Bidzar Marble Tailing Characterization and Potential for Civil Engineering Works Northern Cameroon

David Ikome Lyonga; Christopher Fuanya; Frederic Mounsi; Gazissou Zoulla Flaubert; Aboubakar Abdoul; Tchatchoua Fils Thomas Roger; Setchokbe Hinfene Venceslas; Ngalla Ndi; Andrew Molonga Lyonga; Sidney Tamasang Asangbeh; Beri Sirnsai Fabian; Jean Paul Sep Nlomngan

doi:doi:10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17

Bidzar Marble Tailing Characterization and Potential for Civil Engineering Works Northern Cameroon

David Ikome Lyonga, Christopher Fuanya, Frederic Mounsi, Gazissou Zoulla Flaubert, Aboubakar Abdoul, Tchatchoua Fils Thomas Roger, Setchokbe Hinfene Venceslas, Ngalla Ndi, Andrew Molonga Lyonga, Sidney Tamasang Asangbeh, Beri Sirnsai Fabian, Jean Paul Sep Nlomngan

Published in Earth Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 4)

Received: 30 June 2022 Accepted: 18 July 2022 Published: 26 July 2022

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Abstract

Stockpiling of tailings is a common phenomenon in most mines around the world, though these tailings can be exploited for better usage, little is been done as this is concern. The Bidzar-Bataol area is known for high marble concentration within the sub region and the setting up of cement factories will see an increase in marble tailings stockpile. This study focuses on the characterization of tailings collected from the crushing of marble in Bidzar, North Region of Cameroon. A total of four samples were prepared from a grab sample collected at the mining site. The Bidzar marble tailings were tested on their geo-mechanical properties and compared to that of aggregates used in civil engineering works and other similar study. The investigated properties with their methods in this study are: grain size analysis (NF EN 933-1), specific gravity (NF P 94-054), Los Angelos (NF EN 1097-2), Micro Deval (NF EN 1097-1) and Flakiness Index (NF EN 933-3). The results obtained shows that the tailings are poor but uniformly graded with a Coefficient of Uniformity (C_u) 2.42 and Coefficient of Curvature (C_c) 1.02. Also, aggregate of granular class 10/14 shows average Los Angelos value of 20.18 % and average Micro Deval 16.9 %, making them good for constructions. Similarly, with average specific gravity of 2.71 g/cm³ and average Flakiness Index of 19.63 %, the tailings present good potentials for aggregate used in civil engineering. The tailings of granular class 10/14 mm present excellent results for specific gravity, and a satisfactory result were obtained on the Los Angelos and Micro Deval. It can therefore be concluded that Bidzar marble tailing can potentially serve as conventional aggregate and can be used in construction.

Published in	Earth Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17
Page(s)	214-219
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bidzar, Marble, Tailings, Geo-Mechanics, Civil Engineering, Aggregate

References

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[2]	Belachia, M., & Hebhoub, H. (2011, May). Use of the marble wastes in the hydraulic concrete. In 6th International Advanced Technologies Symposium (IATS’11) (pp. 16-18).
[3]	Ulubeyli, G. C., Bilir, T., & Artir, R. (2016). Durability properties of concrete produced by marble waste as aggregate or mineral additives. Procedia engineering, 161, 543-548.
[4]	Gonfa, L., Quezon, E. T., & Geremew, A. (2020). Experimental study on application of marble waste as conventional aggregate for base course materials. Journal of Civil Engineering, 11 (2).
[5]	Wouatong, A., Kenmoe, O. R. M., Ngapgue, F., Katte, V., & Kamgang, V. (2017). A geological and physico-mechanical characterization of marble of the Bidzar quarry North-Cameroon. Br J Appl Sci Technol, 19 (5), 2-7.
[6]	Penaye, J., Kröner, A., Toteu, S. F., Van Schmus, W. R., & Doumnang, J. C. (2006). Evolution of the Mayo Kebbi region as revealed by zircon dating: an early (ca. 740 Ma) Pan-African magmatic arc in southwestern Chad. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 44 (4-5), 530-542.
[7]	Dawaï, D., Bouchez, J. L., Paquette, J. L., & Tchameni, R. (2013). The Pan-African quartz-syenite of Guider (north-Cameroon): magnetic fabric and U–Pb dating of a late-orogenic emplacement. Precambrian Research, 236, 132-144.
[8]	Njel UO. Contribution à l’étude de l’orogénèse panafricaine. La ceinture volcano-sédimentaire de Poli (Nord Cameroun): lithostratigraphie, paléogéographie, pétrographie, géochimie, minéralisations cuprifères associées. Thèse de l’INPL, Nancy. 1988; 220. French.
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[11]	Toteu SF. Geochemical characterization of the main petrographical and structural units of northern Cameroon: Implications for Pan-African evolution. Journal of African Earth Sciences. 1990; 10: 615-624.
[12]	Aboubakar, A., Manefouet, B. I., Komguep, L. S., Talom, E. T., Foueze, C. R., & Djonthu, Y. L. (2021). Geotechnical characterization of Beka-Gotto rock massif (Adamawa Region-Cameroon) for the use in civil engineering. Journal of Nepal Geological Society, 62, 47-57.
[13]	Benjeddou, O., & Mashaan, N. (2022). Experimental study of the usability of recycling marble waste as aggregate for road construction. Sustainability, 14 (6), 3195.
[14]	Nduka, D., Fagbenle, O. I., Joshua, O., Ogunde, A., & Omuh, I. O. (2018). Comparative analysis of concrete strength utilizing quarry-crushed and locally sourced coarse aggregates. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), 9 (1), 609-617.
[15]	Ajamu, S. O., & Ige, J. A. (2015). Influence of coarse aggregate type and mixing method on properties of concrete made from natural aggregates in ogbomoso oyo state Nigeria. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 5 (7), 426-433.
[16]	Kore Sudarshan D, Vyas A. K. Impact of Marble Waste as Coarse Aggregate on properties of lean cement concrete. Case Studies in Construction Materials http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2016.01.002
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APA Style

David Ikome Lyonga, Christopher Fuanya, Frederic Mounsi, Gazissou Zoulla Flaubert, Aboubakar Abdoul, et al. (2022). Bidzar Marble Tailing Characterization and Potential for Civil Engineering Works Northern Cameroon. Earth Sciences, 11(4), 214-219. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17

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ACS Style

David Ikome Lyonga; Christopher Fuanya; Frederic Mounsi; Gazissou Zoulla Flaubert; Aboubakar Abdoul, et al. Bidzar Marble Tailing Characterization and Potential for Civil Engineering Works Northern Cameroon. Earth Sci. 2022, 11(4), 214-219. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17

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AMA Style

David Ikome Lyonga, Christopher Fuanya, Frederic Mounsi, Gazissou Zoulla Flaubert, Aboubakar Abdoul, et al. Bidzar Marble Tailing Characterization and Potential for Civil Engineering Works Northern Cameroon. Earth Sci. 2022;11(4):214-219. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17

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@article{10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17,
  author = {David Ikome Lyonga and Christopher Fuanya and Frederic Mounsi and Gazissou Zoulla Flaubert and Aboubakar Abdoul and Tchatchoua Fils Thomas Roger and Setchokbe Hinfene Venceslas and Ngalla Ndi and Andrew Molonga Lyonga and Sidney Tamasang Asangbeh and Beri Sirnsai Fabian and Jean Paul Sep Nlomngan},
  title = {Bidzar Marble Tailing Characterization and Potential for Civil Engineering Works Northern Cameroon},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {4},
  pages = {214-219},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20221104.17},
  abstract = {Stockpiling of tailings is a common phenomenon in most mines around the world, though these tailings can be exploited for better usage, little is been done as this is concern. The Bidzar-Bataol area is known for high marble concentration within the sub region and the setting up of cement factories will see an increase in marble tailings stockpile. This study focuses on the characterization of tailings collected from the crushing of marble in Bidzar, North Region of Cameroon. A total of four samples were prepared from a grab sample collected at the mining site. The Bidzar marble tailings were tested on their geo-mechanical properties and compared to that of aggregates used in civil engineering works and other similar study. The investigated properties with their methods in this study are: grain size analysis (NF EN 933-1), specific gravity (NF P 94-054), Los Angelos (NF EN 1097-2), Micro Deval (NF EN 1097-1) and Flakiness Index (NF EN 933-3). The results obtained shows that the tailings are poor but uniformly graded with a Coefficient of Uniformity (Cu) 2.42 and Coefficient of Curvature (Cc) 1.02. Also, aggregate of granular class 10/14 shows average Los Angelos value of 20.18 % and average Micro Deval 16.9 %, making them good for constructions. Similarly, with average specific gravity of 2.71 g/cm3 and average Flakiness Index of 19.63 %, the tailings present good potentials for aggregate used in civil engineering. The tailings of granular class 10/14 mm present excellent results for specific gravity, and a satisfactory result were obtained on the Los Angelos and Micro Deval. It can therefore be concluded that Bidzar marble tailing can potentially serve as conventional aggregate and can be used in construction.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bidzar Marble Tailing Characterization and Potential for Civil Engineering Works Northern Cameroon
AU  - David Ikome Lyonga
AU  - Christopher Fuanya
AU  - Frederic Mounsi
AU  - Gazissou Zoulla Flaubert
AU  - Aboubakar Abdoul
AU  - Tchatchoua Fils Thomas Roger
AU  - Setchokbe Hinfene Venceslas
AU  - Ngalla Ndi
AU  - Andrew Molonga Lyonga
AU  - Sidney Tamasang Asangbeh
AU  - Beri Sirnsai Fabian
AU  - Jean Paul Sep Nlomngan
Y1  - 2022/07/26
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
SP  - 214
EP  - 219
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17
AB  - Stockpiling of tailings is a common phenomenon in most mines around the world, though these tailings can be exploited for better usage, little is been done as this is concern. The Bidzar-Bataol area is known for high marble concentration within the sub region and the setting up of cement factories will see an increase in marble tailings stockpile. This study focuses on the characterization of tailings collected from the crushing of marble in Bidzar, North Region of Cameroon. A total of four samples were prepared from a grab sample collected at the mining site. The Bidzar marble tailings were tested on their geo-mechanical properties and compared to that of aggregates used in civil engineering works and other similar study. The investigated properties with their methods in this study are: grain size analysis (NF EN 933-1), specific gravity (NF P 94-054), Los Angelos (NF EN 1097-2), Micro Deval (NF EN 1097-1) and Flakiness Index (NF EN 933-3). The results obtained shows that the tailings are poor but uniformly graded with a Coefficient of Uniformity (Cu) 2.42 and Coefficient of Curvature (Cc) 1.02. Also, aggregate of granular class 10/14 shows average Los Angelos value of 20.18 % and average Micro Deval 16.9 %, making them good for constructions. Similarly, with average specific gravity of 2.71 g/cm3 and average Flakiness Index of 19.63 %, the tailings present good potentials for aggregate used in civil engineering. The tailings of granular class 10/14 mm present excellent results for specific gravity, and a satisfactory result were obtained on the Los Angelos and Micro Deval. It can therefore be concluded that Bidzar marble tailing can potentially serve as conventional aggregate and can be used in construction.
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

David Ikome Lyonga

Centre for Geological and Mining Research, Institute of Mining and Geological Research, Garoua, Cameroon
Christopher Fuanya

Department of Geology, University of Buea, South West Region, Buea, Cameroon
Frederic Mounsi

Centre for Geological and Mining Research, Institute of Mining and Geological Research, Garoua, Cameroon
Gazissou Zoulla Flaubert

Geotechnical Laboratory, Razel, Garoua, Cameroon
Aboubakar Abdoul

Centre for Geological and Mining Research, Institute of Mining and Geological Research, Garoua, Cameroon
Tchatchoua Fils Thomas Roger

Centre for Geological and Mining Research, Institute of Mining and Geological Research, Garoua, Cameroon
Setchokbe Hinfene Venceslas

Department of Mining Geology, School of Geology and Mining Engineering, University of Ngaoundere, Meiganga, Cameroon
Ngalla Ndi

Cimenteries du Cameroun, Figuil, Cameroon
Andrew Molonga Lyonga

Cimenteries du Cameroun, Figuil, Cameroon
Sidney Tamasang Asangbeh

Cimenteries du Cameroun, Figuil, Cameroon
Beri Sirnsai Fabian

Geotechnical Laboratory, Etablissement Camerounais des Techniciens Associés (ECTA BTP), Yaounde, Cameroon
Jean Paul Sep Nlomngan

Centre for Geological and Mining Research, Institute of Mining and Geological Research, Garoua, Cameroon

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APA Style

David Ikome Lyonga, Christopher Fuanya, Frederic Mounsi, Gazissou Zoulla Flaubert, Aboubakar Abdoul, et al. (2022). Bidzar Marble Tailing Characterization and Potential for Civil Engineering Works Northern Cameroon. Earth Sciences, 11(4), 214-219. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17

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ACS Style

David Ikome Lyonga; Christopher Fuanya; Frederic Mounsi; Gazissou Zoulla Flaubert; Aboubakar Abdoul, et al. Bidzar Marble Tailing Characterization and Potential for Civil Engineering Works Northern Cameroon. Earth Sci. 2022, 11(4), 214-219. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17

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AMA Style

David Ikome Lyonga, Christopher Fuanya, Frederic Mounsi, Gazissou Zoulla Flaubert, Aboubakar Abdoul, et al. Bidzar Marble Tailing Characterization and Potential for Civil Engineering Works Northern Cameroon. Earth Sci. 2022;11(4):214-219. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17

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@article{10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17,
  author = {David Ikome Lyonga and Christopher Fuanya and Frederic Mounsi and Gazissou Zoulla Flaubert and Aboubakar Abdoul and Tchatchoua Fils Thomas Roger and Setchokbe Hinfene Venceslas and Ngalla Ndi and Andrew Molonga Lyonga and Sidney Tamasang Asangbeh and Beri Sirnsai Fabian and Jean Paul Sep Nlomngan},
  title = {Bidzar Marble Tailing Characterization and Potential for Civil Engineering Works Northern Cameroon},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {4},
  pages = {214-219},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20221104.17},
  abstract = {Stockpiling of tailings is a common phenomenon in most mines around the world, though these tailings can be exploited for better usage, little is been done as this is concern. The Bidzar-Bataol area is known for high marble concentration within the sub region and the setting up of cement factories will see an increase in marble tailings stockpile. This study focuses on the characterization of tailings collected from the crushing of marble in Bidzar, North Region of Cameroon. A total of four samples were prepared from a grab sample collected at the mining site. The Bidzar marble tailings were tested on their geo-mechanical properties and compared to that of aggregates used in civil engineering works and other similar study. The investigated properties with their methods in this study are: grain size analysis (NF EN 933-1), specific gravity (NF P 94-054), Los Angelos (NF EN 1097-2), Micro Deval (NF EN 1097-1) and Flakiness Index (NF EN 933-3). The results obtained shows that the tailings are poor but uniformly graded with a Coefficient of Uniformity (Cu) 2.42 and Coefficient of Curvature (Cc) 1.02. Also, aggregate of granular class 10/14 shows average Los Angelos value of 20.18 % and average Micro Deval 16.9 %, making them good for constructions. Similarly, with average specific gravity of 2.71 g/cm3 and average Flakiness Index of 19.63 %, the tailings present good potentials for aggregate used in civil engineering. The tailings of granular class 10/14 mm present excellent results for specific gravity, and a satisfactory result were obtained on the Los Angelos and Micro Deval. It can therefore be concluded that Bidzar marble tailing can potentially serve as conventional aggregate and can be used in construction.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bidzar Marble Tailing Characterization and Potential for Civil Engineering Works Northern Cameroon
AU  - David Ikome Lyonga
AU  - Christopher Fuanya
AU  - Frederic Mounsi
AU  - Gazissou Zoulla Flaubert
AU  - Aboubakar Abdoul
AU  - Tchatchoua Fils Thomas Roger
AU  - Setchokbe Hinfene Venceslas
AU  - Ngalla Ndi
AU  - Andrew Molonga Lyonga
AU  - Sidney Tamasang Asangbeh
AU  - Beri Sirnsai Fabian
AU  - Jean Paul Sep Nlomngan
Y1  - 2022/07/26
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
SP  - 214
EP  - 219
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20221104.17
AB  - Stockpiling of tailings is a common phenomenon in most mines around the world, though these tailings can be exploited for better usage, little is been done as this is concern. The Bidzar-Bataol area is known for high marble concentration within the sub region and the setting up of cement factories will see an increase in marble tailings stockpile. This study focuses on the characterization of tailings collected from the crushing of marble in Bidzar, North Region of Cameroon. A total of four samples were prepared from a grab sample collected at the mining site. The Bidzar marble tailings were tested on their geo-mechanical properties and compared to that of aggregates used in civil engineering works and other similar study. The investigated properties with their methods in this study are: grain size analysis (NF EN 933-1), specific gravity (NF P 94-054), Los Angelos (NF EN 1097-2), Micro Deval (NF EN 1097-1) and Flakiness Index (NF EN 933-3). The results obtained shows that the tailings are poor but uniformly graded with a Coefficient of Uniformity (Cu) 2.42 and Coefficient of Curvature (Cc) 1.02. Also, aggregate of granular class 10/14 shows average Los Angelos value of 20.18 % and average Micro Deval 16.9 %, making them good for constructions. Similarly, with average specific gravity of 2.71 g/cm3 and average Flakiness Index of 19.63 %, the tailings present good potentials for aggregate used in civil engineering. The tailings of granular class 10/14 mm present excellent results for specific gravity, and a satisfactory result were obtained on the Los Angelos and Micro Deval. It can therefore be concluded that Bidzar marble tailing can potentially serve as conventional aggregate and can be used in construction.
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
ER  -

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