Investigating Rainstorm Disturbance on Suspended Substance in Coastal Coral Reef Water Based on MODIS Imagery and Field Measurements

Weiqi Chen; Xuelian Meng; Shuisen Chen; Jia Liu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11

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Investigating Rainstorm Disturbance on Suspended Substance in Coastal Coral Reef Water Based on MODIS Imagery and Field Measurements

Weiqi Chen, Xuelian Meng, Shuisen Chen, Jia Liu

Published in Earth Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 2)

Received: 6 August 2017 Accepted: 25 September 2017 Published: 3 February 2018

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Abstract

From July 11-12, 2009, the tropical storm Soudeler swept the study area with a Level 8 wind and disturbed the suspended substance in this coastal area, which may have caused some fatal impact on the health condition of coral reef in Xuwen coral reef coast located in Leizhou Peninsula of South China. In order to evaluate the impact of extreme weather on coral reef, this study applied and validated a TSS model to map the TSS variation based on red and infrared spectral bands of MODIS data through one before-storm and two after-storm images after applying the atmospheric correction of in-water linear regression analysis. By mapping and comparing the changes of TSS values before- and after- tropical storm, this study found substantial increases of TSS concentrations as a mean value of 47.8 mg/L (~3.6 times of mean TSS value before rainstorm) in the area during the passage of tropical storm compared to those under no-storm condition. Besides, the TSS returned back to even lower values five days after the passage of tropical storm as a mean value of 3.6mg/L (~one quarter of mean TSS value (13.4 mg/L) before rainstorm). The conclusion was made that the TSS concentration in estuary and coastal areas under local rainstorm tends to return to a normal level faster (approximately 2.5 days) than under a hurricane [1] or tropical storm as discovered in this study (approximately 5 days). Compared to the less frequent and non-synoptic in-situ field sampling approach, the synoptic and frequent sampling facilitated by frequent remote sensing imagery of MODIS provides an improved assessment of TSS concentration and two-dimensional distribution patterns and is recommended to be used as a valuable tool for frequently monitoring coral reef water quality in coastal water bodies of China and other areas in the world if applicable.

Published in	Earth Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11
Page(s)	42-52
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

MODIS, TSS, Coastal Coral Reef, Tropical Rainstorm, Investigating

References

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APA Style

Weiqi Chen, Xuelian Meng, Shuisen Chen, Jia Liu. (2018). Investigating Rainstorm Disturbance on Suspended Substance in Coastal Coral Reef Water Based on MODIS Imagery and Field Measurements. Earth Sciences, 7(2), 42-52. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11

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ACS Style

Weiqi Chen; Xuelian Meng; Shuisen Chen; Jia Liu. Investigating Rainstorm Disturbance on Suspended Substance in Coastal Coral Reef Water Based on MODIS Imagery and Field Measurements. Earth Sci. 2018, 7(2), 42-52. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11

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AMA Style

Weiqi Chen, Xuelian Meng, Shuisen Chen, Jia Liu. Investigating Rainstorm Disturbance on Suspended Substance in Coastal Coral Reef Water Based on MODIS Imagery and Field Measurements. Earth Sci. 2018;7(2):42-52. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11

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@article{10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11,
  author = {Weiqi Chen and Xuelian Meng and Shuisen Chen and Jia Liu},
  title = {Investigating Rainstorm Disturbance on Suspended Substance in Coastal Coral Reef Water Based on MODIS Imagery and Field Measurements},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {42-52},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20180702.11},
  abstract = {From July 11-12, 2009, the tropical storm Soudeler swept the study area with a Level 8 wind and disturbed the suspended substance in this coastal area, which may have caused some fatal impact on the health condition of coral reef in Xuwen coral reef coast located in Leizhou Peninsula of South China. In order to evaluate the impact of extreme weather on coral reef, this study applied and validated a TSS model to map the TSS variation based on red and infrared spectral bands of MODIS data through one before-storm and two after-storm images after applying the atmospheric correction of in-water linear regression analysis. By mapping and comparing the changes of TSS values before- and after- tropical storm, this study found substantial increases of TSS concentrations as a mean value of 47.8 mg/L (~3.6 times of mean TSS value before rainstorm) in the area during the passage of tropical storm compared to those under no-storm condition. Besides, the TSS returned back to even lower values five days after the passage of tropical storm as a mean value of 3.6mg/L (~one quarter of mean TSS value (13.4 mg/L) before rainstorm). The conclusion was made that the TSS concentration in estuary and coastal areas under local rainstorm tends to return to a normal level faster (approximately 2.5 days) than under a hurricane [1] or tropical storm as discovered in this study (approximately 5 days). Compared to the less frequent and non-synoptic in-situ field sampling approach, the synoptic and frequent sampling facilitated by frequent remote sensing imagery of MODIS provides an improved assessment of TSS concentration and two-dimensional distribution patterns and is recommended to be used as a valuable tool for frequently monitoring coral reef water quality in coastal water bodies of China and other areas in the world if applicable.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Investigating Rainstorm Disturbance on Suspended Substance in Coastal Coral Reef Water Based on MODIS Imagery and Field Measurements
AU  - Weiqi Chen
AU  - Xuelian Meng
AU  - Shuisen Chen
AU  - Jia Liu
Y1  - 2018/02/03
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
SP  - 42
EP  - 52
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11
AB  - From July 11-12, 2009, the tropical storm Soudeler swept the study area with a Level 8 wind and disturbed the suspended substance in this coastal area, which may have caused some fatal impact on the health condition of coral reef in Xuwen coral reef coast located in Leizhou Peninsula of South China. In order to evaluate the impact of extreme weather on coral reef, this study applied and validated a TSS model to map the TSS variation based on red and infrared spectral bands of MODIS data through one before-storm and two after-storm images after applying the atmospheric correction of in-water linear regression analysis. By mapping and comparing the changes of TSS values before- and after- tropical storm, this study found substantial increases of TSS concentrations as a mean value of 47.8 mg/L (~3.6 times of mean TSS value before rainstorm) in the area during the passage of tropical storm compared to those under no-storm condition. Besides, the TSS returned back to even lower values five days after the passage of tropical storm as a mean value of 3.6mg/L (~one quarter of mean TSS value (13.4 mg/L) before rainstorm). The conclusion was made that the TSS concentration in estuary and coastal areas under local rainstorm tends to return to a normal level faster (approximately 2.5 days) than under a hurricane [1] or tropical storm as discovered in this study (approximately 5 days). Compared to the less frequent and non-synoptic in-situ field sampling approach, the synoptic and frequent sampling facilitated by frequent remote sensing imagery of MODIS provides an improved assessment of TSS concentration and two-dimensional distribution patterns and is recommended to be used as a valuable tool for frequently monitoring coral reef water quality in coastal water bodies of China and other areas in the world if applicable.
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Weiqi Chen

Department of Geography and Anthropology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA
Xuelian Meng

Department of Geography and Anthropology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA
Shuisen Chen

Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center for Remote Sensing Big Data Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and GIS Technology Application, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangzhou, China
Jia Liu

Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center for Remote Sensing Big Data Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and GIS Technology Application, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangzhou, China

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APA Style

Weiqi Chen, Xuelian Meng, Shuisen Chen, Jia Liu. (2018). Investigating Rainstorm Disturbance on Suspended Substance in Coastal Coral Reef Water Based on MODIS Imagery and Field Measurements. Earth Sciences, 7(2), 42-52. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11

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ACS Style

Weiqi Chen; Xuelian Meng; Shuisen Chen; Jia Liu. Investigating Rainstorm Disturbance on Suspended Substance in Coastal Coral Reef Water Based on MODIS Imagery and Field Measurements. Earth Sci. 2018, 7(2), 42-52. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11

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AMA Style

Weiqi Chen, Xuelian Meng, Shuisen Chen, Jia Liu. Investigating Rainstorm Disturbance on Suspended Substance in Coastal Coral Reef Water Based on MODIS Imagery and Field Measurements. Earth Sci. 2018;7(2):42-52. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11,
  author = {Weiqi Chen and Xuelian Meng and Shuisen Chen and Jia Liu},
  title = {Investigating Rainstorm Disturbance on Suspended Substance in Coastal Coral Reef Water Based on MODIS Imagery and Field Measurements},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {42-52},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20180702.11},
  abstract = {From July 11-12, 2009, the tropical storm Soudeler swept the study area with a Level 8 wind and disturbed the suspended substance in this coastal area, which may have caused some fatal impact on the health condition of coral reef in Xuwen coral reef coast located in Leizhou Peninsula of South China. In order to evaluate the impact of extreme weather on coral reef, this study applied and validated a TSS model to map the TSS variation based on red and infrared spectral bands of MODIS data through one before-storm and two after-storm images after applying the atmospheric correction of in-water linear regression analysis. By mapping and comparing the changes of TSS values before- and after- tropical storm, this study found substantial increases of TSS concentrations as a mean value of 47.8 mg/L (~3.6 times of mean TSS value before rainstorm) in the area during the passage of tropical storm compared to those under no-storm condition. Besides, the TSS returned back to even lower values five days after the passage of tropical storm as a mean value of 3.6mg/L (~one quarter of mean TSS value (13.4 mg/L) before rainstorm). The conclusion was made that the TSS concentration in estuary and coastal areas under local rainstorm tends to return to a normal level faster (approximately 2.5 days) than under a hurricane [1] or tropical storm as discovered in this study (approximately 5 days). Compared to the less frequent and non-synoptic in-situ field sampling approach, the synoptic and frequent sampling facilitated by frequent remote sensing imagery of MODIS provides an improved assessment of TSS concentration and two-dimensional distribution patterns and is recommended to be used as a valuable tool for frequently monitoring coral reef water quality in coastal water bodies of China and other areas in the world if applicable.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Investigating Rainstorm Disturbance on Suspended Substance in Coastal Coral Reef Water Based on MODIS Imagery and Field Measurements
AU  - Weiqi Chen
AU  - Xuelian Meng
AU  - Shuisen Chen
AU  - Jia Liu
Y1  - 2018/02/03
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
SP  - 42
EP  - 52
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180702.11
AB  - From July 11-12, 2009, the tropical storm Soudeler swept the study area with a Level 8 wind and disturbed the suspended substance in this coastal area, which may have caused some fatal impact on the health condition of coral reef in Xuwen coral reef coast located in Leizhou Peninsula of South China. In order to evaluate the impact of extreme weather on coral reef, this study applied and validated a TSS model to map the TSS variation based on red and infrared spectral bands of MODIS data through one before-storm and two after-storm images after applying the atmospheric correction of in-water linear regression analysis. By mapping and comparing the changes of TSS values before- and after- tropical storm, this study found substantial increases of TSS concentrations as a mean value of 47.8 mg/L (~3.6 times of mean TSS value before rainstorm) in the area during the passage of tropical storm compared to those under no-storm condition. Besides, the TSS returned back to even lower values five days after the passage of tropical storm as a mean value of 3.6mg/L (~one quarter of mean TSS value (13.4 mg/L) before rainstorm). The conclusion was made that the TSS concentration in estuary and coastal areas under local rainstorm tends to return to a normal level faster (approximately 2.5 days) than under a hurricane [1] or tropical storm as discovered in this study (approximately 5 days). Compared to the less frequent and non-synoptic in-situ field sampling approach, the synoptic and frequent sampling facilitated by frequent remote sensing imagery of MODIS provides an improved assessment of TSS concentration and two-dimensional distribution patterns and is recommended to be used as a valuable tool for frequently monitoring coral reef water quality in coastal water bodies of China and other areas in the world if applicable.
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
ER  -

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