Research Article
Evaluating the Clinical Utility of Glycated Albumin as an Index of Glycaemia in Nigerian Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2025
Pages:
54-63
Received:
25 June 2025
Accepted:
10 July 2025
Published:
28 July 2025
Abstract: Background: Glycated Albumin (GA) has emerged as an alternative glycaemic marker that is gaining attention globally. It provides a measure of short-to-medium term glycaemia (2-4 weeks) and is independent of red blood cell related disorders; in comparison to glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) which is widely used for monitoring glycaemic control. In Nigeria where anaemia and haemoglobinopathies are prevalent, GA could serve as a more reliable and cost-effective index of glycaemic control, and more so in resource-contrained settings. Objective: This study assessed serum GA concentration in 100 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 120 healthy controls, and compared it with traditional glycaemic markers i.e HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study carried out among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients accessing care at a tertiary hospital in North-central Nigeria between November 2020 and October 2021. Serum GA was estimated using an Enzymatic method, while FPG and HbA1c estimation was by Hexokinase and TINIA methods respectively. Results: The study participants were 36% males, mean age of T2DM patients and control group was 57±10yrs and 48±10yrs respectively. GA showed a significant strong positive correlation with HbA1c in T2DM patients and a positive but weak correlation among the control group (rho = 0.785, p-value <0.001 and rho = 0.183, p-value = 0.069, respectively). GA also showed good diagnostic performance when compared to FPG and HbA1c with AUC of 0.762 (p<0.001) and 0.845 (p<0.001) respectively. Conclusion: GA as a glycaemic marker from the findings of this study is useful as a complimentary marker for monitoring and possible diagnostic tool for diabetes mellitus in the Nigerian setting.
Abstract: Background: Glycated Albumin (GA) has emerged as an alternative glycaemic marker that is gaining attention globally. It provides a measure of short-to-medium term glycaemia (2-4 weeks) and is independent of red blood cell related disorders; in comparison to glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) which is widely used for monitoring glycaemic control. In Niger...
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Research Article
Therapeutic Effects of the Aqueous Extract of Desmodium adscendens (Fabaceae) on Type 2 Diabetes Complications in Wistar Rats
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2025
Pages:
64-77
Received:
13 September 2025
Accepted:
28 September 2025
Published:
27 October 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20251003.12
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Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease caused by impaired insulin secretion and/or abnormalities in insulin action on target tissues. Many plants have been shown to be effective in treating diabetes. This study aimed to assess the anti-diabetic activity and antioxidant potential of the aqueous extract of Desmodium adscendens in type 2 diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by prolonged sucrose administration, followed by a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ, at 40 mg/kg). The diabetic rats were then separated into four groups and given different treatments. The first group received distilled water (10 mL/kg), the second group received metformin (200 mg/kg), and the third and fourth groups received aqueous extract of D. adscendens at 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. A fifth group of healthy rats received only distilled water (10 mL/kg). After 28 days of treatment, the animals were sacrificed, and their serum was used for biochemical analysis. The tissue parameters of oxidative stress were evaluated, and histology was performed. Diabetes caused a significant increase (p < 0.001) in blood sugar, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels, in transaminases and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, a significant increase (p < 0.05) in creatinine level, as well as a significant variation (p < 0.001) in tissue parameters of oxidative stress in untreated diabetic rats compared to normal rats. Sucrose and STZ also caused disorganization of the hepatocytes, congestion of the portal vein, thickening of the aortic media and renal mesangial expansion in histological analysis. The aqueous extract of D. adscendens decreases blood glucose levels, inhibits lipid peroxidation and free radicals production, enhances antioxidant capacity and ameliorates the structure of organs that have been disorganized by diabetes. The aqueous extract of D. adscendens enhances diabetic conditions and prevents diabetes-related complications by exhibiting hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant properties.
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease caused by impaired insulin secretion and/or abnormalities in insulin action on target tissues. Many plants have been shown to be effective in treating diabetes. This study aimed to assess the anti-diabetic activity and antioxidant potential of the aqueous extract of Desmodium adscendens in type 2 diabetic ra...
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,
Ayuba Affi Ishaku
