Simulation of the Hydraulics and Treatment Performance of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Treating Greywater

James Messo Raude; Benedict Mwavu Mutua; David Ngugi Kamau

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12

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Simulation of the Hydraulics and Treatment Performance of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Treating Greywater

James Messo Raude, Benedict Mwavu Mutua, David Ngugi Kamau

Published in International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology (Volume 3, Issue 2)

Received: 16 March 2018 Accepted: 2 April 2018 Published: 10 May 2018

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Abstract

Constructed wetlands (CWs) have evolved as some of reliable wastewater treatment technologies. Various types of CWs differ in their main design characteristics and in processes responsible for pollutant removal. Classification of CWS is based on the type of vegetation used and hydrological parameters involved and can thus be classified as free water surface or subsurface flow systems. Further, subsurface flow systems can be classified according to flow direction as vertical or horizontal. This study considers horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSFCWs) which introduces the mechanistic, dynamic compartmental model-Constructed Wetlands 2D (CW2D). The model has successfully been utilized to evaluate the performance of vertical flow constructed wetlands and is being tested on HFCWs. An outdoor pilot scale HSFCW system was established in Nakuru, Kenya. CW2D was calibrated, validated and used to simulate hydraulic performance of HSFCW system. The model was used in predicting effluent concentrations of the main greywater pollutants. In general, the results obtained showed a good match with the measured data. CW2D is an effective tool for evaluating the performance of CWs and can provide insights in treatment problems at an existing CW. The same methodology can be used to optimize existing systems.

Published in	International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12
Page(s)	42-50
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Constructed Wetlands, Greywater, Hydraulic, Model, Predict

References

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APA Style

James Messo Raude, Benedict Mwavu Mutua, David Ngugi Kamau. (2018). Simulation of the Hydraulics and Treatment Performance of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Treating Greywater. International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 3(2), 42-50. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12

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ACS Style

James Messo Raude; Benedict Mwavu Mutua; David Ngugi Kamau. Simulation of the Hydraulics and Treatment Performance of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Treating Greywater. Int. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol. 2018, 3(2), 42-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12

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AMA Style

James Messo Raude, Benedict Mwavu Mutua, David Ngugi Kamau. Simulation of the Hydraulics and Treatment Performance of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Treating Greywater. Int J Ecotoxicol Ecobiol. 2018;3(2):42-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12,
  author = {James Messo Raude and Benedict Mwavu Mutua and David Ngugi Kamau},
  title = {Simulation of the Hydraulics and Treatment Performance of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Treating Greywater},
  journal = {International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {42-50},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijee.20180302.12},
  abstract = {Constructed wetlands (CWs) have evolved as some of reliable wastewater treatment technologies. Various types of CWs differ in their main design characteristics and in processes responsible for pollutant removal. Classification of CWS is based on the type of vegetation used and hydrological parameters involved and can thus be classified as free water surface or subsurface flow systems. Further, subsurface flow systems can be classified according to flow direction as vertical or horizontal. This study considers horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSFCWs) which introduces the mechanistic, dynamic compartmental model-Constructed Wetlands 2D (CW2D). The model has successfully been utilized to evaluate the performance of vertical flow constructed wetlands and is being tested on HFCWs. An outdoor pilot scale HSFCW system was established in Nakuru, Kenya. CW2D was calibrated, validated and used to simulate hydraulic performance of HSFCW system. The model was used in predicting effluent concentrations of the main greywater pollutants. In general, the results obtained showed a good match with the measured data. CW2D is an effective tool for evaluating the performance of CWs and can provide insights in treatment problems at an existing CW. The same methodology can be used to optimize existing systems.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Simulation of the Hydraulics and Treatment Performance of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Treating Greywater
AU - James Messo Raude
AU - Benedict Mwavu Mutua
AU - David Ngugi Kamau
Y1 - 2018/05/10
PY - 2018
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12
DO - 10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12
T2 - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JF - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JO - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
SP - 42
EP - 50
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-1735
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12
AB - Constructed wetlands (CWs) have evolved as some of reliable wastewater treatment technologies. Various types of CWs differ in their main design characteristics and in processes responsible for pollutant removal. Classification of CWS is based on the type of vegetation used and hydrological parameters involved and can thus be classified as free water surface or subsurface flow systems. Further, subsurface flow systems can be classified according to flow direction as vertical or horizontal. This study considers horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSFCWs) which introduces the mechanistic, dynamic compartmental model-Constructed Wetlands 2D (CW2D). The model has successfully been utilized to evaluate the performance of vertical flow constructed wetlands and is being tested on HFCWs. An outdoor pilot scale HSFCW system was established in Nakuru, Kenya. CW2D was calibrated, validated and used to simulate hydraulic performance of HSFCW system. The model was used in predicting effluent concentrations of the main greywater pollutants. In general, the results obtained showed a good match with the measured data. CW2D is an effective tool for evaluating the performance of CWs and can provide insights in treatment problems at an existing CW. The same methodology can be used to optimize existing systems.
VL - 3
IS - 2
ER -

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Author Information

James Messo Raude

Department of Soil, Water & Environmental Engineering, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture & Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
Benedict Mwavu Mutua

Division of Planning, Partnership, Research & Innovation, Kibabi University, Bungoma, Kenya
David Ngugi Kamau

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya

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APA Style

James Messo Raude, Benedict Mwavu Mutua, David Ngugi Kamau. (2018). Simulation of the Hydraulics and Treatment Performance of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Treating Greywater. International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 3(2), 42-50. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12

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ACS Style

James Messo Raude; Benedict Mwavu Mutua; David Ngugi Kamau. Simulation of the Hydraulics and Treatment Performance of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Treating Greywater. Int. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol. 2018, 3(2), 42-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12

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AMA Style

James Messo Raude, Benedict Mwavu Mutua, David Ngugi Kamau. Simulation of the Hydraulics and Treatment Performance of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Treating Greywater. Int J Ecotoxicol Ecobiol. 2018;3(2):42-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12,
  author = {James Messo Raude and Benedict Mwavu Mutua and David Ngugi Kamau},
  title = {Simulation of the Hydraulics and Treatment Performance of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Treating Greywater},
  journal = {International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {42-50},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20180302.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijee.20180302.12},
  abstract = {Constructed wetlands (CWs) have evolved as some of reliable wastewater treatment technologies. Various types of CWs differ in their main design characteristics and in processes responsible for pollutant removal. Classification of CWS is based on the type of vegetation used and hydrological parameters involved and can thus be classified as free water surface or subsurface flow systems. Further, subsurface flow systems can be classified according to flow direction as vertical or horizontal. This study considers horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSFCWs) which introduces the mechanistic, dynamic compartmental model-Constructed Wetlands 2D (CW2D). The model has successfully been utilized to evaluate the performance of vertical flow constructed wetlands and is being tested on HFCWs. An outdoor pilot scale HSFCW system was established in Nakuru, Kenya. CW2D was calibrated, validated and used to simulate hydraulic performance of HSFCW system. The model was used in predicting effluent concentrations of the main greywater pollutants. In general, the results obtained showed a good match with the measured data. CW2D is an effective tool for evaluating the performance of CWs and can provide insights in treatment problems at an existing CW. The same methodology can be used to optimize existing systems.},
 year = {2018}
}

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