The Effect of a School Backpack Mass Back Carried on the Features of Body Posture in the Frontal Plane of 7-year-old Students of Both Sexes

Mirosław Mrozkowiak

doi:doi:10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13

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The Effect of a School Backpack Mass Back Carried on the Features of Body Posture in the Frontal Plane of 7-year-old Students of Both Sexes

Mirosław Mrozkowiak

Published in Rehabilitation Science (Volume 6, Issue 4)

Received: 23 October 2021 Accepted: 22 November 2021 Published: 20 December 2021

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Abstract

The analysis of the student's environment is a set of stressors in the field of human ecology, which includes not only the genetic factor but also the epigenetic factor. The student's environment plays a significant role in the development of biomechanical disorders of body posture. According to these factors body posture tests were carried out in a group of 65 students aged 7 years, using the projection moiré method in 4 positions: 1-habitual posture, 2-posture after 10-minute of asymmetric axial load, 3-a posture after one minute of the load removal, 4- a posture after two minutes of the load removal. Physical fitness was measured with the Sekita test. The significance of differences between the 1^st and 2^nd measurements was analyzed to determine the impact of the backpack load and the correlation with physical fitness, and to study its influence on the value of the differences in posture features. In conclusion, carrying school supplies on the back induces significant changes in the value of the features describing the body posture in the frontal plane. It should be assumed that the greater the weight of the container and carrying time and intensity of physical effort is the greater the changes will be. Relatedly, it is not recommended to carry school supplies weighing more than 4 kg by first-grade students. Moreover, physical fitness has a various and sex-dependent influence on the value of changes in body posture features because of carrying school supplies. Among boys it significantly affects the asymmetry of the torso bend, shoulder height, the waist triangles height and width, whereas among girls it affects the asymmetry of the shoulders and the distance of the angles of the lower shoulder blades from the line of the spinous processes of the spine. Among boys the changes in the value of posture features are mostly influenced by endurance and speed, but strength, power and agility are of lower influence, whereas among girls only agility matters.

Published in	Rehabilitation Science (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13
Page(s)	66-75
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Backpack, Body Posture, Projection Moire, Physical Fitness

References

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[3]	Hong Y., Brueggemann G., Changes in gait pattern in 10-year-old boys with increasing loads when walking on a treadmill. “Gait Posture” 11/2000, 254-259.
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[11]	Mrozkowiak M, Analiza biomechaniczna zmian wybranych parametrów zespołu miednica-kręgosłup w płaszczyźnie czołowej i poprzecznej w czasie i po obciążeniu. [W:] Edukacja w społeczeństwie „ryzyka”. Bezpieczeństwo jako wartość. [Biomechanical analysis of changes in selected parametres of the pelvis-spine syndrome in the frontal and transverse planeduring and after loading. Education in the society of risk. Security as a value.] T. 2. Red. nauk. Matylda Gwoździcka-Piotrowska, Andrzej Zduniak. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Bezpieczeństwa, 2007, s.‑339-342. (Edukacja XXI Wieku; 11).
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APA Style

Mirosław Mrozkowiak. (2021). The Effect of a School Backpack Mass Back Carried on the Features of Body Posture in the Frontal Plane of 7-year-old Students of Both Sexes. Rehabilitation Science, 6(4), 66-75. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13

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Mirosław Mrozkowiak. The Effect of a School Backpack Mass Back Carried on the Features of Body Posture in the Frontal Plane of 7-year-old Students of Both Sexes. Rehabil. Sci. 2021, 6(4), 66-75. doi: 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13

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AMA Style

Mirosław Mrozkowiak. The Effect of a School Backpack Mass Back Carried on the Features of Body Posture in the Frontal Plane of 7-year-old Students of Both Sexes. Rehabil Sci. 2021;6(4):66-75. doi: 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13

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@article{10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13,
  author = {Mirosław Mrozkowiak},
  title = {The Effect of a School Backpack Mass Back Carried on the Features of Body Posture in the Frontal Plane of 7-year-old Students of Both Sexes},
  journal = {Rehabilitation Science},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {66-75},
  doi = {10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.rs.20210604.13},
  abstract = {The analysis of the student's environment is a set of stressors in the field of human ecology, which includes not only the genetic factor but also the epigenetic factor. The student's environment plays a significant role in the development of biomechanical disorders of body posture. According to these factors body posture tests were carried out in a group of 65 students aged 7 years, using the projection moiré method in 4 positions: 1-habitual posture, 2-posture after 10-minute of asymmetric axial load, 3-a posture after one minute of the load removal, 4- a posture after two minutes of the load removal. Physical fitness was measured with the Sekita test. The significance of differences between the 1st and 2nd measurements was analyzed to determine the impact of the backpack load and the correlation with physical fitness, and to study its influence on the value of the differences in posture features. In conclusion, carrying school supplies on the back induces significant changes in the value of the features describing the body posture in the frontal plane. It should be assumed that the greater the weight of the container and carrying time and intensity of physical effort is the greater the changes will be. Relatedly, it is not recommended to carry school supplies weighing more than 4 kg by first-grade students. Moreover, physical fitness has a various and sex-dependent influence on the value of changes in body posture features because of carrying school supplies. Among boys it significantly affects the asymmetry of the torso bend, shoulder height, the waist triangles height and width, whereas among girls it affects the asymmetry of the shoulders and the distance of the angles of the lower shoulder blades from the line of the spinous processes of the spine. Among boys the changes in the value of posture features are mostly influenced by endurance and speed, but strength, power and agility are of lower influence, whereas among girls only agility matters.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of a School Backpack Mass Back Carried on the Features of Body Posture in the Frontal Plane of 7-year-old Students of Both Sexes
AU  - Mirosław Mrozkowiak
Y1  - 2021/12/20
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13
T2  - Rehabilitation Science
JF  - Rehabilitation Science
JO  - Rehabilitation Science
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EP  - 75
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-594X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13
AB  - The analysis of the student's environment is a set of stressors in the field of human ecology, which includes not only the genetic factor but also the epigenetic factor. The student's environment plays a significant role in the development of biomechanical disorders of body posture. According to these factors body posture tests were carried out in a group of 65 students aged 7 years, using the projection moiré method in 4 positions: 1-habitual posture, 2-posture after 10-minute of asymmetric axial load, 3-a posture after one minute of the load removal, 4- a posture after two minutes of the load removal. Physical fitness was measured with the Sekita test. The significance of differences between the 1st and 2nd measurements was analyzed to determine the impact of the backpack load and the correlation with physical fitness, and to study its influence on the value of the differences in posture features. In conclusion, carrying school supplies on the back induces significant changes in the value of the features describing the body posture in the frontal plane. It should be assumed that the greater the weight of the container and carrying time and intensity of physical effort is the greater the changes will be. Relatedly, it is not recommended to carry school supplies weighing more than 4 kg by first-grade students. Moreover, physical fitness has a various and sex-dependent influence on the value of changes in body posture features because of carrying school supplies. Among boys it significantly affects the asymmetry of the torso bend, shoulder height, the waist triangles height and width, whereas among girls it affects the asymmetry of the shoulders and the distance of the angles of the lower shoulder blades from the line of the spinous processes of the spine. Among boys the changes in the value of posture features are mostly influenced by endurance and speed, but strength, power and agility are of lower influence, whereas among girls only agility matters.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Mirosław Mrozkowiak

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Mirosław Mrozkowiak. (2021). The Effect of a School Backpack Mass Back Carried on the Features of Body Posture in the Frontal Plane of 7-year-old Students of Both Sexes. Rehabilitation Science, 6(4), 66-75. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13

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Mirosław Mrozkowiak. The Effect of a School Backpack Mass Back Carried on the Features of Body Posture in the Frontal Plane of 7-year-old Students of Both Sexes. Rehabil. Sci. 2021, 6(4), 66-75. doi: 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13

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AMA Style

Mirosław Mrozkowiak. The Effect of a School Backpack Mass Back Carried on the Features of Body Posture in the Frontal Plane of 7-year-old Students of Both Sexes. Rehabil Sci. 2021;6(4):66-75. doi: 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13

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@article{10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13,
  author = {Mirosław Mrozkowiak},
  title = {The Effect of a School Backpack Mass Back Carried on the Features of Body Posture in the Frontal Plane of 7-year-old Students of Both Sexes},
  journal = {Rehabilitation Science},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {66-75},
  doi = {10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.rs.20210604.13},
  abstract = {The analysis of the student's environment is a set of stressors in the field of human ecology, which includes not only the genetic factor but also the epigenetic factor. The student's environment plays a significant role in the development of biomechanical disorders of body posture. According to these factors body posture tests were carried out in a group of 65 students aged 7 years, using the projection moiré method in 4 positions: 1-habitual posture, 2-posture after 10-minute of asymmetric axial load, 3-a posture after one minute of the load removal, 4- a posture after two minutes of the load removal. Physical fitness was measured with the Sekita test. The significance of differences between the 1st and 2nd measurements was analyzed to determine the impact of the backpack load and the correlation with physical fitness, and to study its influence on the value of the differences in posture features. In conclusion, carrying school supplies on the back induces significant changes in the value of the features describing the body posture in the frontal plane. It should be assumed that the greater the weight of the container and carrying time and intensity of physical effort is the greater the changes will be. Relatedly, it is not recommended to carry school supplies weighing more than 4 kg by first-grade students. Moreover, physical fitness has a various and sex-dependent influence on the value of changes in body posture features because of carrying school supplies. Among boys it significantly affects the asymmetry of the torso bend, shoulder height, the waist triangles height and width, whereas among girls it affects the asymmetry of the shoulders and the distance of the angles of the lower shoulder blades from the line of the spinous processes of the spine. Among boys the changes in the value of posture features are mostly influenced by endurance and speed, but strength, power and agility are of lower influence, whereas among girls only agility matters.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of a School Backpack Mass Back Carried on the Features of Body Posture in the Frontal Plane of 7-year-old Students of Both Sexes
AU  - Mirosław Mrozkowiak
Y1  - 2021/12/20
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13
T2  - Rehabilitation Science
JF  - Rehabilitation Science
JO  - Rehabilitation Science
SP  - 66
EP  - 75
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-594X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.13
AB  - The analysis of the student's environment is a set of stressors in the field of human ecology, which includes not only the genetic factor but also the epigenetic factor. The student's environment plays a significant role in the development of biomechanical disorders of body posture. According to these factors body posture tests were carried out in a group of 65 students aged 7 years, using the projection moiré method in 4 positions: 1-habitual posture, 2-posture after 10-minute of asymmetric axial load, 3-a posture after one minute of the load removal, 4- a posture after two minutes of the load removal. Physical fitness was measured with the Sekita test. The significance of differences between the 1st and 2nd measurements was analyzed to determine the impact of the backpack load and the correlation with physical fitness, and to study its influence on the value of the differences in posture features. In conclusion, carrying school supplies on the back induces significant changes in the value of the features describing the body posture in the frontal plane. It should be assumed that the greater the weight of the container and carrying time and intensity of physical effort is the greater the changes will be. Relatedly, it is not recommended to carry school supplies weighing more than 4 kg by first-grade students. Moreover, physical fitness has a various and sex-dependent influence on the value of changes in body posture features because of carrying school supplies. Among boys it significantly affects the asymmetry of the torso bend, shoulder height, the waist triangles height and width, whereas among girls it affects the asymmetry of the shoulders and the distance of the angles of the lower shoulder blades from the line of the spinous processes of the spine. Among boys the changes in the value of posture features are mostly influenced by endurance and speed, but strength, power and agility are of lower influence, whereas among girls only agility matters.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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