Cal-Reliability Assessment of Failure of Industrial Structural Steel Roof Truss Systems

Opaleye Olusola Ayobami; Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim

doi:doi:10.11648/j.se.20180601.13

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Cal-Reliability Assessment of Failure of Industrial Structural Steel Roof Truss Systems

Opaleye Olusola Ayobami, Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim

Published in Software Engineering (Volume 6, Issue 1)

Received: 18 December 2017 Accepted: 2 January 2018 Published: 19 January 2018

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Abstract

This research investigated the reliability of a newly designed steel roof truss system of an industrial building to be constructed in one of the major cities in Nigeria. The probabilistic analysis technique was done with the aid of CalREL, a general-purpose structural reliability analysis software program. The longest span truss element (consisting of 73 members), is the most critical in the system, was selected and first analysed using SAP2000 Advanced 12.0.0 finite element analysis (FEA) software program in order to obtain the forces in the steel truss members; this forms part of the inputs required in CalREL. Four load variations (referred to as load ratios in the study) were tested on the selected truss. The strengths of the truss members and other properties were determined as specified in BS 5950-1: 2000. Limit state equations were derived for the calculation of the probability of failure of the individual members of the truss system. A reliability index as a measure of structural performance and related to the probability of failure was developed for all the elements of the truss. The results showed that compression members displayed a noticeable violation of the ultimate limit state requirement, while tension members showed a negligible violation. Sensitivity factors that reflect the relative importance of the individual variables in the design of roof trusses were also presented. The estimated reliability indices also revealed structural members that require immediate redesign; though they appear satisfactory in the level of deterministic design. A probabilistic approach for the reappraisal of new and existing civil structures is well supported by the findings of this investigation.

Published in	Software Engineering (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.se.20180601.13
Page(s)	12-19
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

CalREL Software, SAP2000, Probabilistic, Truss, Limit State Equations, Reliability Index, Sensitivity Factors

References

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[2]	Ezeagu, C. A., Umenwaliri, S. N., Aginam, C. H., and Joseph, C. A. (2012). Comparative Overview of Timber and Steel Roof Truss Systems. Research Journal in Engineering and Applied Sciences, Emerging Academy Resources, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp 177–183.
[3]	Telsang, M. (2008). Industrial Engineering and Production Management. S. Chand and Company Limited, New Delhi.
[4]	Brett, C. and Lu, Y. (2013). Assessment of Robustness of Structures: Current state of Research. Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp 356–367.
[5]	Elsayed, E. A. (1996). Reliability Engineering. Addison Wesley Longman Inc., Massachusetts, 737pp.
[6]	Modarres, M., Kaminskiy, M., and Krivtsov, V. (1999). Reliability Engineering and Risk Analysis. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 542 pp.
[7]	Adhikari, S. (2009). Sensitivity based reduced approaches for structural reliability analysis. Sadhana, Indian Academy of Sciences, Vol. 35, Part 3, pp 319–399.
[8]	Onwuka, D. O., and Sule, S. (2013). Reliability based Structural Appraisal of an Ongoing Construction. IJA2M, International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Modeling, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp 1–7.
[9]	Milton, E. H. (1987). Reliability-Based Design in Civil Engineering. McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, 290 pp.
[10]	Erling, S. (2005). Learning from a Structural Failure. Modern Steel Construction, South African Institute of Steel Construction (SAISC).
[11]	Afolayan, J. O. (2014). The Tower of Babel: The Secret of the Birth and But of Structural Integrity. Inaugural Lecture Series 67, Civil Engineering Department, Delivered at the Federal University of Technology, Akure.
[12]	Au, S. K., Papadimitriou, C., and Beck, J. L. (1999). Reliability of uncertain dynamical systems with multiple design points. Structural Safety, an International Journal Incorporating Risk Management in the Built Environment Vol. 21, No. 2, pp 113–133.
[13]	Kiureghian, A., Lin, H. Z., and Hwang, S. J. (1987). Second-order reliability approximations. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 113, pp 1208–1225.
[14]	Madsen, H. O., Krenk, S. and Lind, N. C. (1984). Methods of structural safety. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.
[15]	Quadri A. I. and Afolayan J. O. (2017): “Reliability Assessment of Axial Load Effect on Electric Power Distribution Concrete Poles in Southwest of Nigeria” International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research. Vol. 8, Issue 5, pp358-364, ISSN 2229-5518.
[16]	Rubinstein, R. Y. (1981). Simulation and the Monte-Carlo method. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
[17]	Shinuzoka, M. (1983). Basic analysis of structural safety. Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 109, pp 721-740.
[18]	Melchers, R. E. (2002). Structural Reliability, and Prediction. 2nd ed., John Wiley, England.
[19]	Afolayan, J. O., & Opeyemi, D. A. (2010). Stochastic Modelling of Dynamic Pile Capacity using Hiley, Janbu and Gates Formulae. Journal of Sciences and Multidisciplinary Research, Vol. 2, pp 47–57.
[20]	Eamon, C. D., and Charumas, B. (2011). Reliability estimation of complex numerical problems using modified expectation method. Computers and Structures, Vol. 89, pp 181– 188.
[21]	Tasou, P. (2003). Trusses. In: Davison, B. and Owens, G. W. (Eds.), Steel Designers’ Manual, 6th ed., the Steel Construction Institute, Blackwell Publishing, London.

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Opaleye Olusola Ayobami, Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim. (2018). Cal-Reliability Assessment of Failure of Industrial Structural Steel Roof Truss Systems. Software Engineering, 6(1), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.se.20180601.13

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ACS Style

Opaleye Olusola Ayobami; Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim. Cal-Reliability Assessment of Failure of Industrial Structural Steel Roof Truss Systems. Softw. Eng. 2018, 6(1), 12-19. doi: 10.11648/j.se.20180601.13

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AMA Style

Opaleye Olusola Ayobami, Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim. Cal-Reliability Assessment of Failure of Industrial Structural Steel Roof Truss Systems. Softw Eng. 2018;6(1):12-19. doi: 10.11648/j.se.20180601.13

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@article{10.11648/j.se.20180601.13,
  author = {Opaleye Olusola Ayobami and Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim},
  title = {Cal-Reliability Assessment of Failure of Industrial Structural Steel Roof Truss Systems},
  journal = {Software Engineering},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {12-19},
  doi = {10.11648/j.se.20180601.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.se.20180601.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.se.20180601.13},
  abstract = {This research investigated the reliability of a newly designed steel roof truss system of an industrial building to be constructed in one of the major cities in Nigeria. The probabilistic analysis technique was done with the aid of CalREL, a general-purpose structural reliability analysis software program. The longest span truss element (consisting of 73 members), is the most critical in the system, was selected and first analysed using SAP2000 Advanced 12.0.0 finite element analysis (FEA) software program in order to obtain the forces in the steel truss members; this forms part of the inputs required in CalREL. Four load variations (referred to as load ratios in the study) were tested on the selected truss. The strengths of the truss members and other properties were determined as specified in BS 5950-1: 2000. Limit state equations were derived for the calculation of the probability of failure of the individual members of the truss system. A reliability index as a measure of structural performance and related to the probability of failure was developed for all the elements of the truss. The results showed that compression members displayed a noticeable violation of the ultimate limit state requirement, while tension members showed a negligible violation. Sensitivity factors that reflect the relative importance of the individual variables in the design of roof trusses were also presented. The estimated reliability indices also revealed structural members that require immediate redesign; though they appear satisfactory in the level of deterministic design. A probabilistic approach for the reappraisal of new and existing civil structures is well supported by the findings of this investigation.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cal-Reliability Assessment of Failure of Industrial Structural Steel Roof Truss Systems
AU  - Opaleye Olusola Ayobami
AU  - Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim
Y1  - 2018/01/19
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.se.20180601.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.se.20180601.13
T2  - Software Engineering
JF  - Software Engineering
JO  - Software Engineering
SP  - 12
EP  - 19
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-8037
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.se.20180601.13
AB  - This research investigated the reliability of a newly designed steel roof truss system of an industrial building to be constructed in one of the major cities in Nigeria. The probabilistic analysis technique was done with the aid of CalREL, a general-purpose structural reliability analysis software program. The longest span truss element (consisting of 73 members), is the most critical in the system, was selected and first analysed using SAP2000 Advanced 12.0.0 finite element analysis (FEA) software program in order to obtain the forces in the steel truss members; this forms part of the inputs required in CalREL. Four load variations (referred to as load ratios in the study) were tested on the selected truss. The strengths of the truss members and other properties were determined as specified in BS 5950-1: 2000. Limit state equations were derived for the calculation of the probability of failure of the individual members of the truss system. A reliability index as a measure of structural performance and related to the probability of failure was developed for all the elements of the truss. The results showed that compression members displayed a noticeable violation of the ultimate limit state requirement, while tension members showed a negligible violation. Sensitivity factors that reflect the relative importance of the individual variables in the design of roof trusses were also presented. The estimated reliability indices also revealed structural members that require immediate redesign; though they appear satisfactory in the level of deterministic design. A probabilistic approach for the reappraisal of new and existing civil structures is well supported by the findings of this investigation.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Opaleye Olusola Ayobami

Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim

Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

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APA Style

Opaleye Olusola Ayobami, Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim. (2018). Cal-Reliability Assessment of Failure of Industrial Structural Steel Roof Truss Systems. Software Engineering, 6(1), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.se.20180601.13

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ACS Style

Opaleye Olusola Ayobami; Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim. Cal-Reliability Assessment of Failure of Industrial Structural Steel Roof Truss Systems. Softw. Eng. 2018, 6(1), 12-19. doi: 10.11648/j.se.20180601.13

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AMA Style

Opaleye Olusola Ayobami, Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim. Cal-Reliability Assessment of Failure of Industrial Structural Steel Roof Truss Systems. Softw Eng. 2018;6(1):12-19. doi: 10.11648/j.se.20180601.13

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@article{10.11648/j.se.20180601.13,
  author = {Opaleye Olusola Ayobami and Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim},
  title = {Cal-Reliability Assessment of Failure of Industrial Structural Steel Roof Truss Systems},
  journal = {Software Engineering},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {12-19},
  doi = {10.11648/j.se.20180601.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.se.20180601.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.se.20180601.13},
  abstract = {This research investigated the reliability of a newly designed steel roof truss system of an industrial building to be constructed in one of the major cities in Nigeria. The probabilistic analysis technique was done with the aid of CalREL, a general-purpose structural reliability analysis software program. The longest span truss element (consisting of 73 members), is the most critical in the system, was selected and first analysed using SAP2000 Advanced 12.0.0 finite element analysis (FEA) software program in order to obtain the forces in the steel truss members; this forms part of the inputs required in CalREL. Four load variations (referred to as load ratios in the study) were tested on the selected truss. The strengths of the truss members and other properties were determined as specified in BS 5950-1: 2000. Limit state equations were derived for the calculation of the probability of failure of the individual members of the truss system. A reliability index as a measure of structural performance and related to the probability of failure was developed for all the elements of the truss. The results showed that compression members displayed a noticeable violation of the ultimate limit state requirement, while tension members showed a negligible violation. Sensitivity factors that reflect the relative importance of the individual variables in the design of roof trusses were also presented. The estimated reliability indices also revealed structural members that require immediate redesign; though they appear satisfactory in the level of deterministic design. A probabilistic approach for the reappraisal of new and existing civil structures is well supported by the findings of this investigation.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cal-Reliability Assessment of Failure of Industrial Structural Steel Roof Truss Systems
AU  - Opaleye Olusola Ayobami
AU  - Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim
Y1  - 2018/01/19
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.se.20180601.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.se.20180601.13
T2  - Software Engineering
JF  - Software Engineering
JO  - Software Engineering
SP  - 12
EP  - 19
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-8037
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.se.20180601.13
AB  - This research investigated the reliability of a newly designed steel roof truss system of an industrial building to be constructed in one of the major cities in Nigeria. The probabilistic analysis technique was done with the aid of CalREL, a general-purpose structural reliability analysis software program. The longest span truss element (consisting of 73 members), is the most critical in the system, was selected and first analysed using SAP2000 Advanced 12.0.0 finite element analysis (FEA) software program in order to obtain the forces in the steel truss members; this forms part of the inputs required in CalREL. Four load variations (referred to as load ratios in the study) were tested on the selected truss. The strengths of the truss members and other properties were determined as specified in BS 5950-1: 2000. Limit state equations were derived for the calculation of the probability of failure of the individual members of the truss system. A reliability index as a measure of structural performance and related to the probability of failure was developed for all the elements of the truss. The results showed that compression members displayed a noticeable violation of the ultimate limit state requirement, while tension members showed a negligible violation. Sensitivity factors that reflect the relative importance of the individual variables in the design of roof trusses were also presented. The estimated reliability indices also revealed structural members that require immediate redesign; though they appear satisfactory in the level of deterministic design. A probabilistic approach for the reappraisal of new and existing civil structures is well supported by the findings of this investigation.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

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