A Quantitative and Comparative Study of Synonyms Between Malaysian “Huayu” and Mandarin

Zhou Lianying

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13

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A Quantitative and Comparative Study of Synonyms Between Malaysian “Huayu” and Mandarin

Zhou Lianying

Published in International Journal of Language and Linguistics (Volume 10, Issue 3)

Received: 12 April 2022 Accepted: 26 April 2022 Published: 10 May 2022

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Abstract

Global Chinese also called global “Huayu” is a unique and valuable language resource in the world. Lexical differences are one of the prominent distinctions among Chinese variants in different Huayu communities, which are manifested in three cases—characteristic words, homographs and synonyms according to the similarities and differences between names and realities. Based on the Grand Global Chinese Dictionary, this paper establishes a database of synonyms among Malaysian Chinese and Mandarin which includes 529 items, and makes a quantitative comparative study on these synonymous words from the following five aspects: distribution of word classes, quantities of sememes, sources of loanwords, correspondence of alternative words and the convergence among Huayu communities. According to the statistics, the synonyms and notional words are mainly nouns, besides there are verbs, adjectives, quantifiers, onomatopoeia, distinguishing words and so on; most of them are monosyllabic words, meanwhile the polysemous words are mainly words with two sememes, and there are a few words with three or four sememes; the loanwords among them are derived from English in quantities, and mainly in the form of transliteration, partial transliteration or semantic transliteration; the quantitative correspondence is mostly one-to-one, and more are shared by two/three/four districts, reflecting the economic and cultural exchanges, language contact and integration of various Huayu communities. This paper shows the overall situation of synonymous words in Malaysian Chinese and Mandarin, which is conducive to breaking the lexical communication barriers in the language communication and will also provide important conditions for the information processing of Malaysian Chinese.

Published in	International Journal of Language and Linguistics (Volume 10, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13
Page(s)	186-191
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Malaysian “Huayu”, Mandarin, Synonymous Words, Difference and Integration

References

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[2]	Xiao Guozheng, 1998, Historical motivation of Chinese development in Singapore and perspective of Chinese form, Chinese construction, No. 12.
[3]	Xu Yingchun, 2006, The study on special words of Singaporean Chinese—taken for instance, Bachelor Dissertation of Jinan University.
[4]	Ye Zhongyang, 2016, Investigation on the diversity of Chinese nouns in Malaysia and its significance, Bachelor Dissertation of Jinan University.
[5]	Zhang Jie, 2019, research on letter words in Malaysian Chinese newspapers and periodicals, Bachelor Dissertation of Liaoning Normal University.
[6]	Chen Zixuan, 2020, The verb "Zhong" in Malaysian spoken Chinese, Modern Communication, No. 9.
[7]	Feng Qian, 2020, Malaysian local textbooks Research on Chinese specific vocabulary, Bachelor Dissertation of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies and foreign trade.
[8]	Wang Shikai & Fang Lei, 2012, Investigation and analysis of synonyms in the global Chinese dictionary, Language Application, No. 4.
[9]	Li Mingze, 2020, Analysis of Malaysian Chinese specific vocabulary--Taking Chinese primary school textbooks < Chinese > and homework books as the research object, Bachelor Dissertation of Nanjing Normal University.
[10]	Song Fei, 2016, A comparative study of regional and national characteristics of Chinese vocabulary in Southeast Asia, Language Application, No. 4.
[11]	Xu Yi & Peng Shuang 2020, Types of vocabulary variations in Malaysian Chinese, Liyun Language Journal, No. 2.
[12]	Peng Jian &Yang Wenquan, 2021, Generation, evolution, contact and integration of new Malaysian Chinese characteristic quantifier "grain", Language Application, No. 1.
[13]	Diao Yanbin, 2015, On the basis and connotation of global Chinese, Global Chinese, No. 1.
[14]	Diao Yanbin, 2018, Theoretical construction and empirical research on global Chinese, Beijing: Chinese teaching press.
[15]	Zhang Zhiyi & Zhang Qingyun, 2012, Lexical semantics (3rd edition), Beijing: Commercial Press.
[16]	Tang Zhixiang, 2005, On regional specific words in Chinese, Language Application, No. 2.

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Zhou Lianying. (2022). A Quantitative and Comparative Study of Synonyms Between Malaysian “Huayu” and Mandarin. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 10(3), 186-191. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13

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Zhou Lianying. A Quantitative and Comparative Study of Synonyms Between Malaysian “Huayu” and Mandarin. Int. J. Lang. Linguist. 2022, 10(3), 186-191. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13

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AMA Style

Zhou Lianying. A Quantitative and Comparative Study of Synonyms Between Malaysian “Huayu” and Mandarin. Int J Lang Linguist. 2022;10(3):186-191. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13,
  author = {Zhou Lianying},
  title = {A Quantitative and Comparative Study of Synonyms Between Malaysian “Huayu” and Mandarin},
  journal = {International Journal of Language and Linguistics},
  volume = {10},
  number = {3},
  pages = {186-191},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijll.20221003.13},
  abstract = {Global Chinese also called global “Huayu” is a unique and valuable language resource in the world. Lexical differences are one of the prominent distinctions among Chinese variants in different Huayu communities, which are manifested in three cases—characteristic words, homographs and synonyms according to the similarities and differences between names and realities. Based on the Grand Global Chinese Dictionary, this paper establishes a database of synonyms among Malaysian Chinese and Mandarin which includes 529 items, and makes a quantitative comparative study on these synonymous words from the following five aspects: distribution of word classes, quantities of sememes, sources of loanwords, correspondence of alternative words and the convergence among Huayu communities. According to the statistics, the synonyms and notional words are mainly nouns, besides there are verbs, adjectives, quantifiers, onomatopoeia, distinguishing words and so on; most of them are monosyllabic words, meanwhile the polysemous words are mainly words with two sememes, and there are a few words with three or four sememes; the loanwords among them are derived from English in quantities, and mainly in the form of transliteration, partial transliteration or semantic transliteration; the quantitative correspondence is mostly one-to-one, and more are shared by two/three/four districts, reflecting the economic and cultural exchanges, language contact and integration of various Huayu communities. This paper shows the overall situation of synonymous words in Malaysian Chinese and Mandarin, which is conducive to breaking the lexical communication barriers in the language communication and will also provide important conditions for the information processing of Malaysian Chinese.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Quantitative and Comparative Study of Synonyms Between Malaysian “Huayu” and Mandarin
AU  - Zhou Lianying
Y1  - 2022/05/10
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13
T2  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
JF  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
JO  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
SP  - 186
EP  - 191
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0221
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13
AB  - Global Chinese also called global “Huayu” is a unique and valuable language resource in the world. Lexical differences are one of the prominent distinctions among Chinese variants in different Huayu communities, which are manifested in three cases—characteristic words, homographs and synonyms according to the similarities and differences between names and realities. Based on the Grand Global Chinese Dictionary, this paper establishes a database of synonyms among Malaysian Chinese and Mandarin which includes 529 items, and makes a quantitative comparative study on these synonymous words from the following five aspects: distribution of word classes, quantities of sememes, sources of loanwords, correspondence of alternative words and the convergence among Huayu communities. According to the statistics, the synonyms and notional words are mainly nouns, besides there are verbs, adjectives, quantifiers, onomatopoeia, distinguishing words and so on; most of them are monosyllabic words, meanwhile the polysemous words are mainly words with two sememes, and there are a few words with three or four sememes; the loanwords among them are derived from English in quantities, and mainly in the form of transliteration, partial transliteration or semantic transliteration; the quantitative correspondence is mostly one-to-one, and more are shared by two/three/four districts, reflecting the economic and cultural exchanges, language contact and integration of various Huayu communities. This paper shows the overall situation of synonymous words in Malaysian Chinese and Mandarin, which is conducive to breaking the lexical communication barriers in the language communication and will also provide important conditions for the information processing of Malaysian Chinese.
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Zhou Lianying

School of Chinese Language and Literature, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China

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APA Style

Zhou Lianying. (2022). A Quantitative and Comparative Study of Synonyms Between Malaysian “Huayu” and Mandarin. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 10(3), 186-191. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13

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ACS Style

Zhou Lianying. A Quantitative and Comparative Study of Synonyms Between Malaysian “Huayu” and Mandarin. Int. J. Lang. Linguist. 2022, 10(3), 186-191. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13

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AMA Style

Zhou Lianying. A Quantitative and Comparative Study of Synonyms Between Malaysian “Huayu” and Mandarin. Int J Lang Linguist. 2022;10(3):186-191. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13,
  author = {Zhou Lianying},
  title = {A Quantitative and Comparative Study of Synonyms Between Malaysian “Huayu” and Mandarin},
  journal = {International Journal of Language and Linguistics},
  volume = {10},
  number = {3},
  pages = {186-191},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijll.20221003.13},
  abstract = {Global Chinese also called global “Huayu” is a unique and valuable language resource in the world. Lexical differences are one of the prominent distinctions among Chinese variants in different Huayu communities, which are manifested in three cases—characteristic words, homographs and synonyms according to the similarities and differences between names and realities. Based on the Grand Global Chinese Dictionary, this paper establishes a database of synonyms among Malaysian Chinese and Mandarin which includes 529 items, and makes a quantitative comparative study on these synonymous words from the following five aspects: distribution of word classes, quantities of sememes, sources of loanwords, correspondence of alternative words and the convergence among Huayu communities. According to the statistics, the synonyms and notional words are mainly nouns, besides there are verbs, adjectives, quantifiers, onomatopoeia, distinguishing words and so on; most of them are monosyllabic words, meanwhile the polysemous words are mainly words with two sememes, and there are a few words with three or four sememes; the loanwords among them are derived from English in quantities, and mainly in the form of transliteration, partial transliteration or semantic transliteration; the quantitative correspondence is mostly one-to-one, and more are shared by two/three/four districts, reflecting the economic and cultural exchanges, language contact and integration of various Huayu communities. This paper shows the overall situation of synonymous words in Malaysian Chinese and Mandarin, which is conducive to breaking the lexical communication barriers in the language communication and will also provide important conditions for the information processing of Malaysian Chinese.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Quantitative and Comparative Study of Synonyms Between Malaysian “Huayu” and Mandarin
AU  - Zhou Lianying
Y1  - 2022/05/10
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13
T2  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
JF  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
JO  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
SP  - 186
EP  - 191
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0221
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20221003.13
AB  - Global Chinese also called global “Huayu” is a unique and valuable language resource in the world. Lexical differences are one of the prominent distinctions among Chinese variants in different Huayu communities, which are manifested in three cases—characteristic words, homographs and synonyms according to the similarities and differences between names and realities. Based on the Grand Global Chinese Dictionary, this paper establishes a database of synonyms among Malaysian Chinese and Mandarin which includes 529 items, and makes a quantitative comparative study on these synonymous words from the following five aspects: distribution of word classes, quantities of sememes, sources of loanwords, correspondence of alternative words and the convergence among Huayu communities. According to the statistics, the synonyms and notional words are mainly nouns, besides there are verbs, adjectives, quantifiers, onomatopoeia, distinguishing words and so on; most of them are monosyllabic words, meanwhile the polysemous words are mainly words with two sememes, and there are a few words with three or four sememes; the loanwords among them are derived from English in quantities, and mainly in the form of transliteration, partial transliteration or semantic transliteration; the quantitative correspondence is mostly one-to-one, and more are shared by two/three/four districts, reflecting the economic and cultural exchanges, language contact and integration of various Huayu communities. This paper shows the overall situation of synonymous words in Malaysian Chinese and Mandarin, which is conducive to breaking the lexical communication barriers in the language communication and will also provide important conditions for the information processing of Malaysian Chinese.
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download