Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Selected Areas in Unguwa Uku, Kano Metropolitan, Northwestern Nigeria

Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai; Rabi’u Musa Kutama; Bilkisu Bello Abubakar; Jafaru Muazu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12

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Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Selected Areas in Unguwa Uku, Kano Metropolitan, Northwestern Nigeria

Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai, Rabi’u Musa Kutama, Bilkisu Bello Abubakar, Jafaru Muazu

Published in International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research (Volume 6, Issue 1)

Received: 26 October 2017 Accepted: 25 November 2017 Published: 19 January 2018

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Abstract

Present investigation was carried out on groundwater in Unguwa Uku for water quality parameters during October, 2016. Parameters such as total hardness (TH), alkalinity, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, pH, temperature, chloride, calcium, free CO₂, suspended solids (SS), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolve solids (TDS), colour, and odour were analyzed from five locations. The analysis were carried out using standard analytical methods. The analysis of data reveals that, the value of free CO₂ ranges from 9- 104 mg/L, 36.05- 72.10 mg/L for Calcium, 2-13 NTU for turbidity, 583.59-2065.03mg/L for total hardness 7.1-8.3 for pH, 21.7-23.4°C for temperature, 202-970 mg/L for TDS, 250-305 mg/L for alkalinity, 405-1939µS/cm for conductivities, 5TCU for colour, 111.70-659.51mg/L for suspended solids, 669.03-1255.51mg/L for total suspended solids, 106.57-296.10mg/L for chloride. The results obtained revealed that, the values of alkalinity, TDS, TSS, SS, pH, temperature, colour, odour, free CO₂, and concentrations of Calcium of the water samples analyzed are within the acceptable limits set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standards for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) for the drinking water. The values of electrical conductivity and total hardness are above the maximum permissible limits and may have adverse effects on the human health of the study area. However, not all the values of turbidity and chloride in the samples are within the acceptable limits of WHO and NSDWQ in the drinking water. This paper also recommended that, government and non-governmental agencies should make reasonable effort to control, regulate and educate the people in the study area for proper disposal of domestic effluents.

Published in	International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12
Page(s)	8-12
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Physicochemical Parameters, Conductivity, Analytical Methods, Total Hardness, Suspended Solid

References

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Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai, Rabi’u Musa Kutama, Bilkisu Bello Abubakar, Jafaru Muazu. (2018). Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Selected Areas in Unguwa Uku, Kano Metropolitan, Northwestern Nigeria. International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 6(1), 8-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12

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ACS Style

Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai; Rabi’u Musa Kutama; Bilkisu Bello Abubakar; Jafaru Muazu. Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Selected Areas in Unguwa Uku, Kano Metropolitan, Northwestern Nigeria. Int. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 2018, 6(1), 8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12

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AMA Style

Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai, Rabi’u Musa Kutama, Bilkisu Bello Abubakar, Jafaru Muazu. Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Selected Areas in Unguwa Uku, Kano Metropolitan, Northwestern Nigeria. Int J Biomed Mater Res. 2018;6(1):8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12,
  author = {Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai and Rabi’u Musa Kutama and Bilkisu Bello Abubakar and Jafaru Muazu},
  title = {Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Selected Areas in Unguwa Uku, Kano Metropolitan, Northwestern Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbmr.20180601.12},
  abstract = {Present investigation was carried out on groundwater in Unguwa Uku for water quality parameters during October, 2016. Parameters such as total hardness (TH), alkalinity, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, pH, temperature, chloride, calcium, free CO2, suspended solids (SS), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolve solids (TDS), colour, and odour were analyzed from five locations. The analysis were carried out using standard analytical methods. The analysis of data reveals that, the value of free CO2 ranges from 9- 104 mg/L, 36.05- 72.10 mg/L for Calcium, 2-13 NTU for turbidity, 583.59-2065.03mg/L for total hardness 7.1-8.3 for pH, 21.7-23.4°C for temperature, 202-970 mg/L for TDS, 250-305 mg/L for alkalinity, 405-1939µS/cm for conductivities, 5TCU for colour, 111.70-659.51mg/L for suspended solids, 669.03-1255.51mg/L for total suspended solids, 106.57-296.10mg/L for chloride. The results obtained revealed that, the values of alkalinity, TDS, TSS, SS, pH, temperature, colour, odour, free CO2, and concentrations of Calcium of the water samples analyzed are within the acceptable limits set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standards for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) for the drinking water. The values of electrical conductivity and total hardness are above the maximum permissible limits and may have adverse effects on the human health of the study area. However, not all the values of turbidity and chloride in the samples are within the acceptable limits of WHO and NSDWQ in the drinking water. This paper also recommended that, government and non-governmental agencies should make reasonable effort to control, regulate and educate the people in the study area for proper disposal of domestic effluents.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Selected Areas in Unguwa Uku, Kano Metropolitan, Northwestern Nigeria
AU  - Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai
AU  - Rabi’u Musa Kutama
AU  - Bilkisu Bello Abubakar
AU  - Jafaru Muazu
Y1  - 2018/01/19
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12
T2  - International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
JF  - International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
JO  - International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
SP  - 8
EP  - 12
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7579
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12
AB  - Present investigation was carried out on groundwater in Unguwa Uku for water quality parameters during October, 2016. Parameters such as total hardness (TH), alkalinity, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, pH, temperature, chloride, calcium, free CO2, suspended solids (SS), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolve solids (TDS), colour, and odour were analyzed from five locations. The analysis were carried out using standard analytical methods. The analysis of data reveals that, the value of free CO2 ranges from 9- 104 mg/L, 36.05- 72.10 mg/L for Calcium, 2-13 NTU for turbidity, 583.59-2065.03mg/L for total hardness 7.1-8.3 for pH, 21.7-23.4°C for temperature, 202-970 mg/L for TDS, 250-305 mg/L for alkalinity, 405-1939µS/cm for conductivities, 5TCU for colour, 111.70-659.51mg/L for suspended solids, 669.03-1255.51mg/L for total suspended solids, 106.57-296.10mg/L for chloride. The results obtained revealed that, the values of alkalinity, TDS, TSS, SS, pH, temperature, colour, odour, free CO2, and concentrations of Calcium of the water samples analyzed are within the acceptable limits set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standards for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) for the drinking water. The values of electrical conductivity and total hardness are above the maximum permissible limits and may have adverse effects on the human health of the study area. However, not all the values of turbidity and chloride in the samples are within the acceptable limits of WHO and NSDWQ in the drinking water. This paper also recommended that, government and non-governmental agencies should make reasonable effort to control, regulate and educate the people in the study area for proper disposal of domestic effluents.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai

Department of Chemistry, School of Science Education, Sa’adatu Rimi College of Education, Kumbotso, Nigeria
Rabi’u Musa Kutama

Department of Biology, School of Science Education, Sa’adatu Rimi College of Education, Kumbotso, Nigeria
Bilkisu Bello Abubakar

Department of Biology, School of Science Education, Sa’adatu Rimi College of Education, Kumbotso, Nigeria
Jafaru Muazu

Department of Geography, College of Advance and Remedial Studies, Tudunwada, Nigeria

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APA Style

Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai, Rabi’u Musa Kutama, Bilkisu Bello Abubakar, Jafaru Muazu. (2018). Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Selected Areas in Unguwa Uku, Kano Metropolitan, Northwestern Nigeria. International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 6(1), 8-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12

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ACS Style

Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai; Rabi’u Musa Kutama; Bilkisu Bello Abubakar; Jafaru Muazu. Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Selected Areas in Unguwa Uku, Kano Metropolitan, Northwestern Nigeria. Int. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 2018, 6(1), 8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12

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AMA Style

Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai, Rabi’u Musa Kutama, Bilkisu Bello Abubakar, Jafaru Muazu. Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Selected Areas in Unguwa Uku, Kano Metropolitan, Northwestern Nigeria. Int J Biomed Mater Res. 2018;6(1):8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12,
  author = {Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai and Rabi’u Musa Kutama and Bilkisu Bello Abubakar and Jafaru Muazu},
  title = {Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Selected Areas in Unguwa Uku, Kano Metropolitan, Northwestern Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbmr.20180601.12},
  abstract = {Present investigation was carried out on groundwater in Unguwa Uku for water quality parameters during October, 2016. Parameters such as total hardness (TH), alkalinity, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, pH, temperature, chloride, calcium, free CO2, suspended solids (SS), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolve solids (TDS), colour, and odour were analyzed from five locations. The analysis were carried out using standard analytical methods. The analysis of data reveals that, the value of free CO2 ranges from 9- 104 mg/L, 36.05- 72.10 mg/L for Calcium, 2-13 NTU for turbidity, 583.59-2065.03mg/L for total hardness 7.1-8.3 for pH, 21.7-23.4°C for temperature, 202-970 mg/L for TDS, 250-305 mg/L for alkalinity, 405-1939µS/cm for conductivities, 5TCU for colour, 111.70-659.51mg/L for suspended solids, 669.03-1255.51mg/L for total suspended solids, 106.57-296.10mg/L for chloride. The results obtained revealed that, the values of alkalinity, TDS, TSS, SS, pH, temperature, colour, odour, free CO2, and concentrations of Calcium of the water samples analyzed are within the acceptable limits set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standards for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) for the drinking water. The values of electrical conductivity and total hardness are above the maximum permissible limits and may have adverse effects on the human health of the study area. However, not all the values of turbidity and chloride in the samples are within the acceptable limits of WHO and NSDWQ in the drinking water. This paper also recommended that, government and non-governmental agencies should make reasonable effort to control, regulate and educate the people in the study area for proper disposal of domestic effluents.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Selected Areas in Unguwa Uku, Kano Metropolitan, Northwestern Nigeria
AU  - Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai
AU  - Rabi’u Musa Kutama
AU  - Bilkisu Bello Abubakar
AU  - Jafaru Muazu
Y1  - 2018/01/19
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12
T2  - International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
JF  - International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
JO  - International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
SP  - 8
EP  - 12
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7579
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20180601.12
AB  - Present investigation was carried out on groundwater in Unguwa Uku for water quality parameters during October, 2016. Parameters such as total hardness (TH), alkalinity, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, pH, temperature, chloride, calcium, free CO2, suspended solids (SS), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolve solids (TDS), colour, and odour were analyzed from five locations. The analysis were carried out using standard analytical methods. The analysis of data reveals that, the value of free CO2 ranges from 9- 104 mg/L, 36.05- 72.10 mg/L for Calcium, 2-13 NTU for turbidity, 583.59-2065.03mg/L for total hardness 7.1-8.3 for pH, 21.7-23.4°C for temperature, 202-970 mg/L for TDS, 250-305 mg/L for alkalinity, 405-1939µS/cm for conductivities, 5TCU for colour, 111.70-659.51mg/L for suspended solids, 669.03-1255.51mg/L for total suspended solids, 106.57-296.10mg/L for chloride. The results obtained revealed that, the values of alkalinity, TDS, TSS, SS, pH, temperature, colour, odour, free CO2, and concentrations of Calcium of the water samples analyzed are within the acceptable limits set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standards for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) for the drinking water. The values of electrical conductivity and total hardness are above the maximum permissible limits and may have adverse effects on the human health of the study area. However, not all the values of turbidity and chloride in the samples are within the acceptable limits of WHO and NSDWQ in the drinking water. This paper also recommended that, government and non-governmental agencies should make reasonable effort to control, regulate and educate the people in the study area for proper disposal of domestic effluents.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

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