Volume 12, Issue 1, June 2025

  • Research Article

    Ethical Dimension of Citizen Journalism; Implication on News Gathering

    Emmanuel Jibb Adams*

    Issue: Volume 12, Issue 1, June 2025
    Pages: 1-10
    Received: 8 December 2024
    Accepted: 25 December 2024
    Published: 29 May 2025
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    Abstract: In the 21st century, citizen journalism has significantly impacted the way news is gathered and reported. It has become a regular contributor to mainstream news, providing information to the public. The interactivity and speed of citizen journalism has posed a challenge to traditional news gathering and dissemination. The paper examined the impact ... Show More
  • Research Article

    The Russian Reflective Control: Theory and Military Applications

    Joao Ricardo da Cunha Croce Lopes*

    Issue: Volume 12, Issue 1, June 2025
    Pages: 11-23
    Received: 15 May 2025
    Accepted: 3 June 2025
    Published: 25 September 2025
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    Abstract: The development of the information security doctrine in the Russian Federation has been underway since the first decade of this century. Currently, the doctrine is applied both at the governmental level and as an instrument for applying military power. From the National Security Doctrine, through the Military Doctrine and analyzing the applications... Show More