carried out on the prevalence of malaria parasitemia in HIV with varying results. A high prevalence of malaria parasitemia among these individuals could imply the need for systematic screening and/or treatment of HIV individuals for possible malaria infection hence improving on the care of these individuals. A low prevalence could also imply limiting resources directed towards the diagnosis of malaria in HIV individuals. Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of malaria parasitaemia in HIV/AIDS individuals in Bamenda Regional Hospital (BRH) Treatment Center. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 310 HIV-positive individuals attending the BRH HIV/AIDS Treatment Centre during a period of 3 months from 1st of February to April 30th 2018. Participants’ consent was obtained followed by sociodemographic and other useful data via a standardized questionnaire. Capillary blood samples were collected and malaria parasitaemia determined by blood smear microscopy. Results: An overall malaria parasitemia prevalence of 24.5% was observed in this study with mean parasite density of 150 trophozoites/µL. Malaria parasitemia prevalence was significantly higher in HAART naïve (37.5%) individuals than HAART experienced (23.81%) individuals (pppp400 trophozoites/µL was higher (80%) in those not using cotrimoxazole prophylaxis than those on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (20%). Hence non- use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis was significantly associated with high density malaria parasitemia (p<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of malaria parasitemia in HIV/AIDS individuals was high in the study area and malaria parasitemia prevalence in HAART naïve individuals was significantly higher than in HAART experienced individuals. Also gender, marital status low CD4 count and non use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis were significantly related to high density malaria parasitemia.
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Eyong Clinton Achere

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon
Kechia Federick Agem

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon
Tembe Fokunang Estella

Department of Pharmaco-Toxicology & Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Tatang Collins Asaah

Department of Surgery and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Wandum Gangdia Carlson

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon
Agbor Michael Ashu

Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bangante, Bangante, Cameroon
Mbanya Dora Shu

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon
Fokunang Charles Ntungwen

Department of Pharmaco-Toxicology & Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon

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Eyong Clinton Achere, Kechia Federick Agem, Tembe Fokunang Estella, Tatang Collins Asaah, Wandum Gangdia Carlson, et al. (2019). Evaluation of Malaria Parasitemia Among HIV/AIDS Individuals Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital Treatment Center. Central African Journal of Public Health, 5(2), 65-76. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12

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Eyong Clinton Achere; Kechia Federick Agem; Tembe Fokunang Estella; Tatang Collins Asaah; Wandum Gangdia Carlson, et al. Evaluation of Malaria Parasitemia Among HIV/AIDS Individuals Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital Treatment Center. Cent. Afr. J. Public Health 2019, 5(2), 65-76. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12

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AMA Style

Eyong Clinton Achere, Kechia Federick Agem, Tembe Fokunang Estella, Tatang Collins Asaah, Wandum Gangdia Carlson, et al. Evaluation of Malaria Parasitemia Among HIV/AIDS Individuals Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital Treatment Center. Cent Afr J Public Health. 2019;5(2):65-76. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12

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@article{10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12,
  author = {Eyong Clinton Achere and Kechia Federick Agem and Tembe Fokunang Estella and Tatang Collins Asaah and Wandum Gangdia Carlson and Agbor Michael Ashu and Mbanya Dora Shu and Fokunang Charles Ntungwen},
  title = {Evaluation of Malaria Parasitemia Among HIV/AIDS Individuals Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital Treatment Center},
  journal = {Central African Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {65-76},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cajph.20190502.12},
  abstract = {Malaria parasitemia and HIV/AIDS coinfection is very common particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where the burden of both infections fall. Therefore, an understanding of how the two infections interact is important for the control of both diseases. In Cameroon some studies have been carried out on the prevalence of malaria parasitemia in HIV with varying results. A high prevalence of malaria parasitemia among these individuals could imply the need for systematic screening and/or treatment of HIV individuals for possible malaria infection hence improving on the care of these individuals. A low prevalence could also imply limiting resources directed towards the diagnosis of malaria in HIV individuals. Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of malaria parasitaemia in HIV/AIDS individuals in Bamenda Regional Hospital (BRH) Treatment Center. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 310 HIV-positive individuals attending the BRH HIV/AIDS Treatment Centre during a period of 3 months from 1st of February to April 30th 2018. Participants’ consent was obtained followed by sociodemographic and other useful data via a standardized questionnaire. Capillary blood samples were collected and malaria parasitaemia determined by blood smear microscopy. Results: An overall malaria parasitemia prevalence of 24.5% was observed in this study with mean parasite density of 150 trophozoites/µL. Malaria parasitemia prevalence was significantly higher in HAART naïve (37.5%) individuals than HAART experienced (23.81%) individuals (pppp400 trophozoites/µL was higher (80%) in those not using cotrimoxazole prophylaxis than those on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (20%). Hence non- use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis was significantly associated with high density malaria parasitemia (p<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of malaria parasitemia in HIV/AIDS individuals was high in the study area and malaria parasitemia prevalence in HAART naïve individuals was significantly higher than in HAART experienced individuals. Also gender, marital status low CD4 count and non use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis were significantly related to high density malaria parasitemia.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Malaria Parasitemia Among HIV/AIDS Individuals Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital Treatment Center
AU  - Eyong Clinton Achere
AU  - Kechia Federick Agem
AU  - Tembe Fokunang Estella
AU  - Tatang Collins Asaah
AU  - Wandum Gangdia Carlson
AU  - Agbor Michael Ashu
AU  - Mbanya Dora Shu
AU  - Fokunang Charles Ntungwen
Y1  - 2019/02/28
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12
T2  - Central African Journal of Public Health
JF  - Central African Journal of Public Health
JO  - Central African Journal of Public Health
SP  - 65
EP  - 76
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5781
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190502.12
AB  - Malaria parasitemia and HIV/AIDS coinfection is very common particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where the burden of both infections fall. Therefore, an understanding of how the two infections interact is important for the control of both diseases. In Cameroon some studies have been carried out on the prevalence of malaria parasitemia in HIV with varying results. A high prevalence of malaria parasitemia among these individuals could imply the need for systematic screening and/or treatment of HIV individuals for possible malaria infection hence improving on the care of these individuals. A low prevalence could also imply limiting resources directed towards the diagnosis of malaria in HIV individuals. Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of malaria parasitaemia in HIV/AIDS individuals in Bamenda Regional Hospital (BRH) Treatment Center. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 310 HIV-positive individuals attending the BRH HIV/AIDS Treatment Centre during a period of 3 months from 1st of February to April 30th 2018. Participants’ consent was obtained followed by sociodemographic and other useful data via a standardized questionnaire. Capillary blood samples were collected and malaria parasitaemia determined by blood smear microscopy. Results: An overall malaria parasitemia prevalence of 24.5% was observed in this study with mean parasite density of 150 trophozoites/µL. Malaria parasitemia prevalence was significantly higher in HAART naïve (37.5%) individuals than HAART experienced (23.81%) individuals (pppp400 trophozoites/µL was higher (80%) in those not using cotrimoxazole prophylaxis than those on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (20%). Hence non- use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis was significantly associated with high density malaria parasitemia (p<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of malaria parasitemia in HIV/AIDS individuals was high in the study area and malaria parasitemia prevalence in HAART naïve individuals was significantly higher than in HAART experienced individuals. Also gender, marital status low CD4 count and non use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis were significantly related to high density malaria parasitemia.
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
ER  -

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