Research Article
Laser-based Heat Treatment Process Development for Laser Metal Deposition Layer/s on Heat-sensitive Alloy 17-4 PH: A Systematic Review
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, June 2026
Pages:
1-22
Received:
9 December 2025
Accepted:
20 December 2025
Published:
6 February 2026
Abstract: Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) is a powerful technique for fabricating and repairing complex metal components. However, it often results in residual stresses, uneven microstructures, and inconsistent mechanical properties due to the rapid thermal cycling. Laser-Based Heat Treatment (LBHT) offers a precise, localised post-processing solution to address these challenges, but its application to 17-4 PH stainless steel processed with LMD remains underexplored. This systematic review analysed 55 peer-reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2025, sourced from Scopus, Web of Science, Taylor & Francis Online, and IEEE Xplore. It focused on how LBHT processes parameters such as laser power, scan speed, laser beam diameter, and over-lap ratio affect microstructural evolution, stress relief, precipitation behaviour, and recovery of mechanical performance in LMD 17-4 PH. The review highlights the advantages of LBHT over conventional furnace heat treatments. However, significant gaps remain, including the lack of standardised process parameters, the minimal integration of in situ LBHT during LMD, and limited long-term performance data. Key recommendations include developing hybrid LMD-LBHT systems, applying machine learning to optimise process parameters, and establishing standardised testing and evaluation protocols. This review provides a comprehensive foundation for driving research and enabling reliable use of LBHT in the additive manufacturing of 17-4 PH components.
Abstract: Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) is a powerful technique for fabricating and repairing complex metal components. However, it often results in residual stresses, uneven microstructures, and inconsistent mechanical properties due to the rapid thermal cycling. Laser-Based Heat Treatment (LBHT) offers a precise, localised post-processing solution to addres...
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Research Article
Mechanical Performance and Sustainability Assessment of Construction Waste–Incorporated Concrete for
Socio-Economic and Environmental Benefits
Oguntuyi Abiola Solomon*,
John Wasiu,
Ibrahim Abdulrazaq Olayinka
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, June 2026
Pages:
23-37
Received:
30 January 2026
Accepted:
9 February 2026
Published:
13 April 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajmsp.20261101.12
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Abstract: The rapid growth of construction activities has led to a significant increase in construction and demolition waste, posing serious environmental and socio-economic challenges. This study investigates the feasibility of incorporating multiple construction waste streams—plaster waste, recycled concrete, mortar waste, broken tiles, steel slag, and crushed blocks—into concrete as partial replacements for natural fine and coarse aggregates. Laboratory experiments were conducted to compare the mechanical properties of conventional concrete (CC) and construction waste incorporated concrete (CWICM). Concrete cubes and beams were cast and tested for compressive and flexural strengths at 7, 14, and 28 days of curing. Results show that while CC consistently achieved higher strength values, CWICM demonstrated progressive strength gain with age, reaching 10.00 N/mm² compressive strength and 2.56 N/mm² flexural strength at 28 days. Statistical regression analysis indicated that curing age and maximum crushing load were the most significant predictors of compressive strength. Although strength reduction was observed in waste-based mixes, the performance remains suitable for low-load structural and non-structural applications such as lintels and partition walls. The findings confirm that recycling construction waste in concrete can reduce landfill burden, conserve natural aggregates, lower environmental pollution, and contribute to sustainable construction practices, especially in developing economies.
Abstract: The rapid growth of construction activities has led to a significant increase in construction and demolition waste, posing serious environmental and socio-economic challenges. This study investigates the feasibility of incorporating multiple construction waste streams—plaster waste, recycled concrete, mortar waste, broken tiles, steel slag, and cru...
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