Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) Capacity as Raw Material for Cationic Exchanger Realization

Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara; Marie Nicole Rabemananjara; Nambinina Richard Randriana

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12

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Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) Capacity as Raw Material for Cationic Exchanger Realization

Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara, Marie Nicole Rabemananjara, Nambinina Richard Randriana

Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 7, Issue 2)

Received: 15 March 2019 Accepted: 22 April 2019 Published: 15 May 2019

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Abstract

The molecular structure of black citric acid polymer (PN) and their hydracids acids functions allowed without doubt their capacities to be potential raw materials for realizing a cationic exchanger. So, the objective of this publication was to study this capacity after activation with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Two black citric acid polymers PN-2-crispy and PN-3-soft were synthesized whose PN equivalent contents and acidity were evaluated by NaOH-0.05N measuring-out and by Boehm titration. After NaOH-activation which efficacy depends on the PN-size after sieving, two activated-PN were obtained such as PN-2-Na and PN-3-Na whose Na⁺ contents were determined by HCl-0,049N titration. Then, exchange cationic tests with CaCO₃ solution were carried out on these activated-PN and the Ca²⁺ contents of treated solution and Ca²⁺ on used PN-2-Na, PN-3-Na was followed by EDTA-complexometric titration. Also, Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ on used activated-PN were measuring-out by HCl titration. Results showed clearly that PN once activated with NaOH could carried out cationic exchange and the PN-3-Na was largely active all the time than the PN-2-Na. A global mechanism evolution of these PN-cationic exchange was proposed and also its global kinetic study was done by following-up the [Ca²⁺] concentration of treated solution. Results showed that these PN-cationic exchange was second order related with [Ca²⁺] concentration of treated solution and the speed constant of PN-2-Na was inferior to the speed constant of PN-3-Na confirming its Ca²⁺ retention capacity.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 7, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12
Page(s)	47-58
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN), Sodium Hydroxide, PN-Activation, Chloride Acid, Calcium Carbonate, Cationic Exchange, Complexometric-EDTA, Kinetics

References

[1]	Sammy Eric ANDRIAMBOLA – «Valorisation de l’acide citrique en polymères et en sels de mono- di- et tri-ammonium». Mémoire de fin d’étude en vue de l’obtention du diplôme d’Ingénieur en Génie Chimique. E. S. P. A. Université d’Antananarivo. 2013.
[2]	Andry Tahina RABEHARITSARA, Behevitra ROVATAHIANJANAHARY, Nambinina Richard RANDRIANA – «Pine Wood Powder Treatment To B⁺XH⁺ Homogeneous Catalyst (H⁺/H₂SO₄) Supported On Its Aromatics And PNA – Application In Black Citric Acid Polymer Synthesis». American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology. Vol. 4, No. 1, 2018, pp. 1-27. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.11.
[3]	Behevitra ROVATAHIANJANAHARY - «Synthèse de catalyseurs homogènes B⁺XH⁺ supportés sur les alcènes des aromatiques et des polynucléaires aromatiques oxygénés composant le bois du pin par traitement à l’acide sulfurique – Application dans la synthèse des polymères noires d’acide citrique». Mémoire de fin d’étude en vue de l’obtention du diplôme de Licence en génie des procédés chimiques et industriels. Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique Antananarivo (E. S. P. A) – Université d’Antananarivo. 2018.
[4]	Andry Tahina RABEHARITSARA, Marie Nicole RABEMANANJARA, Nambinina Richard RANDRIANA, Haritiana Jeannelle RAKOTONIRINA, Edouard ANDRIANARISON, André RAZAFIMANDEFITRA, Baholy ROBIJAONA. «Auto-Inflammation Test of Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) and Fuel Oil (FO) Mixes – Coke Formation». American Journal of Applied Chemistry. Vol.5, No. 3, June 2017. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20170503.11.
[5]	Marie Louise Nicole RABEMANANJARA. «Test d’auto-inflammation du mélange polymère noir d’acide citrique (PN) et du fuel oil (FO) – Etude de la formation de coke». Mémoire de fin d’étude en vue de l’obtention du diplôme de Licence en génie des procédés chimiques et industriels. Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique Antananarivo (E. S. P. A) – Université d’Antananarivo. 2017.
[6]	H. P. Boehm, Adv. Catalysis, 1966, 16, 179
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[8]	Jan Schönherr, Johannes R. Buchheim, Peter Scholz and Phillip Adelhelm. Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena). «Boehm Titration Revisited (Part I): Practical Aspects for Achieving a High Precision in Quantifying Oxygen-Containing Surface Groups on Carbon Materials» – C-Journal of Carbon Research, Received: 7 March 2018; Accepted: 30 March 2018; Published: 6 April 2018.
[9]	Nicolas KANIA. Université d’Artois – Faculté des Sciences Jean Perrin. «Utilisations de charbons actifs dans des procédés d’adsorption de Composés Organiques Volatils et des procédés de catalyse dans l’eau».
[10]	International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (2004), «Definitions of Terms Relating to Reactions of Polymers and Functional Polymeric Materials (IUPAC Recommendations 2003)», Pure Appl. Chem., 76(4): 889-906, doi: 10.1351/pac200476040889.
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APA Style

Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara, Marie Nicole Rabemananjara, Nambinina Richard Randriana. (2019). Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) Capacity as Raw Material for Cationic Exchanger Realization. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 7(2), 47-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12

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ACS Style

Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara; Marie Nicole Rabemananjara; Nambinina Richard Randriana. Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) Capacity as Raw Material for Cationic Exchanger Realization. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2019, 7(2), 47-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12

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AMA Style

Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara, Marie Nicole Rabemananjara, Nambinina Richard Randriana. Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) Capacity as Raw Material for Cationic Exchanger Realization. Am J Appl Chem. 2019;7(2):47-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12,
  author = {Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara and Marie Nicole Rabemananjara and Nambinina Richard Randriana},
  title = {Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) Capacity as Raw Material for Cationic Exchanger Realization},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {47-58},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20190702.12},
  abstract = {The molecular structure of black citric acid polymer (PN) and their hydracids acids functions allowed without doubt their capacities to be potential raw materials for realizing a cationic exchanger. So, the objective of this publication was to study this capacity after activation with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Two black citric acid polymers PN-2-crispy and PN-3-soft were synthesized whose PN equivalent contents and acidity were evaluated by NaOH-0.05N measuring-out and by Boehm titration. After NaOH-activation which efficacy depends on the PN-size after sieving, two activated-PN were obtained such as PN-2-Na and PN-3-Na whose Na+ contents were determined by HCl-0,049N titration. Then, exchange cationic tests with CaCO3 solution were carried out on these activated-PN and the Ca2+ contents of treated solution and Ca2+ on used PN-2-Na, PN-3-Na was followed by EDTA-complexometric titration. Also, Na+ and Ca2+ on used activated-PN were measuring-out by HCl titration. Results showed clearly that PN once activated with NaOH could carried out cationic exchange and the PN-3-Na was largely active all the time than the PN-2-Na. A global mechanism evolution of these PN-cationic exchange was proposed and also its global kinetic study was done by following-up the [Ca2+] concentration of treated solution. Results showed that these PN-cationic exchange was second order related with [Ca2+] concentration of treated solution and the speed constant of PN-2-Na was inferior to the speed constant of PN-3-Na confirming its Ca2+ retention capacity.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) Capacity as Raw Material for Cationic Exchanger Realization
AU  - Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara
AU  - Marie Nicole Rabemananjara
AU  - Nambinina Richard Randriana
Y1  - 2019/05/15
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12
T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP  - 47
EP  - 58
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8745
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12
AB  - The molecular structure of black citric acid polymer (PN) and their hydracids acids functions allowed without doubt their capacities to be potential raw materials for realizing a cationic exchanger. So, the objective of this publication was to study this capacity after activation with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Two black citric acid polymers PN-2-crispy and PN-3-soft were synthesized whose PN equivalent contents and acidity were evaluated by NaOH-0.05N measuring-out and by Boehm titration. After NaOH-activation which efficacy depends on the PN-size after sieving, two activated-PN were obtained such as PN-2-Na and PN-3-Na whose Na+ contents were determined by HCl-0,049N titration. Then, exchange cationic tests with CaCO3 solution were carried out on these activated-PN and the Ca2+ contents of treated solution and Ca2+ on used PN-2-Na, PN-3-Na was followed by EDTA-complexometric titration. Also, Na+ and Ca2+ on used activated-PN were measuring-out by HCl titration. Results showed clearly that PN once activated with NaOH could carried out cationic exchange and the PN-3-Na was largely active all the time than the PN-2-Na. A global mechanism evolution of these PN-cationic exchange was proposed and also its global kinetic study was done by following-up the [Ca2+] concentration of treated solution. Results showed that these PN-cationic exchange was second order related with [Ca2+] concentration of treated solution and the speed constant of PN-2-Na was inferior to the speed constant of PN-3-Na confirming its Ca2+ retention capacity.
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara

Chemical Process Engineering Department (E. S. P. A), Antananarivo University, Antananarivo, Madagascar
Marie Nicole Rabemananjara

Chemical Process Engineering Department (E. S. P. A), Antananarivo University, Antananarivo, Madagascar
Nambinina Richard Randriana

Chemical Process Engineering Department (E. S. P. A), Antananarivo University, Antananarivo, Madagascar

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APA Style

Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara, Marie Nicole Rabemananjara, Nambinina Richard Randriana. (2019). Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) Capacity as Raw Material for Cationic Exchanger Realization. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 7(2), 47-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12

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ACS Style

Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara; Marie Nicole Rabemananjara; Nambinina Richard Randriana. Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) Capacity as Raw Material for Cationic Exchanger Realization. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2019, 7(2), 47-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12

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AMA Style

Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara, Marie Nicole Rabemananjara, Nambinina Richard Randriana. Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) Capacity as Raw Material for Cationic Exchanger Realization. Am J Appl Chem. 2019;7(2):47-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12,
  author = {Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara and Marie Nicole Rabemananjara and Nambinina Richard Randriana},
  title = {Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) Capacity as Raw Material for Cationic Exchanger Realization},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {47-58},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20190702.12},
  abstract = {The molecular structure of black citric acid polymer (PN) and their hydracids acids functions allowed without doubt their capacities to be potential raw materials for realizing a cationic exchanger. So, the objective of this publication was to study this capacity after activation with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Two black citric acid polymers PN-2-crispy and PN-3-soft were synthesized whose PN equivalent contents and acidity were evaluated by NaOH-0.05N measuring-out and by Boehm titration. After NaOH-activation which efficacy depends on the PN-size after sieving, two activated-PN were obtained such as PN-2-Na and PN-3-Na whose Na+ contents were determined by HCl-0,049N titration. Then, exchange cationic tests with CaCO3 solution were carried out on these activated-PN and the Ca2+ contents of treated solution and Ca2+ on used PN-2-Na, PN-3-Na was followed by EDTA-complexometric titration. Also, Na+ and Ca2+ on used activated-PN were measuring-out by HCl titration. Results showed clearly that PN once activated with NaOH could carried out cationic exchange and the PN-3-Na was largely active all the time than the PN-2-Na. A global mechanism evolution of these PN-cationic exchange was proposed and also its global kinetic study was done by following-up the [Ca2+] concentration of treated solution. Results showed that these PN-cationic exchange was second order related with [Ca2+] concentration of treated solution and the speed constant of PN-2-Na was inferior to the speed constant of PN-3-Na confirming its Ca2+ retention capacity.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) Capacity as Raw Material for Cationic Exchanger Realization
AU  - Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara
AU  - Marie Nicole Rabemananjara
AU  - Nambinina Richard Randriana
Y1  - 2019/05/15
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12
T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP  - 47
EP  - 58
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8745
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20190702.12
AB  - The molecular structure of black citric acid polymer (PN) and their hydracids acids functions allowed without doubt their capacities to be potential raw materials for realizing a cationic exchanger. So, the objective of this publication was to study this capacity after activation with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Two black citric acid polymers PN-2-crispy and PN-3-soft were synthesized whose PN equivalent contents and acidity were evaluated by NaOH-0.05N measuring-out and by Boehm titration. After NaOH-activation which efficacy depends on the PN-size after sieving, two activated-PN were obtained such as PN-2-Na and PN-3-Na whose Na+ contents were determined by HCl-0,049N titration. Then, exchange cationic tests with CaCO3 solution were carried out on these activated-PN and the Ca2+ contents of treated solution and Ca2+ on used PN-2-Na, PN-3-Na was followed by EDTA-complexometric titration. Also, Na+ and Ca2+ on used activated-PN were measuring-out by HCl titration. Results showed clearly that PN once activated with NaOH could carried out cationic exchange and the PN-3-Na was largely active all the time than the PN-2-Na. A global mechanism evolution of these PN-cationic exchange was proposed and also its global kinetic study was done by following-up the [Ca2+] concentration of treated solution. Results showed that these PN-cationic exchange was second order related with [Ca2+] concentration of treated solution and the speed constant of PN-2-Na was inferior to the speed constant of PN-3-Na confirming its Ca2+ retention capacity.
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
ER  -

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