Amniotic Fluid Embolism During Emergent Cesarean Section at 25 Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report

Khalid Guelzim; Youssef Benabdejlil; Adil Chennana; Mohammed Moutaouakil; Adil Boudhas; Jaouad Kouach; Mohammed Oukabli; Chafiq Haimeur; Driss Moussaoui; Mohammed Dehayni

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12

Amniotic Fluid Embolism During Emergent Cesarean Section at 25 Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report

Khalid Guelzim, Youssef Benabdejlil, Adil Chennana, Mohammed Moutaouakil, Adil Boudhas, Jaouad Kouach, Mohammed Oukabli, Chafiq Haimeur, Driss Moussaoui, Mohammed Dehayni

Published in Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Volume 3, Issue 4)

Received: 31 May 2015 Accepted: 12 June 2015 Published: 30 June 2015

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Abstract

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but fatal obstetric emergency, characterized by sudden cardiovascular collapse, dyspnea or respiratory arrest and altered mentality, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). It can lead to severe maternal morbidity and mortality, but the prediction of its occurrence and treatment are very difficult. We report a case of AFE during emergent Cesarean section at 25 weeks of gestation for high vaginal bleeding, caused by placenta praevia totally recovered, in a 36 years old woman having a history of two c-section and carring bichorial biamniotic twin pregnancy. Sudden dyspnea, hypotension, signs of pulmonary edema and DIC were developed during Cesarean section, and cardiac arrest followed after these events. The course of these events was so rapid and catastrophic, which was consistent with AFE and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).Thus, we report this case precisely and review pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment of AFE by referring to up-to-date literatures.

Published in	Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12
Page(s)	77-82
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Complications, Amniotic Fluid Embolism, Cardiac Arrest, Surgery, Cesarean Section

References

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[2]	Steiner P, Luschbaugh C. Maternal pulmonary emboli by amniotic fluid. JAMA. 1991;117:1245–1254.
[3]	Morgan M. Amniotic fluid embolism. Anaesthesia. 1989;34:20–32.
[4]	Clark SL, Hankins GD, Dudley DA, Dildy GA, Porter TF. Amniotic fluid embolism: analysis of the national registry. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995;172:1158–1169.
[5]	Kim BI, Paek SH, Rho WS, Lee SP, Cho SK, Lee SH. Amniotic fluid embolism during dilatation and curettage in a second trimesteric missed aborted pregnant patient. Korean J Anesthesiol. 1997;33:778–783.
[6]	Haines J, Wilkes RG. Non-fatal amniotic fluid embolism after cervical suture removal. Br J Anaesth.2003;90:244–247.
[7]	Abenhaim HA, Azoulay L, Kramer MS, Leduc L. Incidence and risk factors of amniotic fluid embolisms: a population-based study on 3 million births in the United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;199:49.e1–49.e8.
[8]	Lewis G. The confidential enquiry into maternal and child health (CEMACH) The seventh report on confidential enquiries into maternal deaths in the United Kingdom. London: CEMACH; 2007. Saving mothers' lives: reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer--2002-2005.
[9]	Clark SL. New concepts of amniotic fluid embolism: a review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1990;45:360–368.
[10]	Shechtman M, Ziser A, Markovits R, Rozenberg B. Amniotic fluid embolism: early findings of transesophageal echocardiography. Anesth Analg. 1999;89:1456–1458.
[11]	Lockwood CJ, Bach R, Guha A, Zhou XD, Miller WA, Nemerson Y. Amniotic fluid contains tissue factor, a potent initiator of coagulation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1991;165:1335–1341.
[12]	Stolte L, van Kessel H, Seelen J, Eskes T, Wagatsuma T. Failure to produce the syndrome of amniotic fluid embolism by infusion of amniotic fluid and meconium into monkeys. Am J Obstet Gynecol.1967;98:694–697.
[13]	Hammerschmidt DE, Ogburn PL, Williams JE. Amniotic fluid activates complement. A role in amniotic fluid embolism syndrome? J Lab Clin Med. 1984;104:901–907.
[14]	Resnik R, Swartz WH, Plumer MH, Benirschke K, Stratthaus ME. Amniotic fluid embolism with survival. Obstet Gynecol. 1976;47:295–298.
[15]	15. Ho CH, Chen KB, Liu SK, Liu YF, Cheng HC, Wu RC. Early application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a patient with amniotic fluid embolism. Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan. 2009;47:99–102.

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APA Style

Khalid Guelzim, Youssef Benabdejlil, Adil Chennana, Mohammed Moutaouakil, Adil Boudhas, et al. (2015). Amniotic Fluid Embolism During Emergent Cesarean Section at 25 Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report. Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 3(4), 77-82. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12

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ACS Style

Khalid Guelzim; Youssef Benabdejlil; Adil Chennana; Mohammed Moutaouakil; Adil Boudhas, et al. Amniotic Fluid Embolism During Emergent Cesarean Section at 25 Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 2015, 3(4), 77-82. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12

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AMA Style

Khalid Guelzim, Youssef Benabdejlil, Adil Chennana, Mohammed Moutaouakil, Adil Boudhas, et al. Amniotic Fluid Embolism During Emergent Cesarean Section at 25 Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report. J Gynecol Obstet. 2015;3(4):77-82. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12

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@article{10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12,
  author = {Khalid Guelzim and Youssef Benabdejlil and Adil Chennana and Mohammed Moutaouakil and Adil Boudhas and Jaouad Kouach and Mohammed Oukabli and Chafiq Haimeur and Driss Moussaoui and Mohammed Dehayni},
  title = {Amniotic Fluid Embolism During Emergent Cesarean Section at 25 Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report},
  journal = {Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {77-82},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jgo.20150304.12},
  abstract = {Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but fatal obstetric emergency, characterized by sudden cardiovascular collapse, dyspnea or respiratory arrest and altered mentality, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). It can lead to severe maternal morbidity and mortality, but the prediction of its occurrence and treatment are very difficult. We report a case of AFE during emergent Cesarean section at 25 weeks of gestation for high vaginal bleeding, caused by placenta praevia totally recovered, in a 36 years old woman having a history of two c-section and carring bichorial biamniotic twin pregnancy. Sudden dyspnea, hypotension, signs of pulmonary edema and DIC were developed during Cesarean section, and cardiac arrest followed after these events. The course of these events was so rapid and catastrophic, which was consistent with AFE and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).Thus, we report this case precisely and review pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment of AFE by referring to up-to-date literatures.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Amniotic Fluid Embolism During Emergent Cesarean Section at 25 Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report
AU  - Khalid Guelzim
AU  - Youssef Benabdejlil
AU  - Adil Chennana
AU  - Mohammed Moutaouakil
AU  - Adil Boudhas
AU  - Jaouad Kouach
AU  - Mohammed Oukabli
AU  - Chafiq Haimeur
AU  - Driss Moussaoui
AU  - Mohammed Dehayni
Y1  - 2015/06/30
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12
T2  - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
JF  - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
JO  - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
SP  - 77
EP  - 82
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7820
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12
AB  - Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but fatal obstetric emergency, characterized by sudden cardiovascular collapse, dyspnea or respiratory arrest and altered mentality, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). It can lead to severe maternal morbidity and mortality, but the prediction of its occurrence and treatment are very difficult. We report a case of AFE during emergent Cesarean section at 25 weeks of gestation for high vaginal bleeding, caused by placenta praevia totally recovered, in a 36 years old woman having a history of two c-section and carring bichorial biamniotic twin pregnancy. Sudden dyspnea, hypotension, signs of pulmonary edema and DIC were developed during Cesarean section, and cardiac arrest followed after these events. The course of these events was so rapid and catastrophic, which was consistent with AFE and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).Thus, we report this case precisely and review pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment of AFE by referring to up-to-date literatures.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Khalid Guelzim

Department of Gynecology-Obstetric - Military Training Hospital Med V, Rabat, Morocco
Youssef Benabdejlil

Department of Gynecology-Obstetric - Military Training Hospital Med V, Rabat, Morocco
Adil Chennana

Department of Gynecology-Obstetric - Military Training Hospital Med V, Rabat, Morocco
Mohammed Moutaouakil

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Military Training Hospital Med V, Rabat, Morocco
Adil Boudhas

Department of Pathological Anatomy, Military Training Hospital Med V, Rabat, Morocco
Jaouad Kouach

Department of Gynecology-Obstetric - Military Training Hospital Med V, Rabat, Morocco
Mohammed Oukabli

Department of Pathological Anatomy, Military Training Hospital Med V, Rabat, Morocco
Chafiq Haimeur

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Military Training Hospital Med V, Rabat, Morocco
Driss Moussaoui

Department of Gynecology-Obstetric - Military Training Hospital Med V, Rabat, Morocco
Mohammed Dehayni

Department of Gynecology-Obstetric - Military Training Hospital Med V, Rabat, Morocco

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APA Style

Khalid Guelzim, Youssef Benabdejlil, Adil Chennana, Mohammed Moutaouakil, Adil Boudhas, et al. (2015). Amniotic Fluid Embolism During Emergent Cesarean Section at 25 Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report. Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 3(4), 77-82. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12

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ACS Style

Khalid Guelzim; Youssef Benabdejlil; Adil Chennana; Mohammed Moutaouakil; Adil Boudhas, et al. Amniotic Fluid Embolism During Emergent Cesarean Section at 25 Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 2015, 3(4), 77-82. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12

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AMA Style

Khalid Guelzim, Youssef Benabdejlil, Adil Chennana, Mohammed Moutaouakil, Adil Boudhas, et al. Amniotic Fluid Embolism During Emergent Cesarean Section at 25 Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report. J Gynecol Obstet. 2015;3(4):77-82. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12,
  author = {Khalid Guelzim and Youssef Benabdejlil and Adil Chennana and Mohammed Moutaouakil and Adil Boudhas and Jaouad Kouach and Mohammed Oukabli and Chafiq Haimeur and Driss Moussaoui and Mohammed Dehayni},
  title = {Amniotic Fluid Embolism During Emergent Cesarean Section at 25 Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report},
  journal = {Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {77-82},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jgo.20150304.12},
  abstract = {Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but fatal obstetric emergency, characterized by sudden cardiovascular collapse, dyspnea or respiratory arrest and altered mentality, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). It can lead to severe maternal morbidity and mortality, but the prediction of its occurrence and treatment are very difficult. We report a case of AFE during emergent Cesarean section at 25 weeks of gestation for high vaginal bleeding, caused by placenta praevia totally recovered, in a 36 years old woman having a history of two c-section and carring bichorial biamniotic twin pregnancy. Sudden dyspnea, hypotension, signs of pulmonary edema and DIC were developed during Cesarean section, and cardiac arrest followed after these events. The course of these events was so rapid and catastrophic, which was consistent with AFE and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).Thus, we report this case precisely and review pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment of AFE by referring to up-to-date literatures.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Amniotic Fluid Embolism During Emergent Cesarean Section at 25 Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report
AU  - Khalid Guelzim
AU  - Youssef Benabdejlil
AU  - Adil Chennana
AU  - Mohammed Moutaouakil
AU  - Adil Boudhas
AU  - Jaouad Kouach
AU  - Mohammed Oukabli
AU  - Chafiq Haimeur
AU  - Driss Moussaoui
AU  - Mohammed Dehayni
Y1  - 2015/06/30
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12
T2  - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
JF  - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
JO  - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
SP  - 77
EP  - 82
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7820
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.12
AB  - Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but fatal obstetric emergency, characterized by sudden cardiovascular collapse, dyspnea or respiratory arrest and altered mentality, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). It can lead to severe maternal morbidity and mortality, but the prediction of its occurrence and treatment are very difficult. We report a case of AFE during emergent Cesarean section at 25 weeks of gestation for high vaginal bleeding, caused by placenta praevia totally recovered, in a 36 years old woman having a history of two c-section and carring bichorial biamniotic twin pregnancy. Sudden dyspnea, hypotension, signs of pulmonary edema and DIC were developed during Cesarean section, and cardiac arrest followed after these events. The course of these events was so rapid and catastrophic, which was consistent with AFE and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).Thus, we report this case precisely and review pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment of AFE by referring to up-to-date literatures.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download