A Ten Year Review of Hydatidiform Mole in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Nigeria

Iklaki Christopher Ubong; Ago Boniface Uji; Efiok Eyo Efiok; Ebughe Godwin Abeng; Nnorom Felix

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14

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A Ten Year Review of Hydatidiform Mole in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Nigeria

Iklaki Christopher Ubong, Ago Boniface Uji, Efiok Eyo Efiok, Ebughe Godwin Abeng, Nnorom Felix

Published in Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Volume 3, Issue 4)

Received: 10 June 2015 Accepted: 21 June 2015 Published: 6 July 2015

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Abstract

Background: Hydatidiform mole is a cause of early trimester miscarriages which if not properly treated may lead to increasing severity of vaginal bleeding and maternal death. Aim: The aim of the study was to review the demographic characteristics of patients with hydatidiform mole, and the clinical outcome in the last decade. Subject, method and material: This was a retrospective review of cases of hydatidiform mole from 1st of January 2004 to 31st of December 2013. The clinical data were retrieved from patients’ folders and histologically confirmed cases were analyzed using EpiInfo7 and simple percentages. The total number of deliveries over the study period was obtained from the labour ward register. Results: There were 72 cases of hydatidiform mole giving a prevalence of 3.6 per 1000 deliveries. However only 68 folders contained results of histology. Women of age groups 35-39 years (48.5%) and 15-19 years (26.5%) were those predominantly affected. Vaginal bleeding (85.3%), large for gestational age (57.4%), anaemia (57.4%), passage of vesicles (55.9%) were the most common presentations. Pregnancy test was positive in all the cases, while ultrasononography aided diagnosis in 88.2% of the cases. Suction evacuation was done in all the cases. About 63% of patients had 1-3 months follow up, while 2.9% continued beyond 1 year. The case fatality was 1.47%. However, 12 patients never came back to the hospital after evacuation. Conclusion: Molar pregnancy is a common cause of first trimester miscarriages and contributes to maternal morbidity and mortality in our Centre.

Published in	Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14
Page(s)	88-91
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Hydatidiform Mole, Presentation, Management, UCTH

References

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[2]	Ross S. Berkowitz, Donald P. Goldstein. In: Berek Jonathan S (ed).Berek & Novak's Gynecology, 14th Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2007:2376-2405
[3]	Philip Savage and Michael Seckl. Gestational Trophoblast Tumours. In: D. Keith Edmonds (ed). Dewhurst’s Textbook of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, eighth edition. Wiley-Blackwell 2012: 66-75
[4]	Schorge, Schaffer, Halvorson, Hoffman, Bradshaw, Cunningham. Gestational trophoblastic disease. William’s Gynecology.pdf, McGraw Hill access Medicine 2008:1509-1541
[5]	Ekanem EI, Etuk SJ, Itam IH, Ekanem AD, Ekabua JE. Hydatidiform mole in Calabar, Nigeria: A ten –year review. Mary Slessor Journal of Medicine 2005;5:72-76
[6]	Ocheke AN, Musa J, Uamai AO. Hydatidiform mole in Jos Nigeria. Niger Med J 2011; 52:223-6
[7]	Berkowitz RS, Goldstein DS. Clinical practice: molar pregnancy. N Engl J Med 2009; 360:1639-45.
[8]	Lisa Moore. Hydatidiform mole. Medscape. www.emedicine.medscape.com accessed February 1 2015.
[9]	Paola Aghajanian. Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases. In: alan H DeCherney, Lauren Nathan, Neri Laufer, Ashley S Roman (eds). Current Diagnosis and Treatment Obstetrics and Gynecology, 11th edition. McGraw Hill medical 2013:859-869.
[10]	Santo-Ramos R, Forney JP, Schwarz BE. Sonographic findings and clinical correlations in molar pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1980;56:186-92
[11]	Fine C, Bundy AL, Berkowitz RS, et al. Sonographic diagnosis of partial hydatidiform mole. Obstet Gynecol 1989;73:414-8
[12]	Tidy JA, Gillespie AM, Bright N, et al. Gestational trophoblastic disease: A study of mode of evacuation and subsequent need for treatment with chemotherapy. Gynecol Oncol 2000;78: 309-12.

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APA Style

Iklaki Christopher Ubong, Ago Boniface Uji, Efiok Eyo Efiok, Ebughe Godwin Abeng, Nnorom Felix. (2015). A Ten Year Review of Hydatidiform Mole in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Nigeria. Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 3(4), 88-91. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14

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ACS Style

Iklaki Christopher Ubong; Ago Boniface Uji; Efiok Eyo Efiok; Ebughe Godwin Abeng; Nnorom Felix. A Ten Year Review of Hydatidiform Mole in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Nigeria. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 2015, 3(4), 88-91. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14

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AMA Style

Iklaki Christopher Ubong, Ago Boniface Uji, Efiok Eyo Efiok, Ebughe Godwin Abeng, Nnorom Felix. A Ten Year Review of Hydatidiform Mole in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Nigeria. J Gynecol Obstet. 2015;3(4):88-91. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14

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@article{10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14,
  author = {Iklaki Christopher Ubong and Ago Boniface Uji and Efiok Eyo Efiok and Ebughe Godwin Abeng and Nnorom Felix},
  title = {A Ten Year Review of Hydatidiform Mole in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Nigeria},
  journal = {Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {88-91},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jgo.20150304.14},
  abstract = {Background: Hydatidiform mole is a cause of early trimester miscarriages which if not properly treated may lead to increasing severity of vaginal bleeding and maternal death. Aim: The aim of the study was to review the demographic characteristics of patients with hydatidiform mole, and the clinical outcome in the last decade. Subject, method and material: This was a retrospective review of cases of hydatidiform mole from 1st of January 2004 to 31st of December 2013. The clinical data were retrieved from patients’ folders and histologically confirmed cases were analyzed using EpiInfo7 and simple percentages. The total number of deliveries over the study period was obtained from the labour ward register. Results: There were 72 cases of hydatidiform mole giving a prevalence of 3.6 per 1000 deliveries. However only 68 folders contained results of histology. Women of age groups 35-39 years (48.5%) and 15-19 years (26.5%) were those predominantly affected. Vaginal bleeding (85.3%), large for gestational age (57.4%), anaemia (57.4%), passage of vesicles (55.9%) were the most common presentations. Pregnancy test was positive in all the cases, while ultrasononography aided diagnosis in 88.2% of the cases. Suction evacuation was done in all the cases. About 63% of patients had 1-3 months follow up, while 2.9% continued beyond 1 year. The case fatality was 1.47%. However, 12 patients never came back to the hospital after evacuation. Conclusion: Molar pregnancy is a common cause of first trimester miscarriages and contributes to maternal morbidity and mortality in our Centre.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - A Ten Year Review of Hydatidiform Mole in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Nigeria
AU - Iklaki Christopher Ubong
AU - Ago Boniface Uji
AU - Efiok Eyo Efiok
AU - Ebughe Godwin Abeng
AU - Nnorom Felix
Y1 - 2015/07/06
PY - 2015
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14
DO - 10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14
T2 - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
JF - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
JO - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
SP - 88
EP - 91
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2376-7820
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14
AB - Background: Hydatidiform mole is a cause of early trimester miscarriages which if not properly treated may lead to increasing severity of vaginal bleeding and maternal death. Aim: The aim of the study was to review the demographic characteristics of patients with hydatidiform mole, and the clinical outcome in the last decade. Subject, method and material: This was a retrospective review of cases of hydatidiform mole from 1st of January 2004 to 31st of December 2013. The clinical data were retrieved from patients’ folders and histologically confirmed cases were analyzed using EpiInfo7 and simple percentages. The total number of deliveries over the study period was obtained from the labour ward register. Results: There were 72 cases of hydatidiform mole giving a prevalence of 3.6 per 1000 deliveries. However only 68 folders contained results of histology. Women of age groups 35-39 years (48.5%) and 15-19 years (26.5%) were those predominantly affected. Vaginal bleeding (85.3%), large for gestational age (57.4%), anaemia (57.4%), passage of vesicles (55.9%) were the most common presentations. Pregnancy test was positive in all the cases, while ultrasononography aided diagnosis in 88.2% of the cases. Suction evacuation was done in all the cases. About 63% of patients had 1-3 months follow up, while 2.9% continued beyond 1 year. The case fatality was 1.47%. However, 12 patients never came back to the hospital after evacuation. Conclusion: Molar pregnancy is a common cause of first trimester miscarriages and contributes to maternal morbidity and mortality in our Centre.
VL - 3
IS - 4
ER -

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Author Information

Iklaki Christopher Ubong

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
Ago Boniface Uji

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
Efiok Eyo Efiok

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
Ebughe Godwin Abeng

Department of pathology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
Nnorom Felix

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria

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Iklaki Christopher Ubong, Ago Boniface Uji, Efiok Eyo Efiok, Ebughe Godwin Abeng, Nnorom Felix. (2015). A Ten Year Review of Hydatidiform Mole in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Nigeria. Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 3(4), 88-91. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14

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ACS Style

Iklaki Christopher Ubong; Ago Boniface Uji; Efiok Eyo Efiok; Ebughe Godwin Abeng; Nnorom Felix. A Ten Year Review of Hydatidiform Mole in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Nigeria. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 2015, 3(4), 88-91. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14

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AMA Style

Iklaki Christopher Ubong, Ago Boniface Uji, Efiok Eyo Efiok, Ebughe Godwin Abeng, Nnorom Felix. A Ten Year Review of Hydatidiform Mole in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Nigeria. J Gynecol Obstet. 2015;3(4):88-91. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14

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@article{10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14,
  author = {Iklaki Christopher Ubong and Ago Boniface Uji and Efiok Eyo Efiok and Ebughe Godwin Abeng and Nnorom Felix},
  title = {A Ten Year Review of Hydatidiform Mole in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Nigeria},
  journal = {Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {88-91},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20150304.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jgo.20150304.14},
  abstract = {Background: Hydatidiform mole is a cause of early trimester miscarriages which if not properly treated may lead to increasing severity of vaginal bleeding and maternal death. Aim: The aim of the study was to review the demographic characteristics of patients with hydatidiform mole, and the clinical outcome in the last decade. Subject, method and material: This was a retrospective review of cases of hydatidiform mole from 1st of January 2004 to 31st of December 2013. The clinical data were retrieved from patients’ folders and histologically confirmed cases were analyzed using EpiInfo7 and simple percentages. The total number of deliveries over the study period was obtained from the labour ward register. Results: There were 72 cases of hydatidiform mole giving a prevalence of 3.6 per 1000 deliveries. However only 68 folders contained results of histology. Women of age groups 35-39 years (48.5%) and 15-19 years (26.5%) were those predominantly affected. Vaginal bleeding (85.3%), large for gestational age (57.4%), anaemia (57.4%), passage of vesicles (55.9%) were the most common presentations. Pregnancy test was positive in all the cases, while ultrasononography aided diagnosis in 88.2% of the cases. Suction evacuation was done in all the cases. About 63% of patients had 1-3 months follow up, while 2.9% continued beyond 1 year. The case fatality was 1.47%. However, 12 patients never came back to the hospital after evacuation. Conclusion: Molar pregnancy is a common cause of first trimester miscarriages and contributes to maternal morbidity and mortality in our Centre.},
 year = {2015}
}

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