Seasonal Variability and Wastewater Treatment Efficiency in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja

Samuel Oji Iheukwumere; Philip Ogbonnaya Phil-Eze; Kelechi Friday Nkwocha

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13

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Seasonal Variability and Wastewater Treatment Efficiency in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja

Samuel Oji Iheukwumere, Philip Ogbonnaya Phil-Eze, Kelechi Friday Nkwocha

Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry (Volume 5, Issue 2)

Received: 3 August 2021 Accepted: 16 August 2021 Published: 5 October 2021

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Abstract

The study examined efficiency and seasonal variations in municipal wastewater treatment in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Wastewater treatment data from year 2015 to 2018 were analysed and compared with National Environmental Standard and Regulations Enforcement Agency permissible limit. The data were analysed to determine if seasonal variations exist in the performance of the wastewater treatment plant. The study was undertaken in the wastewater treatment plant located at Wupa, Abuja. The result obtained show that in 2015 a high reduction in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (84.6%) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (85.4%) with excellent pH value (7.3pH, 90.8%) was achieved. In 2016, there was a significantly high level of treatment in Faecal Coliform (99.1%), BOD (93.4%), total suspended solids (TSS) (91.7%), COD (87.6%), and Ammonia (71.5%). In 2017, the level of treatment for BOD, COD and TSS were 97.2%, 95.7% and 95.4% respectively. While in 2018, removal efficiency of BOD was 95.2%, COD 91.6% and TSS 90.6%. The result also revealed that the observed values of the biochemical parameters are considerably lower when compared with the National Environmental Standards, Regulations and Enforcement Agency (NESREA) standards (i.e., p<0.05). The seasonal comparative result shows that the BOD total in dry season is significantly higher compared to the rainy season (t*=-3.553, p=0.001<0.05). The average COD in rainy season is slightly lower compared to that in dry season, and however, statistically insignificant (t*=-1.690, p=0.098). The TSS and pH values in rainy season are slightly and insignificantly lower compared with the values in the dry season. Continuous monitoring is recommended.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Chemistry (Volume 5, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13
Page(s)	31-37
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Wastewater, Wastewater Treatment, Seasonal Variability, Treatment Efficiency

References

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[2]	Longe, E. O. and Ogundipe, A. O (2010). Assessment of wastewater discharge impact from sewage treatment plant on Lagoon water, Lagos Nigeria. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology. 2 (3): 274-282.
[3]	Lukeman, S., Otu, J. A., Saulawa, B. S., and Abubakar, U. A (2011). Appraisal of the wastewater treatment plant at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. http://www.abu.edu.ng/publications/2011-08-08-004334_3067.pdf.
[4]	Saminu, A., Chukwujama, A. I., Dadan-Garba, A., and Namadi, M. M. (2017). Performance Evaluation of Wupa Waste Water Treatment Plant Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER). Vol. 6 (11): 85-90.
[5]	Naidoo, J. (2013). Assessment of the impact of wastewater treatment plant discharges and other anthropogenic variables on river water quality in the ethekwini metropolitan area. (Master of Science Degree Thesis). School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of kwazulu-natal.
[6]	Velusamy, K., and Kannan, J. (2016). Seasonal Variation in Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Sewage Water from Sewage Treatment Plants. Current World Environment. Vol. 11 (3). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.11.3.14.
[7]	Joel, C., kiprop, E. K., and Mwamburi, L. A. (2017). Effect of Seasonal Variation on Performance of Conventional Wastewater Treatment System. Journal of Applied and Environmental Microbiology. Vol. 5 (1). 1-7. DOI: 10.12691/jaem-5-1-1.
[8]	Skoczko, I., Struk-Sokołowska, J., and Ofman, P. (2017). Seasonal changes in Nitrogen, Phosphorus, BOD and COD removal in Bystre Wastewater Treatment Plant. Journal of Ecological Engineering. Volume 18 (4). 185–191. DOI: 10.12911/22998993/74361.
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[11]	Audu, H. A. (2016). Performance evaluation of Wupa sewage treatment plant in FCT; Abuja. Master’s degree thesis. Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
[12]	Dan-Hassan, M. A., Olasehinde, P. I., Amadi, A. N., Yisa, J., and Jacob, J. O. (2012). Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Nitrate Pollution in Groundwater of Abuja, Nigeria. International Journal of Chemistry. Vol. 4 (3). 104-112.
[13]	Vitez, T., Sevcikova, J., and Oppeltova, P. (2012). Evaluation of the Efficiency to Selected Wastewater Treatment Plant, Acta univ.agric.et silvic. Mendel. Brun. 40 (1): 173 -180.
[14]	Ugoh, S. C., Nneji, L. M. and Atoyebi, B. A. (2013). Bacteriological and Physico-Chemical Assessment of Wastewater from Wupa Wastewater Treatment Plant, Abuja. World Rural Observ, 5 (11): 74-79.
[15]	Chukwu M. N. and Oranu C. N. (2018). Performance Assessment of Biological Wastewater Treatment at WUPA Wastewater Treatment Plant, Abuja. Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology (NIJEST), 2 (1) 46–55.
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APA Style

Samuel Oji Iheukwumere, Philip Ogbonnaya Phil-Eze, Kelechi Friday Nkwocha. (2021). Seasonal Variability and Wastewater Treatment Efficiency in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. International Journal of Environmental Chemistry, 5(2), 31-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13

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ACS Style

Samuel Oji Iheukwumere; Philip Ogbonnaya Phil-Eze; Kelechi Friday Nkwocha. Seasonal Variability and Wastewater Treatment Efficiency in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Int. J. Environ. Chem. 2021, 5(2), 31-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13

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AMA Style

Samuel Oji Iheukwumere, Philip Ogbonnaya Phil-Eze, Kelechi Friday Nkwocha. Seasonal Variability and Wastewater Treatment Efficiency in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Int J Environ Chem. 2021;5(2):31-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13,
  author = {Samuel Oji Iheukwumere and Philip Ogbonnaya Phil-Eze and Kelechi Friday Nkwocha},
  title = {Seasonal Variability and Wastewater Treatment Efficiency in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Chemistry},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {31-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijec.20210502.13},
  abstract = {The study examined efficiency and seasonal variations in municipal wastewater treatment in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Wastewater treatment data from year 2015 to 2018 were analysed and compared with National Environmental Standard and Regulations Enforcement Agency permissible limit. The data were analysed to determine if seasonal variations exist in the performance of the wastewater treatment plant. The study was undertaken in the wastewater treatment plant located at Wupa, Abuja. The result obtained show that in 2015 a high reduction in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (84.6%) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (85.4%) with excellent pH value (7.3pH, 90.8%) was achieved. In 2016, there was a significantly high level of treatment in Faecal Coliform (99.1%), BOD (93.4%), total suspended solids (TSS) (91.7%), COD (87.6%), and Ammonia (71.5%). In 2017, the level of treatment for BOD, COD and TSS were 97.2%, 95.7% and 95.4% respectively. While in 2018, removal efficiency of BOD was 95.2%, COD 91.6% and TSS 90.6%. The result also revealed that the observed values of the biochemical parameters are considerably lower when compared with the National Environmental Standards, Regulations and Enforcement Agency (NESREA) standards (i.e., p<0.05). The seasonal comparative result shows that the BOD total in dry season is significantly higher compared to the rainy season (t*=-3.553, p=0.001<0.05). The average COD in rainy season is slightly lower compared to that in dry season, and however, statistically insignificant (t*=-1.690, p=0.098). The TSS and pH values in rainy season are slightly and insignificantly lower compared with the values in the dry season. Continuous monitoring is recommended.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Seasonal Variability and Wastewater Treatment Efficiency in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja
AU  - Samuel Oji Iheukwumere
AU  - Philip Ogbonnaya Phil-Eze
AU  - Kelechi Friday Nkwocha
Y1  - 2021/10/05
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
SP  - 31
EP  - 37
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1460
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13
AB  - The study examined efficiency and seasonal variations in municipal wastewater treatment in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Wastewater treatment data from year 2015 to 2018 were analysed and compared with National Environmental Standard and Regulations Enforcement Agency permissible limit. The data were analysed to determine if seasonal variations exist in the performance of the wastewater treatment plant. The study was undertaken in the wastewater treatment plant located at Wupa, Abuja. The result obtained show that in 2015 a high reduction in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (84.6%) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (85.4%) with excellent pH value (7.3pH, 90.8%) was achieved. In 2016, there was a significantly high level of treatment in Faecal Coliform (99.1%), BOD (93.4%), total suspended solids (TSS) (91.7%), COD (87.6%), and Ammonia (71.5%). In 2017, the level of treatment for BOD, COD and TSS were 97.2%, 95.7% and 95.4% respectively. While in 2018, removal efficiency of BOD was 95.2%, COD 91.6% and TSS 90.6%. The result also revealed that the observed values of the biochemical parameters are considerably lower when compared with the National Environmental Standards, Regulations and Enforcement Agency (NESREA) standards (i.e., p<0.05). The seasonal comparative result shows that the BOD total in dry season is significantly higher compared to the rainy season (t*=-3.553, p=0.001<0.05). The average COD in rainy season is slightly lower compared to that in dry season, and however, statistically insignificant (t*=-1.690, p=0.098). The TSS and pH values in rainy season are slightly and insignificantly lower compared with the values in the dry season. Continuous monitoring is recommended.
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Samuel Oji Iheukwumere

Department of Geography and Meteorology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Philip Ogbonnaya Phil-Eze

Department of Geography, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Kelechi Friday Nkwocha

Department of Geography, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria

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APA Style

Samuel Oji Iheukwumere, Philip Ogbonnaya Phil-Eze, Kelechi Friday Nkwocha. (2021). Seasonal Variability and Wastewater Treatment Efficiency in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. International Journal of Environmental Chemistry, 5(2), 31-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13

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ACS Style

Samuel Oji Iheukwumere; Philip Ogbonnaya Phil-Eze; Kelechi Friday Nkwocha. Seasonal Variability and Wastewater Treatment Efficiency in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Int. J. Environ. Chem. 2021, 5(2), 31-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13

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AMA Style

Samuel Oji Iheukwumere, Philip Ogbonnaya Phil-Eze, Kelechi Friday Nkwocha. Seasonal Variability and Wastewater Treatment Efficiency in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Int J Environ Chem. 2021;5(2):31-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13,
  author = {Samuel Oji Iheukwumere and Philip Ogbonnaya Phil-Eze and Kelechi Friday Nkwocha},
  title = {Seasonal Variability and Wastewater Treatment Efficiency in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Chemistry},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {31-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijec.20210502.13},
  abstract = {The study examined efficiency and seasonal variations in municipal wastewater treatment in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Wastewater treatment data from year 2015 to 2018 were analysed and compared with National Environmental Standard and Regulations Enforcement Agency permissible limit. The data were analysed to determine if seasonal variations exist in the performance of the wastewater treatment plant. The study was undertaken in the wastewater treatment plant located at Wupa, Abuja. The result obtained show that in 2015 a high reduction in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (84.6%) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (85.4%) with excellent pH value (7.3pH, 90.8%) was achieved. In 2016, there was a significantly high level of treatment in Faecal Coliform (99.1%), BOD (93.4%), total suspended solids (TSS) (91.7%), COD (87.6%), and Ammonia (71.5%). In 2017, the level of treatment for BOD, COD and TSS were 97.2%, 95.7% and 95.4% respectively. While in 2018, removal efficiency of BOD was 95.2%, COD 91.6% and TSS 90.6%. The result also revealed that the observed values of the biochemical parameters are considerably lower when compared with the National Environmental Standards, Regulations and Enforcement Agency (NESREA) standards (i.e., p<0.05). The seasonal comparative result shows that the BOD total in dry season is significantly higher compared to the rainy season (t*=-3.553, p=0.001<0.05). The average COD in rainy season is slightly lower compared to that in dry season, and however, statistically insignificant (t*=-1.690, p=0.098). The TSS and pH values in rainy season are slightly and insignificantly lower compared with the values in the dry season. Continuous monitoring is recommended.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Seasonal Variability and Wastewater Treatment Efficiency in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja
AU  - Samuel Oji Iheukwumere
AU  - Philip Ogbonnaya Phil-Eze
AU  - Kelechi Friday Nkwocha
Y1  - 2021/10/05
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
SP  - 31
EP  - 37
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1460
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20210502.13
AB  - The study examined efficiency and seasonal variations in municipal wastewater treatment in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Wastewater treatment data from year 2015 to 2018 were analysed and compared with National Environmental Standard and Regulations Enforcement Agency permissible limit. The data were analysed to determine if seasonal variations exist in the performance of the wastewater treatment plant. The study was undertaken in the wastewater treatment plant located at Wupa, Abuja. The result obtained show that in 2015 a high reduction in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (84.6%) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (85.4%) with excellent pH value (7.3pH, 90.8%) was achieved. In 2016, there was a significantly high level of treatment in Faecal Coliform (99.1%), BOD (93.4%), total suspended solids (TSS) (91.7%), COD (87.6%), and Ammonia (71.5%). In 2017, the level of treatment for BOD, COD and TSS were 97.2%, 95.7% and 95.4% respectively. While in 2018, removal efficiency of BOD was 95.2%, COD 91.6% and TSS 90.6%. The result also revealed that the observed values of the biochemical parameters are considerably lower when compared with the National Environmental Standards, Regulations and Enforcement Agency (NESREA) standards (i.e., p<0.05). The seasonal comparative result shows that the BOD total in dry season is significantly higher compared to the rainy season (t*=-3.553, p=0.001<0.05). The average COD in rainy season is slightly lower compared to that in dry season, and however, statistically insignificant (t*=-1.690, p=0.098). The TSS and pH values in rainy season are slightly and insignificantly lower compared with the values in the dry season. Continuous monitoring is recommended.
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
ER  -

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