Removal of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Aqueous Solution by Pomegranate Peel Grown in Alziedab Agricultural Scheme - River Nile State, Sudan

Mutasim Elhag Elhussien; Maathir Ahmed Abde lraheem; Rashida Mohammed Hussein; Mawia Hassan Elsaim

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Removal of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Aqueous Solution by Pomegranate Peel Grown in Alziedab Agricultural Scheme - River Nile State, Sudan

Mutasim Elhag Elhussien, Maathir Ahmed Abde lraheem, Rashida Mohammed Hussein, Mawia Hassan Elsaim

Published in Advances in Biochemistry (Volume 5, Issue 5)

Received: 29 July 2017 Accepted: 24 August 2017 Published: 13 September 2017

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Removal of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) antibiotic from aqueous solution onto Activated carbon derived from pomegranate peel wastes collected from Alziedab Agricultural Scheme at River Nile state, Sudan as a novel precursorby chemical activation with Potassium Hydroxide (KOH), at specific condition of carbonization temperature at 500°C and 1 hour as a holding time and detonated as (AC(PPZS)KOH. The obtained material was submitted to measurements of active surface area, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Batch-adsorption studied had been carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the AC(PPZS)KOH for the removal of Ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution. The effect of various process parameters like pH, initial antibiotic concentration, adsorbent dose, and contact time, on the efficiency of Ciprofloxacin removal was investigated. Maximum adsorption of Ciprofloxacin on AC(PPZS)KOH, (86.4 ± 5.7%) was observed at pH 8. The optimum adsorbent dose was determined as 0.05 g at 25°C. Initial Ciprofloxacin concentrations has important effect on AC(PPZS)KOH in the studied range (50–300 mg/L) where the removal percentage increases as the antibiotic concentration decrease. The adsorption equilibrium data was well explained by Freundlich isotherm. The results reveal the Langmuir model is not able to describe the experimental data properly, poor less of fitting on AC(PPZS)KOH. The Freundlich isotherm experimental data obtained showed (Correlation Coefficient, R² = 0.991) higher than Langmuir isotherm, R² = 0.919). The porous characteristics and adsorption efficiencies of prepared AC(PPZS)KOH were also investigated.

Published in	Advances in Biochemistry (Volume 5, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12
Page(s)	89-96
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Adsorption Isotherms, Activated Carbon, Pomegranate Peel, Ciprofloxacin, SEM, FTIR

References

[1]	Caliman, F. A., & Gavrilescu, M. "Pharmaceuticals, Personal Care Products and Endocrine Disrupting Agents in the Environment"- A Review. CLEAN –Soil, A ir, Water, pp 277-303, 2009.
[2]	Fick, J., Söderström, H., Linderberg, R. H., Phan, C., Tysklind, M., & Joakim Larsson, D, "Contamination of Surface, Ground, and Drinking Water from Pharmaceutical Production", Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, pp 2522-2527, 2009.
[3]	Giger, W., Alder, A. C., Golet, E. M., Kohler, H.-P. E., Mc Ardell, C. S., Molnar, E., "Occurence and Fate of Antibiotics as Trace Contaminants in Wastewaters, Sewage Sludges, and Surface Waters", Chimia 57, pp 485-491, 2003.
[4]	Dror Avisar, Orna Primor, Igal Gozlan and Hadas Mamane, "Sorption of Sulfonamide Tetracyclines to Montmorillonite Clay", Water Air Soil Pollut., 209, 1-4, pp 439-450, 2010.
[5]	Kolpin, D. W.; Furlong, E. T.; Meyer, M. T.; Thurman, E. M.; Zaugg, S. D.; Barber, L. B.; Buxton, H. T, "Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic waste water contaminants in U.S. streams, 1999-2000:
[6]	Glen D. Park, Pharm D; Reynold Spector, MD; Mark J. Goldberg, MD and George F. Johnson, "Expanded Role of Charcoal Therapy in the Poisoned and Overdosed Patient", Arch Intern. Med. 146(5), pp. 969-973, 1986.
[7]	Cassidy S. L., Hale A., Buss D. C. and Routledge P. A., "Invitro drug adsorption to charcoal, silicats, acry late copolymer and silicon oil with charcoal and with acrylate copolymer", Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 16 (1), pp 25-27, 1997.
[8]	Reem Adham AL-Bayati," Adsorption– Desorption Isotherm of One of Antidibetic Drug from Aqueous Solutions on Some Pharmaceutical Adsorbents", European Journal of Scientific Research, 40,. 4, pp.580-588, 2010.
[9]	Figueroa, R. A., Leonard, A., & Mackay, A. A, "Modeling tetracycline antibioticsorption in clays", Environmental Science & Technology, 38, pp 476–483, 2004.
[10]	Ter Laak, T. L., Gebbink, W., & Tolls, J., "The effect of pH and ionic strength on the sorption of sulfachloropyridazine, tylosin, and oxytetracycline to soil", Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry, 25(4), pp 904–911, 2006.
[11]	Omar S. Alkhazrajy, Maha A. Al-Abayaji and Mohammed H. Abdul Latif, "Adsorption of Metoclopromide Hydrochloride onto burned initiated Iraqibentonite", journal of Alnahrain University, 15(2), pp 35-46, 2012.
[12]	Isa. S. A., Jasim S. M., and Hussein H. K., "Investigation of bentonite clay surface asaphysical antidote of Amitriptyline HCl, chlorpromazine HCl and Chlordizepoxide HCl from solution", J. Iraqi Pharm. 8 (2), pp 62-68, 2002.
[13]	Al-Tamimi. R. J.," Study of the ability of selected surface in adsorption of somdrugs from solution", Msc. Thesis, college of Science, University of Baghdad, 2002.
[14]	Rossi S, "Australian Medicines Handbook" (2^nd ed). Adelaide, 2006.
[15]	Carabineiro, S. A. C., Thavorn-amornsri, T., Pereira, M. F. R., Serp, P., Figueiredo, J. L.: Comparison between activated carbon, carbon xerogel and carbon nanotubes for the adsorption of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Catalysis Today, 186, 29 -34 (2012).
[16]	Ibezim, E. C., Ofoefule, S. I., Ejeahalaka, C. N. E., Orisakwe, O. E.: In vitro adsorption of ciprofloxacin on activated charcoal and talc. American Journal of Terapeutics, 6(4), 199-201 (1999).
[17]	El-Shafey, E. S. I., Al-Lawati, H., Al-Sumri, A.S.: Ciprofloxacin adsorption from aqueous solution onto chemically prepared carbon from date palm leaflets. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 24(9), 1579-1586 (2012).
[18]	Wu, Q., Li, Z., Hong, H.: Influence of types and charges of exchan geable cations on ciprofloxacin sorption by montmorillonite. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Materials Science, 27(3), 516-522 (2012).
[19]	Carrasquillo, A. J., Bruland, G. L., Mackay, A. A., Vasudevan, D.: Sorption of ciprofloxacin and oxytetracycline zwitterions to soils and soil materials: influence of compound structure. Environmental Science and Technology, 42, 7634-7642 (2008).
[20]	Vasudevan, D., Bruland, G. L., Torrance, B. S., Upchurch, V. G., Mac Kay, A. A.: pH-dependent ciprofloxacin sorption to soil: Interaction mechanisms and soil factors influencing sorption. Geoderma, 151, 68-76 (2009).
[21]	Conkle, J. L., Lattao, C., White, J. R., Cook, R. L.: Competitive sorption and desorption behavior for three fluoroquinolone antibiotics in a waste water treatment wetland soil. Chemosphere, 80(11), 1353-1359 (2010).
[22]	Wang, C. J., Li, Z., Jiang, W. T.: Adsorption of ciprofloxacin on 2:1 dioctahedral clay minerals. Applied Clay Science, 53,723-728 (2011).
[23]	Li, Z., Hong, H., Liao, L., Ackley, C. J., Schulz, L. A., MacDonald, R. A., Mihelich, A. L., Emard, S. M.: A mechanistic study of ciprofloxacin removal by kaolinite. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 88, 339-344 (2011).
[24]	Zhang, C. L., Qiao, G. L., Zhao, F., Wang, Y.: Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of ciprofloxacin adsorption onto modified coal fly ash from aqueous solution. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 163, 53-56 (2011).
[25]	Wu, C., Spongberg, A. L., Witter, J. D.: Sorption and biodegradation of selected antibiotics in biosolids. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A, 44: 454-461 (2009).
[26]	Bajpai, S. K., Bajpai, M., Rai, N.: Sorptive removal of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride from simulated wastewater using sawdust: Kinetic study and effect of pH. Water SA, 38(5), 673-682 (2012).
[27]	Jiang, W. T., Chang, P. H., Wang, Y. S., Tsai, Y., Jean, J. S., Li, Z., Krukowski, K.: Removal of ciprofloxacin from water by birnessite. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 250-251, 362-369 (2013).
[28]	Shi, S., Fan, Y. W., Huang, Y. M.: Facile low temperature hydrothermal synthesis of magnetic mesoporous carbon nanocomposite for adsorption removal of ciprofloxacin antibiotics. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 52(7), 2604-2612 (2013).
[29]	Reynaud, F., Tsapis, N., Deyme, M., Vasconcelos, T. G., Gueutin, C., Guterres, S. S., Pohlmann, AR, Fattal, E.: Spray-dried chitosan-metal microparticles for ciprofloxacin adsorption: Kinetic and equilibrium studies. Soft Matter, 7(16), 7304-7312 (2011).
[30]	Gu, C., Karthikeyan, K. G.: Sorption of the antimicrobial ciprofloxacin to aluminum and iron hydrous oxides. Environmental Science and Technology, 39, 9166-9173 (2005).
[31]	Rakshit, S., Sarkar, D., Elzinga, E. J., Punamiya, P, Datta, R.: Mechanisms of ciprofloxacin removal by nano -sized magnetite. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 246-247, 221-226 (2013).
[32]	Edith Cristina Laignier Caze dey, Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado., Spectrophotometric Determination of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride in Ophthalmic Solution., Advances in Analytical Chemistry 2012, 2(6): 74-79.
[33]	Affo, W., Mensah-Brown, H., Awuku, J. F., Markwo, A. Quantitative Analysis of Ciprofloxacin Sodium Chloride Pharmaceutical Infusions Using Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy., ARPN Journal of Science and Technology., Vol. 3, NO. 3, March 2013.
[34]	Dhafir T. Ajeel Al-Heetimi, Muna Abdul Rasool Kadhum and Omar S. Alkhazrajy., Adsorption of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Aqueous Solutionby Iraqi Porcelinaite Adsorbent., Journal of Al-Nahrain University Vol. 17 (1), March, 2014, pp.41-49.
[35]	Choy, K. K. H., Porter, J. F., McKay, G. Langmuir isotherm models applied to the multi component sorption of acid dyes from effluent onto activated carbon, Chemical Engineering Journal, 45, 2000, 575-584.
[36]	Mutasim H. Elhussien, Yusuf M Isa., 2015― Langmuir, Freundlich Adsorption Isotherms and Kinetics for the Removal of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solution using Activated Carbon Derived from Pods of Acacia nilotica var astringens (Sunt tree) by Chemical Activation with ZnCl₂, Chemical Process and Engineering Research, vol. (38): 25-34.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Mutasim Elhag Elhussien, Maathir Ahmed Abde lraheem, Rashida Mohammed Hussein, Mawia Hassan Elsaim. (2017). Removal of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Aqueous Solution by Pomegranate Peel Grown in Alziedab Agricultural Scheme - River Nile State, Sudan. Advances in Biochemistry, 5(5), 89-96. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Mutasim Elhag Elhussien; Maathir Ahmed Abde lraheem; Rashida Mohammed Hussein; Mawia Hassan Elsaim. Removal of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Aqueous Solution by Pomegranate Peel Grown in Alziedab Agricultural Scheme - River Nile State, Sudan. Adv. Biochem. 2017, 5(5), 89-96. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Mutasim Elhag Elhussien, Maathir Ahmed Abde lraheem, Rashida Mohammed Hussein, Mawia Hassan Elsaim. Removal of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Aqueous Solution by Pomegranate Peel Grown in Alziedab Agricultural Scheme - River Nile State, Sudan. Adv Biochem. 2017;5(5):89-96. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12,
  author = {Mutasim Elhag Elhussien and Maathir Ahmed Abde lraheem and Rashida Mohammed Hussein and Mawia Hassan Elsaim},
  title = {Removal of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Aqueous Solution by Pomegranate Peel Grown in Alziedab Agricultural Scheme - River Nile State, Sudan},
  journal = {Advances in Biochemistry},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {89-96},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ab.20170505.12},
  abstract = {Removal of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) antibiotic from aqueous solution onto Activated carbon derived from pomegranate peel wastes collected from Alziedab Agricultural Scheme at River Nile state, Sudan as a novel precursorby chemical activation with Potassium Hydroxide (KOH), at specific condition of carbonization temperature at 500°C and 1 hour as a holding time and detonated as (AC(PPZS)KOH. The obtained material was submitted to measurements of active surface area, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Batch-adsorption studied had been carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the AC(PPZS)KOH for the removal of Ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution. The effect of various process parameters like pH, initial antibiotic concentration, adsorbent dose, and contact time, on the efficiency of Ciprofloxacin removal was investigated. Maximum adsorption of Ciprofloxacin on AC(PPZS)KOH, (86.4 ± 5.7%) was observed at pH 8. The optimum adsorbent dose was determined as 0.05 g at 25°C. Initial Ciprofloxacin concentrations has important effect on AC(PPZS)KOH in the studied range (50–300 mg/L) where the removal percentage increases as the antibiotic concentration decrease. The adsorption equilibrium data was well explained by Freundlich isotherm. The results reveal the Langmuir model is not able to describe the experimental data properly, poor less of fitting on AC(PPZS)KOH. The Freundlich isotherm experimental data obtained showed (Correlation Coefficient, R2 = 0.991) higher than Langmuir isotherm, R2 = 0.919). The porous characteristics and adsorption efficiencies of prepared AC(PPZS)KOH were also investigated.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Removal of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Aqueous Solution by Pomegranate Peel Grown in Alziedab Agricultural Scheme - River Nile State, Sudan
AU  - Mutasim Elhag Elhussien
AU  - Maathir Ahmed Abde lraheem
AU  - Rashida Mohammed Hussein
AU  - Mawia Hassan Elsaim
Y1  - 2017/09/13
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12
T2  - Advances in Biochemistry
JF  - Advances in Biochemistry
JO  - Advances in Biochemistry
SP  - 89
EP  - 96
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0862
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12
AB  - Removal of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) antibiotic from aqueous solution onto Activated carbon derived from pomegranate peel wastes collected from Alziedab Agricultural Scheme at River Nile state, Sudan as a novel precursorby chemical activation with Potassium Hydroxide (KOH), at specific condition of carbonization temperature at 500°C and 1 hour as a holding time and detonated as (AC(PPZS)KOH. The obtained material was submitted to measurements of active surface area, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Batch-adsorption studied had been carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the AC(PPZS)KOH for the removal of Ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution. The effect of various process parameters like pH, initial antibiotic concentration, adsorbent dose, and contact time, on the efficiency of Ciprofloxacin removal was investigated. Maximum adsorption of Ciprofloxacin on AC(PPZS)KOH, (86.4 ± 5.7%) was observed at pH 8. The optimum adsorbent dose was determined as 0.05 g at 25°C. Initial Ciprofloxacin concentrations has important effect on AC(PPZS)KOH in the studied range (50–300 mg/L) where the removal percentage increases as the antibiotic concentration decrease. The adsorption equilibrium data was well explained by Freundlich isotherm. The results reveal the Langmuir model is not able to describe the experimental data properly, poor less of fitting on AC(PPZS)KOH. The Freundlich isotherm experimental data obtained showed (Correlation Coefficient, R2 = 0.991) higher than Langmuir isotherm, R2 = 0.919). The porous characteristics and adsorption efficiencies of prepared AC(PPZS)KOH were also investigated.
VL  - 5
IS  - 5
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Mutasim Elhag Elhussien

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Nile Valley University, Atbara, Sudan
Maathir Ahmed Abde lraheem

Chemical Laboratories, Ministry of Health & Population, Atbara, Sudan
Rashida Mohammed Hussein

Department of Chemistry, Inaya Medical College, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Mawia Hassan Elsaim

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Abdulatif Alhamed University of Technology, Merowe, Sudan

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Mutasim Elhag Elhussien, Maathir Ahmed Abde lraheem, Rashida Mohammed Hussein, Mawia Hassan Elsaim. (2017). Removal of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Aqueous Solution by Pomegranate Peel Grown in Alziedab Agricultural Scheme - River Nile State, Sudan. Advances in Biochemistry, 5(5), 89-96. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Mutasim Elhag Elhussien; Maathir Ahmed Abde lraheem; Rashida Mohammed Hussein; Mawia Hassan Elsaim. Removal of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Aqueous Solution by Pomegranate Peel Grown in Alziedab Agricultural Scheme - River Nile State, Sudan. Adv. Biochem. 2017, 5(5), 89-96. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Mutasim Elhag Elhussien, Maathir Ahmed Abde lraheem, Rashida Mohammed Hussein, Mawia Hassan Elsaim. Removal of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Aqueous Solution by Pomegranate Peel Grown in Alziedab Agricultural Scheme - River Nile State, Sudan. Adv Biochem. 2017;5(5):89-96. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12,
  author = {Mutasim Elhag Elhussien and Maathir Ahmed Abde lraheem and Rashida Mohammed Hussein and Mawia Hassan Elsaim},
  title = {Removal of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Aqueous Solution by Pomegranate Peel Grown in Alziedab Agricultural Scheme - River Nile State, Sudan},
  journal = {Advances in Biochemistry},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {89-96},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ab.20170505.12},
  abstract = {Removal of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) antibiotic from aqueous solution onto Activated carbon derived from pomegranate peel wastes collected from Alziedab Agricultural Scheme at River Nile state, Sudan as a novel precursorby chemical activation with Potassium Hydroxide (KOH), at specific condition of carbonization temperature at 500°C and 1 hour as a holding time and detonated as (AC(PPZS)KOH. The obtained material was submitted to measurements of active surface area, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Batch-adsorption studied had been carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the AC(PPZS)KOH for the removal of Ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution. The effect of various process parameters like pH, initial antibiotic concentration, adsorbent dose, and contact time, on the efficiency of Ciprofloxacin removal was investigated. Maximum adsorption of Ciprofloxacin on AC(PPZS)KOH, (86.4 ± 5.7%) was observed at pH 8. The optimum adsorbent dose was determined as 0.05 g at 25°C. Initial Ciprofloxacin concentrations has important effect on AC(PPZS)KOH in the studied range (50–300 mg/L) where the removal percentage increases as the antibiotic concentration decrease. The adsorption equilibrium data was well explained by Freundlich isotherm. The results reveal the Langmuir model is not able to describe the experimental data properly, poor less of fitting on AC(PPZS)KOH. The Freundlich isotherm experimental data obtained showed (Correlation Coefficient, R2 = 0.991) higher than Langmuir isotherm, R2 = 0.919). The porous characteristics and adsorption efficiencies of prepared AC(PPZS)KOH were also investigated.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Removal of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Aqueous Solution by Pomegranate Peel Grown in Alziedab Agricultural Scheme - River Nile State, Sudan
AU  - Mutasim Elhag Elhussien
AU  - Maathir Ahmed Abde lraheem
AU  - Rashida Mohammed Hussein
AU  - Mawia Hassan Elsaim
Y1  - 2017/09/13
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12
T2  - Advances in Biochemistry
JF  - Advances in Biochemistry
JO  - Advances in Biochemistry
SP  - 89
EP  - 96
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0862
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20170505.12
AB  - Removal of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) antibiotic from aqueous solution onto Activated carbon derived from pomegranate peel wastes collected from Alziedab Agricultural Scheme at River Nile state, Sudan as a novel precursorby chemical activation with Potassium Hydroxide (KOH), at specific condition of carbonization temperature at 500°C and 1 hour as a holding time and detonated as (AC(PPZS)KOH. The obtained material was submitted to measurements of active surface area, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Batch-adsorption studied had been carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the AC(PPZS)KOH for the removal of Ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution. The effect of various process parameters like pH, initial antibiotic concentration, adsorbent dose, and contact time, on the efficiency of Ciprofloxacin removal was investigated. Maximum adsorption of Ciprofloxacin on AC(PPZS)KOH, (86.4 ± 5.7%) was observed at pH 8. The optimum adsorbent dose was determined as 0.05 g at 25°C. Initial Ciprofloxacin concentrations has important effect on AC(PPZS)KOH in the studied range (50–300 mg/L) where the removal percentage increases as the antibiotic concentration decrease. The adsorption equilibrium data was well explained by Freundlich isotherm. The results reveal the Langmuir model is not able to describe the experimental data properly, poor less of fitting on AC(PPZS)KOH. The Freundlich isotherm experimental data obtained showed (Correlation Coefficient, R2 = 0.991) higher than Langmuir isotherm, R2 = 0.919). The porous characteristics and adsorption efficiencies of prepared AC(PPZS)KOH were also investigated.
VL  - 5
IS  - 5
ER  -

Copy | Download