An Overview of the Impact of Climate Change on Pathogens, Pest of Crops on Sustainable Food Biosecurity

Mbong Annih Grace; Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick; Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan; Manju Evelyn Bih; Ngo Valery Ngo; Mbah James Ajeck; Galega Tangham Bobyiga Prudence; Fokunang Charles Ntungwen

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15

An Overview of the Impact of Climate Change on Pathogens, Pest of Crops on Sustainable Food Biosecurity

Mbong Annih Grace, Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick, Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan, Manju Evelyn Bih, Ngo Valery Ngo, Mbah James Ajeck, Galega Tangham Bobyiga Prudence, Fokunang Charles Ntungwen

Published in International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology (Volume 4, Issue 4)

Received: 25 October 2019 Accepted: 2 December 2019 Published: 10 December 2019

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Abstract

Anthropogenic activities on the environment have intensified in the last century resulting in a devastating increase in greenhouse gases and triggering global climate oscillation. Global food productions have increase significantly by 50% in order to meet the anticipated demand of the world’s population by 2050. The challenges of food production increases are high and even harder if climate change as a global threat is not addressed. In the coming years, there could be more changes in the biosecurity of food crops due to escalating global climate change. The effects of climate change on plant pathogens and the diseases they cause have been reported in some pathosystems. Climatic changes have been predicted to affect pathogen development and survival rates with possible modification of host susceptibility, host-pathogen-vector interaction that could lead to changes in the impact of diseases on food crops. The climate change may affect not only the optimal conditions for infection but also host specificity and mechanisms of plant infection. Changes in the abiotic conditions are known to affect the microclimate surrounding plants and the susceptibility of plants to disease. These changing conditions are expected to affect microbial communities in the soil and canopy pathosystems, with the possibility of altering the beneficial effects of these communities. Since both the pathogens and host plants could be affected by the dramatic changes in the magnitude of disease expression in a given pathosystem, the geographical distribution of particular plant diseases, their economic importance in a given location, and the set of diseases that infect each crop are crucial to understand their etiology and level of virulence. These changes could affect the measures farmers take to efficiently manage these diseases, as well as the feasibility of cropping systems in particular regions. This review examines the effects of changes in temperature, CO₂ and ozone concentrations, precipitation, and drought on the biology of pathogens and their ability to infect plants and survival in natural and agricultural environments. We also underpin the multiple aspects linked to the effects of climate change on crop plant diseases, including the impact of increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO₂ and other gases, and how diseases can change under the alteration of atmospheric gases conditions in the future.

Published in	International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology (Volume 4, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15
Page(s)	114-124
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Food Biosecurity, Crop Loss, Pathosystems, Disease Management, Climate Change, Atmospheric CO₂

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Mbong Annih Grace, Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick, Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan, Manju Evelyn Bih, Ngo Valery Ngo, et al. (2019). An Overview of the Impact of Climate Change on Pathogens, Pest of Crops on Sustainable Food Biosecurity. International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 4(4), 114-124. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15

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ACS Style

Mbong Annih Grace; Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick; Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan; Manju Evelyn Bih; Ngo Valery Ngo, et al. An Overview of the Impact of Climate Change on Pathogens, Pest of Crops on Sustainable Food Biosecurity. Int. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol. 2019, 4(4), 114-124. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15

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AMA Style

Mbong Annih Grace, Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick, Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan, Manju Evelyn Bih, Ngo Valery Ngo, et al. An Overview of the Impact of Climate Change on Pathogens, Pest of Crops on Sustainable Food Biosecurity. Int J Ecotoxicol Ecobiol. 2019;4(4):114-124. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15,
  author = {Mbong Annih Grace and Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick and Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan and Manju Evelyn Bih and Ngo Valery Ngo and Mbah James Ajeck and Galega Tangham Bobyiga Prudence and Fokunang Charles Ntungwen},
  title = {An Overview of the Impact of Climate Change on Pathogens, Pest of Crops on Sustainable Food Biosecurity},
  journal = {International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology},
  volume = {4},
  number = {4},
  pages = {114-124},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijee.20190404.15},
  abstract = {Anthropogenic activities on the environment have intensified in the last century resulting in a devastating increase in greenhouse gases and triggering global climate oscillation. Global food productions have increase significantly by 50% in order to meet the anticipated demand of the world’s population by 2050. The challenges of food production increases are high and even harder if climate change as a global threat is not addressed. In the coming years, there could be more changes in the biosecurity of food crops due to escalating global climate change. The effects of climate change on plant pathogens and the diseases they cause have been reported in some pathosystems. Climatic changes have been predicted to affect pathogen development and survival rates with possible modification of host susceptibility, host-pathogen-vector interaction that could lead to changes in the impact of diseases on food crops. The climate change may affect not only the optimal conditions for infection but also host specificity and mechanisms of plant infection. Changes in the abiotic conditions are known to affect the microclimate surrounding plants and the susceptibility of plants to disease. These changing conditions are expected to affect microbial communities in the soil and canopy pathosystems, with the possibility of altering the beneficial effects of these communities. Since both the pathogens and host plants could be affected by the dramatic changes in the magnitude of disease expression in a given pathosystem, the geographical distribution of particular plant diseases, their economic importance in a given location, and the set of diseases that infect each crop are crucial to understand their etiology and level of virulence. These changes could affect the measures farmers take to efficiently manage these diseases, as well as the feasibility of cropping systems in particular regions. This review examines the effects of changes in temperature, CO2 and ozone concentrations, precipitation, and drought on the biology of pathogens and their ability to infect plants and survival in natural and agricultural environments. We also underpin the multiple aspects linked to the effects of climate change on crop plant diseases, including the impact of increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2 and other gases, and how diseases can change under the alteration of atmospheric gases conditions in the future.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - An Overview of the Impact of Climate Change on Pathogens, Pest of Crops on Sustainable Food Biosecurity
AU  - Mbong Annih Grace
AU  - Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick
AU  - Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan
AU  - Manju Evelyn Bih
AU  - Ngo Valery Ngo
AU  - Mbah James Ajeck
AU  - Galega Tangham Bobyiga Prudence
AU  - Fokunang Charles Ntungwen
Y1  - 2019/12/10
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15
T2  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JF  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JO  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
SP  - 114
EP  - 124
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1735
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15
AB  - Anthropogenic activities on the environment have intensified in the last century resulting in a devastating increase in greenhouse gases and triggering global climate oscillation. Global food productions have increase significantly by 50% in order to meet the anticipated demand of the world’s population by 2050. The challenges of food production increases are high and even harder if climate change as a global threat is not addressed. In the coming years, there could be more changes in the biosecurity of food crops due to escalating global climate change. The effects of climate change on plant pathogens and the diseases they cause have been reported in some pathosystems. Climatic changes have been predicted to affect pathogen development and survival rates with possible modification of host susceptibility, host-pathogen-vector interaction that could lead to changes in the impact of diseases on food crops. The climate change may affect not only the optimal conditions for infection but also host specificity and mechanisms of plant infection. Changes in the abiotic conditions are known to affect the microclimate surrounding plants and the susceptibility of plants to disease. These changing conditions are expected to affect microbial communities in the soil and canopy pathosystems, with the possibility of altering the beneficial effects of these communities. Since both the pathogens and host plants could be affected by the dramatic changes in the magnitude of disease expression in a given pathosystem, the geographical distribution of particular plant diseases, their economic importance in a given location, and the set of diseases that infect each crop are crucial to understand their etiology and level of virulence. These changes could affect the measures farmers take to efficiently manage these diseases, as well as the feasibility of cropping systems in particular regions. This review examines the effects of changes in temperature, CO2 and ozone concentrations, precipitation, and drought on the biology of pathogens and their ability to infect plants and survival in natural and agricultural environments. We also underpin the multiple aspects linked to the effects of climate change on crop plant diseases, including the impact of increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2 and other gases, and how diseases can change under the alteration of atmospheric gases conditions in the future.
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Mbong Annih Grace

Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick

Department of Pharmaco-toxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
Manju Evelyn Bih

Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
Ngo Valery Ngo

Department of Global Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Mbah James Ajeck

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Galega Tangham Bobyiga Prudence

Department of Climate Change, Biodiversity and Conservation, Secretariat General, Ministry of Environment, Protection of Nature, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Fokunang Charles Ntungwen

Department of Pharmaco-toxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaounde, Cameroon

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Mbong Annih Grace, Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick, Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan, Manju Evelyn Bih, Ngo Valery Ngo, et al. (2019). An Overview of the Impact of Climate Change on Pathogens, Pest of Crops on Sustainable Food Biosecurity. International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 4(4), 114-124. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15

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ACS Style

Mbong Annih Grace; Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick; Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan; Manju Evelyn Bih; Ngo Valery Ngo, et al. An Overview of the Impact of Climate Change on Pathogens, Pest of Crops on Sustainable Food Biosecurity. Int. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol. 2019, 4(4), 114-124. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15

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AMA Style

Mbong Annih Grace, Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick, Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan, Manju Evelyn Bih, Ngo Valery Ngo, et al. An Overview of the Impact of Climate Change on Pathogens, Pest of Crops on Sustainable Food Biosecurity. Int J Ecotoxicol Ecobiol. 2019;4(4):114-124. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15,
  author = {Mbong Annih Grace and Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick and Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan and Manju Evelyn Bih and Ngo Valery Ngo and Mbah James Ajeck and Galega Tangham Bobyiga Prudence and Fokunang Charles Ntungwen},
  title = {An Overview of the Impact of Climate Change on Pathogens, Pest of Crops on Sustainable Food Biosecurity},
  journal = {International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology},
  volume = {4},
  number = {4},
  pages = {114-124},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijee.20190404.15},
  abstract = {Anthropogenic activities on the environment have intensified in the last century resulting in a devastating increase in greenhouse gases and triggering global climate oscillation. Global food productions have increase significantly by 50% in order to meet the anticipated demand of the world’s population by 2050. The challenges of food production increases are high and even harder if climate change as a global threat is not addressed. In the coming years, there could be more changes in the biosecurity of food crops due to escalating global climate change. The effects of climate change on plant pathogens and the diseases they cause have been reported in some pathosystems. Climatic changes have been predicted to affect pathogen development and survival rates with possible modification of host susceptibility, host-pathogen-vector interaction that could lead to changes in the impact of diseases on food crops. The climate change may affect not only the optimal conditions for infection but also host specificity and mechanisms of plant infection. Changes in the abiotic conditions are known to affect the microclimate surrounding plants and the susceptibility of plants to disease. These changing conditions are expected to affect microbial communities in the soil and canopy pathosystems, with the possibility of altering the beneficial effects of these communities. Since both the pathogens and host plants could be affected by the dramatic changes in the magnitude of disease expression in a given pathosystem, the geographical distribution of particular plant diseases, their economic importance in a given location, and the set of diseases that infect each crop are crucial to understand their etiology and level of virulence. These changes could affect the measures farmers take to efficiently manage these diseases, as well as the feasibility of cropping systems in particular regions. This review examines the effects of changes in temperature, CO2 and ozone concentrations, precipitation, and drought on the biology of pathogens and their ability to infect plants and survival in natural and agricultural environments. We also underpin the multiple aspects linked to the effects of climate change on crop plant diseases, including the impact of increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2 and other gases, and how diseases can change under the alteration of atmospheric gases conditions in the future.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - An Overview of the Impact of Climate Change on Pathogens, Pest of Crops on Sustainable Food Biosecurity
AU  - Mbong Annih Grace
AU  - Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick
AU  - Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan
AU  - Manju Evelyn Bih
AU  - Ngo Valery Ngo
AU  - Mbah James Ajeck
AU  - Galega Tangham Bobyiga Prudence
AU  - Fokunang Charles Ntungwen
Y1  - 2019/12/10
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15
T2  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JF  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JO  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
SP  - 114
EP  - 124
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1735
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20190404.15
AB  - Anthropogenic activities on the environment have intensified in the last century resulting in a devastating increase in greenhouse gases and triggering global climate oscillation. Global food productions have increase significantly by 50% in order to meet the anticipated demand of the world’s population by 2050. The challenges of food production increases are high and even harder if climate change as a global threat is not addressed. In the coming years, there could be more changes in the biosecurity of food crops due to escalating global climate change. The effects of climate change on plant pathogens and the diseases they cause have been reported in some pathosystems. Climatic changes have been predicted to affect pathogen development and survival rates with possible modification of host susceptibility, host-pathogen-vector interaction that could lead to changes in the impact of diseases on food crops. The climate change may affect not only the optimal conditions for infection but also host specificity and mechanisms of plant infection. Changes in the abiotic conditions are known to affect the microclimate surrounding plants and the susceptibility of plants to disease. These changing conditions are expected to affect microbial communities in the soil and canopy pathosystems, with the possibility of altering the beneficial effects of these communities. Since both the pathogens and host plants could be affected by the dramatic changes in the magnitude of disease expression in a given pathosystem, the geographical distribution of particular plant diseases, their economic importance in a given location, and the set of diseases that infect each crop are crucial to understand their etiology and level of virulence. These changes could affect the measures farmers take to efficiently manage these diseases, as well as the feasibility of cropping systems in particular regions. This review examines the effects of changes in temperature, CO2 and ozone concentrations, precipitation, and drought on the biology of pathogens and their ability to infect plants and survival in natural and agricultural environments. We also underpin the multiple aspects linked to the effects of climate change on crop plant diseases, including the impact of increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2 and other gases, and how diseases can change under the alteration of atmospheric gases conditions in the future.
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
ER  -

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