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Isolation and Characterization of an Entophytic Ethanol Resistant Bacterium from Sap of Saccharum officinarum for Efficient Fermentation
Rukshika Shalani Hewawasam,
Sisira Weliwegamage,
Sanath Rajapakse,
Subramanium Sotheeswaran
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, April 2019
Pages:
42-46
Received:
23 December 2017
Accepted:
6 March 2018
Published:
9 May 2019
Abstract: Bio fuel is one of the emerging industries around the world due to arise of crisis in petroleum fuel. Fermentation is a cost effective and eco-friendly process in production of bio-fuel. One major problem in microbial ethanol fermentation is the low resistance of conventional microorganisms to the high ethanol concentrations, which ultimately lead to decrease in the efficiency of the process. In the present investigation, an ethanol resistant bacterium was isolated from sap of Saccharum officinarum (sugar cane). The optimal cultural conditions such as, temperature, incubation period, and microbiological characteristics, morphological characteristics, biochemical characteristics, ethanol tolerance, sugar tolerance were investigated. Isolated microorganism was tolerated to 18% (V/V) of ethanol concentration in the medium and 35% (V/V) glucose concentration in the medium. Biochemical characteristics have revealed as Gram negative, non-motile, negative for Indole test, Methyl Red test, Voges- Proskauer`s test, Citrate Utilization test, and Urease test and positive results for Oxidase test. Sucrose, Glucose, Fructose, Maltose, Dextrose, Arabinose, Raffinose, Lactose, and Sachcharose can be utilized by this particular bacterium. It is a significant feature in effective fermentation. The fermentation process was carried out in glucose medium under optimum conditions; temperature 30°C, and incubated for 72 hours. Maximum ethanol production was recorded as 12.8±0.4% (V/V). Methanol was not detected throughout the fermentation process. This bacterium is especially useful in bio-fuel production due to high ethanol tolerance of this microorganism; it can be used to enhance the fermentation process over conventional microorganisms. Investigations are currently conducted on establishing the identity of the bacterium.
Abstract: Bio fuel is one of the emerging industries around the world due to arise of crisis in petroleum fuel. Fermentation is a cost effective and eco-friendly process in production of bio-fuel. One major problem in microbial ethanol fermentation is the low resistance of conventional microorganisms to the high ethanol concentrations, which ultimately lead ...
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Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) Capacity as Raw Material for Cationic Exchanger Realization
Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara,
Marie Nicole Rabemananjara,
Nambinina Richard Randriana
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, April 2019
Pages:
47-58
Received:
15 March 2019
Accepted:
22 April 2019
Published:
15 May 2019
Abstract: The molecular structure of black citric acid polymer (PN) and their hydracids acids functions allowed without doubt their capacities to be potential raw materials for realizing a cationic exchanger. So, the objective of this publication was to study this capacity after activation with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Two black citric acid polymers PN-2-crispy and PN-3-soft were synthesized whose PN equivalent contents and acidity were evaluated by NaOH-0.05N measuring-out and by Boehm titration. After NaOH-activation which efficacy depends on the PN-size after sieving, two activated-PN were obtained such as PN-2-Na and PN-3-Na whose Na+ contents were determined by HCl-0,049N titration. Then, exchange cationic tests with CaCO3 solution were carried out on these activated-PN and the Ca2+ contents of treated solution and Ca2+ on used PN-2-Na, PN-3-Na was followed by EDTA-complexometric titration. Also, Na+ and Ca2+ on used activated-PN were measuring-out by HCl titration. Results showed clearly that PN once activated with NaOH could carried out cationic exchange and the PN-3-Na was largely active all the time than the PN-2-Na. A global mechanism evolution of these PN-cationic exchange was proposed and also its global kinetic study was done by following-up the [Ca2+] concentration of treated solution. Results showed that these PN-cationic exchange was second order related with [Ca2+] concentration of treated solution and the speed constant of PN-2-Na was inferior to the speed constant of PN-3-Na confirming its Ca2+ retention capacity.
Abstract: The molecular structure of black citric acid polymer (PN) and their hydracids acids functions allowed without doubt their capacities to be potential raw materials for realizing a cationic exchanger. So, the objective of this publication was to study this capacity after activation with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Two black citric acid polymers...
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Removal of Sulphides and Benzene in Fluid Catalytic Cracking Gasoline by Insitu Hydrogenation Over NbFAPSO-5
Nchare Mominou,
Lei Wang,
Badohok Sarki
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, April 2019
Pages:
59-63
Received:
15 March 2019
Accepted:
17 April 2019
Published:
23 May 2019
Abstract: Niobium containing aluminophosphate molecular sieve (NbFAPSO-5) was hydrothermally synthesized with AlPO-5 type structure. Characterization of this catalyst was performed by X-ray diffraction to determine its structure, inductive coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) for its elemental composition and infrared spectrometry (IR) to access its acidic properties. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed well AlPO-5 type structure. ICP-AES analysis confirmed the incorporation of silicon (12.9%), aluminium (15.4%), phosphorous (21.9%), iron (5.62%) and niobium (0.39%) into AlPO-5 framework. Infrared spectrometry analysis showed that both Bronsted and Lewis sites were found in the synthesized sample. A fixed-bed reactor was used to investigate the activity of the resulting catalysts in the removal of sulfides and benzene in fluid catalytic cracking gasoline. Under suitable conditions of a metal loading of 15%, a reaction temperature of 423K, a reaction time of 30 min, a space velocity of 3 h-1, and a reaction pressure of 1 MPa; desulfurization and debenzolization ratios reach 100% and 19.9% respectively. Research octane number of the gasoline increased by two units. This remarkable behavior makes NbFAPSO-5 family, a potential candidate for industrial application as catalysts in the clean fuel.
Abstract: Niobium containing aluminophosphate molecular sieve (NbFAPSO-5) was hydrothermally synthesized with AlPO-5 type structure. Characterization of this catalyst was performed by X-ray diffraction to determine its structure, inductive coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) for its elemental composition and infrared spectrometry (IR) to ac...
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Synthesis, Characterisation and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Activity of Nickel(II) and Copper(II) Complexes of 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde-4-nitrobenzoic Acid Hydrazone
Temitope Adekunle Ajayeoba,
Olawale Folorunso Akinyele,
Ayowole Olaolu Ayeni,
Idowu Julius Olawuni
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, April 2019
Pages:
64-71
Received:
28 February 2019
Accepted:
29 April 2019
Published:
26 May 2019
Abstract: A new ligand namely 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde-4-nitrobenzoic acid hydrazone, its Nickel(II) and Copper(II) complexes were synthesised and characterised by spectroscopic methods: 1H NMR, Infrared (IR), UV-Vis, magnetic susceptibility measurement and % metal analysis. 1H NMR spectroscopy showed the diagnostic N-H signal at 12.10 ppm indicating the formation of the ligand. Infrared spectra showed that the ligand coordinated to the metal ion in keto form through the carbonyl oxygen (C=O) and the azomethine nitrogen (C=N). The UV-Vis spectrum of the ligand displayed two prominent bands at 47169 cm-1 and 30303 cm-1 which were ascribed to the intraligand transitions of π-π*, and n-π* respectively. These bands had hypsochromic shifts in the metal complexes indicating coordination with the metal ion. The nickel complex had a magnetic moment of 2.92 B.M, suggesting an octahedral geometry, while the copper complex had a value of 1.65 B.M. which is close to the expected value for a d9 copper(II) complex with possibility antiferromagnetic interactions. The % metal calculated had a good agreement with the observed values. The acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity of the ligand measured was 190 ± 20 μg/mL compared to the standard Eserin that had 68 ± 1.13 μg/mL. The copper(II) complex had a value of 220 ± 20 μg/mL, while the Nickel(II) complex had the least inhibitory value at 390 ± 80 μg/mL. The compounds could serve as primary target in the study of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Abstract: A new ligand namely 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde-4-nitrobenzoic acid hydrazone, its Nickel(II) and Copper(II) complexes were synthesised and characterised by spectroscopic methods: 1H NMR, Infrared (IR), UV-Vis, magnetic susceptibility measurement and % metal analysis. 1H NMR spectroscopy showed the diagnostic N-H signal at 12.10 ppm indicating the format...
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Inhibitory Action of Methanol Leaf Extract of Irvingia Gabonensis on the Corrosion of Mild Steel in H2SO4
Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe,
Chinedu Emmanuel Ejike
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, April 2019
Pages:
72-79
Received:
22 March 2019
Accepted:
30 April 2019
Published:
12 June 2019
Abstract: The corrosion inhibition efficiency of methanol leaf extracts of Irvingia gabonensis for mild steel in 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 and 2.5M H2SO4 was investigated using weight loss and gasometric techniques in other to determine the phytochemical components of the crude leaf extract, the corrosion inhibition potential of the leaf extract, the thermodynamic parameters that aided the corrosion inhibition, the adsorption isotherm of the corrosion inhibition of the extracts using the Langmuir and Freundlich models and investigate the kinetics of the corrosion inhibition process. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, saponnins, flavonoids, terpenes and alkaloids. From the results, the corrosion rates decreased with increase in inhibitor concentration. The maximum inhibition efficiency of 58.71% was obtained at extract concentration of 0.6g/L in 0.4M H2SO4 at 303K, 41.83% at extract concentration of 0.6g/L at 303K in 0.5M H2SO4 and 57.33% at extract concentration of 0.6g/L in 0.6M H2SO4 at 303K, for the gravimetric technique. In 2.5M H2SO4, maximum inhibition efficiency for the gasometric technique was 53.53% in 0.6g/L inhibitor concentration at 303K and for the gravimetric technique, the maximum inhibition efficiency was 29.42% in 0.6g/L inhibitor concentration at 303K. The kinetic and thermodynamic studies showed that activation energy (Ea) in the presence of inhibitor is greater than in the absence of inhibitor. From the Ea and ∆Goads values obtained, a physical adsorption mechanism was proposed. The Langmuir isotherm was found to show better correlation (R2) at lower temperature while the Freundlich isotherm had better correlation at higher temperature.
Abstract: The corrosion inhibition efficiency of methanol leaf extracts of Irvingia gabonensis for mild steel in 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 and 2.5M H2SO4 was investigated using weight loss and gasometric techniques in other to determine the phytochemical components of the crude leaf extract, the corrosion inhibition potential of the leaf extract, the thermodynamic param...
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