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Challenges of Agricultural Marketing in East Africa Developing Countries
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, December 2023
Pages:
47-58
Received:
14 August 2023
Accepted:
5 September 2023
Published:
20 September 2023
Abstract: In the past as well as at the time being agriculture is the back bone of world’s economy. Especially more than everything, it is very important to developing country like our country. Even though agriculture has old age with human life, still there is no significant change from the previous because of different obstacles. In this systematic review, the researcher tries to review the challenge of agricultural marketing in developing country in east Africa including our country by taking 23 articles. In the review the researcher tries to assess the challenge of agricultural marketing that includes market access, unstable market price, infrastructure, inadequate financial support and drought in the six east Africa developing country including Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and Rwanda. The purpose of this review is to assess the factors that affect agricultural marketing in six east Africa developing country. The study uses systematic literature review methods by reviewing 23 different previous empirical & theoretical studies or articles. This review included the concept of agricultural marketing and its challenge. The reviewer used 23 articles to assess the challenge of agricultural marketing in the six developing countries. The review result shows that drought, less accessibility of market, bad infrastructure, unstable price, and inadequate financial support are the major factor that influences the six developing country agricultural marketing.
Abstract: In the past as well as at the time being agriculture is the back bone of world’s economy. Especially more than everything, it is very important to developing country like our country. Even though agriculture has old age with human life, still there is no significant change from the previous because of different obstacles. In this systematic review,...
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Social Entrepreneurship: The Way Forward to Sustainable Livelihood
Arumugam Sugirtha Rani,
Viswanathan Vaithianathan
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, December 2023
Pages:
59-68
Received:
4 January 2023
Accepted:
15 June 2023
Published:
9 October 2023
Abstract: Women’s entrepreneurship has been a significant driver of both concern and action. However, both in rural and urban areas, there is a very low level of development for women entrepreneurs in India. The government can use social entrepreneurs as a tool to help with problem-solving on the social front. The emphasis must be on empowering women by raising their levels of economic and social influence, participation, and decision-making. This is largely accomplished through the development of Self Help Groups (SHG), and it should be encouraged to foster social entrepreneurship for growth. Social entrepreneurship promotes economic growth, which is crucial for sustainable development. In the context of the chosen SHGs in the Salem district, the social and economic effects of SHG activities on household income, asset creation, savings, the creation of employment opportunities for other women, and the improvement of their social status have been studied. A multistage stratified random sampling technique has been used to select the sample SHGs and sample women SHG members. Simple tools like the percentage method and techniques like the chi-square test and a logic model have been used to analysis the data that has been gathered. Financial institutions have a crucial role in the increasing income, the development of productive assets, and most importantly, in the social empowerment of women by providing loans to them in both urban and rural regions. SHGs are an attempt to achieve this goal. SHG performance, however, has substantially improved. Furthermore, it is claimed that the women’s low socioeconomic status has an impact on their participation in SHGs. The study of the main data gathered shows that the performance of the chosen SHGs has greatly improved, and SHG units have significantly contributed to the economic empowerment of women through increased income, savings and employment of locals. Hence, it may be concluded that self-help groups are regarded as one of the most crucial instruments for promoting a participative strategy for the economic empowerment of women towards the process of sustainable livelihood. SHG is a widely accepted social entrepreneurship and which has the primary of empowering rural poor women, develop their capacity for income generation, and raise the standard of living.
Abstract: Women’s entrepreneurship has been a significant driver of both concern and action. However, both in rural and urban areas, there is a very low level of development for women entrepreneurs in India. The government can use social entrepreneurs as a tool to help with problem-solving on the social front. The emphasis must be on empowering women by rais...
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The Role of Networking and Financial Services on the Performance of Youth-Owned Enterprises in Kigali City, Rwanda
Samuel Hakizimana,
Stephen Muathe,
Lucy Kavinda
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, December 2023
Pages:
69-80
Received:
1 September 2023
Accepted:
21 September 2023
Published:
12 October 2023
Abstract: Youth - owned small and medium enterprises play a critical role in a community's economic well-being and serve as engines of social and economic development in both urban and rural areas. The efficacy of Entrepreneurs has been recognized in many countries as being essential for the global fight against poverty, corporate development, and rapid industrialization. Young entrepreneurs have a crucial role in the processes of creating and maintaining a successful economy as well as insuring inclusive distribution, both in developed nations and in countries still in the process of developing the national economy. Financial services and networking services contribute a lot in the world's financial markets, and in recent decades, its growth has accelerated Financial and networking services are an essential element in both government and non-government activities to increase employment, increase income, and deliver a stable economy. Nevertheless, firms in Rwanda are performing poorly, with business output falling from 58% in 2020 to 30% in 2021. These barriers can be overcome by using financial and networking services as approaches. Consequently, the purpose of this article was to examine the impact of social networking services and the impact of financial services on the performance of youth-owned businesses in Kigali, Rwanda. The key theories comprised resource-based theory, dynamic capacity theory, Schumpeter's Theory of Innovation, Stages of Development Theory, and contingency theory. The research philosophy adopted in this in investigation was positivism. An explanatory study design was used on a sample size of 154 enterprises chosen from a target population of 256 enterprises in Kigali, Rwanda. The research suggests policies and practical implications for improving financial and networking services on the performance of Rwandan youth-owned business entities. The investigation suggests that executives of youth-owned businesses boost their networking and financial services so that firms can learn more and gain vital prospective, allowing them to more effectively handle their businesses and improve their future success and profitability. The Rwandan government should assess the charges levied by the enterprise and the procedure of acquiring a permit to engage in the company's activities. This will make it possible for young business owners to understand and take advantage of numerous financial services and networking services, which will ultimately improve their business performance.
Abstract: Youth - owned small and medium enterprises play a critical role in a community's economic well-being and serve as engines of social and economic development in both urban and rural areas. The efficacy of Entrepreneurs has been recognized in many countries as being essential for the global fight against poverty, corporate development, and rapid indu...
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Research Article
An Empirical Analysis of Capacity Utilization and Total Factor Productivity to Inference on Technical Efficiency Level of Tunisian Manufacturing Industry
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, December 2023
Pages:
81-98
Received:
22 August 2023
Accepted:
20 September 2023
Published:
26 December 2023
Abstract: In this article, we tried to examine the various definitions stated in the literature about the performance and measurement of the capacity utilization rate, the total factor productivity and the technical efficiency. This study stresses two basic points. On the one hand, it gives an idea about the state of the Tunisian manufacturing industry of which it is essential to define the relevant guidance of such economic policy. On the other hand, it presents the stochastic methods, which are able to integrate the multifactor productivity in the cost model, and then the measurement of technical efficiency and the capacity utilization. Our results show that, despite the technological progress, there is a decline in productivity growth over the 1961/2014 period due to the growing inefficiency. The under-use of production capacity in the different sectors of the Tunisian manufacturing industry was considered a consequence of the excess capacity and the lack of efficiency attributed mainly to the lack of competition, which enables farms to operate below their frontier if they are protected on the market.
Abstract: In this article, we tried to examine the various definitions stated in the literature about the performance and measurement of the capacity utilization rate, the total factor productivity and the technical efficiency. This study stresses two basic points. On the one hand, it gives an idea about the state of the Tunisian manufacturing industry of wh...
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