Factors Associated With Level of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV/AIDS at Adama Hospital Medical College Art Clinic, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia

Wendwesen Abayneh; Nigusse Obse; Tamene Naba

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11

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Factors Associated With Level of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV/AIDS at Adama Hospital Medical College Art Clinic, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia

Wendwesen Abayneh, Nigusse Obse, Tamene Naba

Published in International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science (Volume 3, Issue 3)

Received: 24 May 2017 Accepted: 28 June 2017 Published: 9 August 2017

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Abstract

Both Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remain major public health problems in Ethiopia. Good adherence to antiretroviral therapy is necessary to achieve the best virological response, lower the risk of treatment failure and drug resistance, and reduce morbidity and mortality. There are many alterable factors known to affect the treatment adherence. In this regard, there have been very limited researches particularly in Adama. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the adherence level and its associated factors among adult people living with HIV and attending their clinical care in Adama Hospital Medical College. A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted from October 1, 2016 - January 30, 2017 G. C in Adama Hospital Medical College among 190 PLWHA on ART. Systematic sampling method was used to select study participants. Data was collected by interviewing the clients and review of their medical records using structured questionnaire and checklist. Data entry and analysis was performed using SPSS for windows version 20.0. Descriptive statics was used to summarize socio-demographic and other variables. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the association between dependent and independent variables. Level of adherence in the week before interview was 92.6. Patients whose initial ART regimen was TDF-3TC-NVP, were 8 times (COR=8.444 (1.678, 42.501)), chance of <95% adherence than patients those started ART with TDF-3TC-EFV regimen. Patients with opportunistic infection were about 8 times (COR=7.593 (2.196, 26.248)) chance of <95% adherence than their counter group respectively. Patients whose waiting time >30 minutes were 8 times (AOR=8.019 (1.161, 55.390)) chance of <95% adherence than their counter group. The level of adherence to ART was relatively higher when compared to others studies done in Ethiopia and other developing countries. But it was sub optimal to WHO adherence level (≥ 95%). The major reasons for missing doses were forgetfulness, away from home (travel) and lack of awareness. The level of adherence was significantly associated with variables like history of opportunistic infection, longer waiting time and starting treatment with TDF-3TC-NVP. This implicates further effort are still needed to push up the adherence to the level of WHO recommendation.

Published in	International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11
Page(s)	22-27
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Adherence, ART, PLWHA, OI

References

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[2]	Asefa T, Taha M, Dejene T, Dube L. Determinants of defaulting from antiretroviral therapy treatment in Nekemte Hospital, Eastern Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia Public Health Research. 2013; 3 (5): 130–135.
[3]	Ekouevi DK, Balestre E, Ba-Gomis FO, et al. Low retention of HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy in 11 clinical centers in West Africa. Trop Med Int Health. 2010; 15 Suppl 1: 34–42.
[4]	Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection, Ministry of Health, Ethiopia; March 2014.
[5]	Meloni ST, Chang C, Chaplin B, et al. Time-Dependent Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up in a Large HIV Treatment Cohort in Nigeria. 2014; 1 (2): ofu 055.
[6]	ART failure and strategies for switching ART regimens, Report of the WHO expert consultation Copenhagen, 7 December 2007.
[7]	Sabate E. Adherence Meeting Report. Geneva, World Health Organization 2001; 1: 1.
[8]	Sibhatu B, Ayalu A. Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Prospects. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2013; 2: 15-38.
[9]	World Health Organization. Global update on HIV treatment 2013: results, impact and opportunities. World Health Organization; 2013. Available from: http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/progressreports/update2013/en/.
[10]	World Health Organization, Adherence to Long-Term Therapies Evidence for Action World Health Organization; 2013; XII: 92-106.
[11]	Abelti E. Determinant Factors Affecting Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV Infected Patients in Addis Ababa; November 2013.
[12]	Asmare M. Level of ART Adherence and Associated Factors among HIV Sero- Positive Adult on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in DebreMarkos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. 2014: 120-126.
[13]	Alagaw A, Godana W, Taha M, Dejene T (2013). Factors Associated with Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence among Adult Patients in Wolaita Soddo Hospital. J Trop Dis 1: 125. doi: 10.4172/2329-891X.1000125.
[14]	Birhanu D. et al. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and associated factors among patients living with HIV/AIDS in Dessie Referral Hospital, Northern Ethiopian. International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research (IJPSR)2014; 5 (09) Sep.
[15]	Abera A, Fenti B, Tesfaye T, Balcha F (2015). Factors Influencing Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among People Living With HIV/AIDS at ART Clinic in Jimma University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. J Pharma Reports 1: 101.
[16]	Letta S. et al. Factors associated with adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) among adult people living with HIV and attending their clinical care, Eastern Ethiopia. BMC International Health and Human Rights 2015; Letta et al. BMC International Health and Human Rights (2015) 15: 33 DOI 10.1186/s12914-015-0071-x.
[17]	Bikila L. et al. Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy and Associated Factors among People Living with HIV/AIDS at Gobba Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia: Un Institutional based study, 2015.
[18]	Langebeek N, Gisolf EH, Reiss P, Vervoort SC, Hafsteinsdottir TB, et al. (2014) Predictors and correlates of adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) for chronic HIV infection: a meta-analysis. BMC Med 12: 142.

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APA Style

Wendwesen Abayneh, Nigusse Obse, Tamene Naba. (2017). Factors Associated With Level of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV/AIDS at Adama Hospital Medical College Art Clinic, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia. International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science, 3(3), 22-27. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11

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Wendwesen Abayneh; Nigusse Obse; Tamene Naba. Factors Associated With Level of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV/AIDS at Adama Hospital Medical College Art Clinic, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia. Int. J. HIV/AIDS Prev. Educ. Behav. Sci. 2017, 3(3), 22-27. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11

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AMA Style

Wendwesen Abayneh, Nigusse Obse, Tamene Naba. Factors Associated With Level of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV/AIDS at Adama Hospital Medical College Art Clinic, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia. Int J HIV/AIDS Prev Educ Behav Sci. 2017;3(3):22-27. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11,
  author = {Wendwesen Abayneh and Nigusse Obse and Tamene Naba},
  title = {Factors Associated With Level of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV/AIDS at Adama Hospital Medical College Art Clinic, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia},
  journal = {International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {22-27},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijhpebs.20170303.11},
  abstract = {Both Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remain major public health problems in Ethiopia. Good adherence to antiretroviral therapy is necessary to achieve the best virological response, lower the risk of treatment failure and drug resistance, and reduce morbidity and mortality. There are many alterable factors known to affect the treatment adherence. In this regard, there have been very limited researches particularly in Adama. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the adherence level and its associated factors among adult people living with HIV and attending their clinical care in Adama Hospital Medical College. A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted from October 1, 2016 - January 30, 2017 G. C in Adama Hospital Medical College among 190 PLWHA on ART. Systematic sampling method was used to select study participants. Data was collected by interviewing the clients and review of their medical records using structured questionnaire and checklist. Data entry and analysis was performed using SPSS for windows version 20.0. Descriptive statics was used to summarize socio-demographic and other variables. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the association between dependent and independent variables. Level of adherence in the week before interview was 92.6. Patients whose initial ART regimen was TDF-3TC-NVP, were 8 times (COR=8.444 (1.678, 42.501)), chance of <95% adherence than patients those started ART with TDF-3TC-EFV regimen. Patients with opportunistic infection were about 8 times (COR=7.593 (2.196, 26.248)) chance of <95% adherence than their counter group respectively. Patients whose waiting time >30 minutes were 8 times (AOR=8.019 (1.161, 55.390)) chance of <95% adherence than their counter group. The level of adherence to ART was relatively higher when compared to others studies done in Ethiopia and other developing countries. But it was sub optimal to WHO adherence level (≥ 95%). The major reasons for missing doses were forgetfulness, away from home (travel) and lack of awareness. The level of adherence was significantly associated with variables like history of opportunistic infection, longer waiting time and starting treatment with TDF-3TC-NVP. This implicates further effort are still needed to push up the adherence to the level of WHO recommendation.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Factors Associated With Level of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV/AIDS at Adama Hospital Medical College Art Clinic, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia
AU - Wendwesen Abayneh
AU - Nigusse Obse
AU - Tamene Naba
Y1 - 2017/08/09
PY - 2017
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11
DO - 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11
T2 - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
JF - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
JO - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
SP - 22
EP - 27
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-5765
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11
AB - Both Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remain major public health problems in Ethiopia. Good adherence to antiretroviral therapy is necessary to achieve the best virological response, lower the risk of treatment failure and drug resistance, and reduce morbidity and mortality. There are many alterable factors known to affect the treatment adherence. In this regard, there have been very limited researches particularly in Adama. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the adherence level and its associated factors among adult people living with HIV and attending their clinical care in Adama Hospital Medical College. A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted from October 1, 2016 - January 30, 2017 G. C in Adama Hospital Medical College among 190 PLWHA on ART. Systematic sampling method was used to select study participants. Data was collected by interviewing the clients and review of their medical records using structured questionnaire and checklist. Data entry and analysis was performed using SPSS for windows version 20.0. Descriptive statics was used to summarize socio-demographic and other variables. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the association between dependent and independent variables. Level of adherence in the week before interview was 92.6. Patients whose initial ART regimen was TDF-3TC-NVP, were 8 times (COR=8.444 (1.678, 42.501)), chance of <95% adherence than patients those started ART with TDF-3TC-EFV regimen. Patients with opportunistic infection were about 8 times (COR=7.593 (2.196, 26.248)) chance of <95% adherence than their counter group respectively. Patients whose waiting time >30 minutes were 8 times (AOR=8.019 (1.161, 55.390)) chance of <95% adherence than their counter group. The level of adherence to ART was relatively higher when compared to others studies done in Ethiopia and other developing countries. But it was sub optimal to WHO adherence level (≥ 95%). The major reasons for missing doses were forgetfulness, away from home (travel) and lack of awareness. The level of adherence was significantly associated with variables like history of opportunistic infection, longer waiting time and starting treatment with TDF-3TC-NVP. This implicates further effort are still needed to push up the adherence to the level of WHO recommendation.
VL - 3
IS - 3
ER -

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Author Information

Wendwesen Abayneh

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Ambo University, Ambo, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Nigusse Obse

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Tamene Naba

Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, SNNP, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Wendwesen Abayneh, Nigusse Obse, Tamene Naba. (2017). Factors Associated With Level of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV/AIDS at Adama Hospital Medical College Art Clinic, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia. International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science, 3(3), 22-27. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11

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ACS Style

Wendwesen Abayneh; Nigusse Obse; Tamene Naba. Factors Associated With Level of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV/AIDS at Adama Hospital Medical College Art Clinic, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia. Int. J. HIV/AIDS Prev. Educ. Behav. Sci. 2017, 3(3), 22-27. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11

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AMA Style

Wendwesen Abayneh, Nigusse Obse, Tamene Naba. Factors Associated With Level of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV/AIDS at Adama Hospital Medical College Art Clinic, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia. Int J HIV/AIDS Prev Educ Behav Sci. 2017;3(3):22-27. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11,
  author = {Wendwesen Abayneh and Nigusse Obse and Tamene Naba},
  title = {Factors Associated With Level of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with HIV/AIDS at Adama Hospital Medical College Art Clinic, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia},
  journal = {International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {22-27},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20170303.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijhpebs.20170303.11},
  abstract = {Both Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remain major public health problems in Ethiopia. Good adherence to antiretroviral therapy is necessary to achieve the best virological response, lower the risk of treatment failure and drug resistance, and reduce morbidity and mortality. There are many alterable factors known to affect the treatment adherence. In this regard, there have been very limited researches particularly in Adama. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the adherence level and its associated factors among adult people living with HIV and attending their clinical care in Adama Hospital Medical College. A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted from October 1, 2016 - January 30, 2017 G. C in Adama Hospital Medical College among 190 PLWHA on ART. Systematic sampling method was used to select study participants. Data was collected by interviewing the clients and review of their medical records using structured questionnaire and checklist. Data entry and analysis was performed using SPSS for windows version 20.0. Descriptive statics was used to summarize socio-demographic and other variables. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the association between dependent and independent variables. Level of adherence in the week before interview was 92.6. Patients whose initial ART regimen was TDF-3TC-NVP, were 8 times (COR=8.444 (1.678, 42.501)), chance of <95% adherence than patients those started ART with TDF-3TC-EFV regimen. Patients with opportunistic infection were about 8 times (COR=7.593 (2.196, 26.248)) chance of <95% adherence than their counter group respectively. Patients whose waiting time >30 minutes were 8 times (AOR=8.019 (1.161, 55.390)) chance of <95% adherence than their counter group. The level of adherence to ART was relatively higher when compared to others studies done in Ethiopia and other developing countries. But it was sub optimal to WHO adherence level (≥ 95%). The major reasons for missing doses were forgetfulness, away from home (travel) and lack of awareness. The level of adherence was significantly associated with variables like history of opportunistic infection, longer waiting time and starting treatment with TDF-3TC-NVP. This implicates further effort are still needed to push up the adherence to the level of WHO recommendation.},
 year = {2017}
}

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