Epoxidation of Vernonia Oil in Acidic Ion Exchange Resin
Tegene Desalegn Zeleke,
Yadessa Melaku Ayana
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2017
Pages:
1-6
Received:
4 January 2017
Accepted:
17 January 2017
Published:
24 February 2017
Abstract: In this study epoxidized vernonia oil (EVO) was synthesized by the epoxidation of vernonia oil using peroxyformic acid, formed in situ by the reaction of hydrogen peroxide and formic acid in the presence of an acidic ion exchange resin (Amberlite IR-120 hydrogen form) as the catalyst. This method of epoxidation has resulted in product with about 78% conversion. Acid exchange resin catalyzed epoxidation reactions are found to be promising in minimizing oxirane ring opening.
Abstract: In this study epoxidized vernonia oil (EVO) was synthesized by the epoxidation of vernonia oil using peroxyformic acid, formed in situ by the reaction of hydrogen peroxide and formic acid in the presence of an acidic ion exchange resin (Amberlite IR-120 hydrogen form) as the catalyst. This method of epoxidation has resulted in product with about 78...
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A Comprehensive Analytical Evaluation of the Trivedi Effect® - Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment on the Physical, Structural, and Thermal Properties of Zinc Chloride
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi,
Alice Branton,
Dahryn Trivedi,
Gopal Nayak,
Aileen Carol Lee,
Aksana Hancharuk,
Carola Marina Sand,
Debra Jane Schnitzer,
Rudina Thanasi,
Eileen Mary Meagher,
Faith Ann Pyka,
Gary Richard Gerber,
Johanna Catharina Stromsnas,
Judith Marian Shapiro,
Laura Nelson Streicher,
Lorraine Marie Hachfeld,
Matthew Charles Hornung,
Patricia M. Rowe,
Sally Jean Henderson,
Sheila Maureen Benson,
Shirley Theresa Holmlund,
Stephen P. Salters,
Parthasarathi Panda,
Snehasis Jana
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2017
Pages:
7-18
Received:
31 January 2017
Accepted:
13 February 2017
Published:
25 February 2017
Abstract: Zinc chloride has an importance in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries for the prevention and treatment of several diseases. The objective of the current study was to investigate the impact of The Trivedi Effect® - Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (Biofield Energy Treatment) on physical, structural, and thermal properties of zinc chloride using PXRD, PSD, FT-IR, UV-vis, TGA, and DSC analysis. Zinc chloride was divided into two parts – one part was control, while other part was treated with The Trivedi Effect® remotely by eighteen renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as The Trivedi Effect® Treated sample. A significant change of the crystallite size and relative intensities of the PXRD peaks was observed in The Trivedi Effect® treated sample with respect to the control sample. The average crystallite size of the treated sample was significantly increased by 41.22% compared with the control sample. The size of the particles at d10, d50, and d90 was increased by 8.33%, 6.27%, and 1.83%, respectively in the treated sample compared with the control sample. The surface area of the treated sample was decreased by 5.90% compared with the control sample. The FT-IR spectroscopic analysis revealed that Zn-Cl stretching in the control and treated sample were at 511 and 507 cm-1, respectively. The UV-vis analysis exhibited that wavelength of the maximum absorbance of both the control and treated samples were at 196.4 and 196.3 nm, respectively. The TGA analysis exhibited that weight loss of the treated sample was reduced by 13.98% and 2.43% in the 1st and 2nd steps of degradation, respectively. Consequently, the DSC analysis revealed that the maximum thermal decomposition temperature of the treated sample (489.06°C) was significantly increased by 15.75% compared with the control sample (422.50°C). Moreover, a significant increase in the enthalpy of decomposition was noticed in the treated sample (ΔHdecomp = 131.40 J/g) by 137.10% compared with the control sample (ΔHdecomp = 55.42 J/g). The current study anticipated that The Trivedi Effect® Treatment might lead to produce a new polymorphic form of zinc chloride, which could have better powder flowability and thermal stability. The treated sample could be more stable during manufacturing, delivery or storage conditions than the untreated sample. Hence, the treated zinc chloride would be very useful to design better nutraceutical and/or pharmaceutical formulations that might offer better therapeutic response against inflammatory diseases, immunological disorders, aging, stress, cancer, etc.
Abstract: Zinc chloride has an importance in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries for the prevention and treatment of several diseases. The objective of the current study was to investigate the impact of The Trivedi Effect® - Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (Biofield Energy Treatment) on physical, structural, and thermal properties of zinc c...
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Experimental Investigation on Sulfur Extraction from Coal Coking Waste
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2017
Pages:
19-23
Received:
8 February 2017
Accepted:
20 February 2017
Published:
4 March 2017
Abstract: During coal coking process a great deal of sulfurs are produced and are discarded to surroundings, which makes a lot of lands to be occupied and puts the environment to be polluted. In order to find multi-win production mode of coal coking for resources, surroundings and societies, carbon disulfide as an extracting agent was applied to extract sulfur from sulfur cake in this study. Final laboratory technological condition was that more than 98% sulfur yield could be gotten when the granularity of raw sulfur powder, liquid-solid ratio, extraction temperature, stirring velocity and stirring time respectively were 200 mesh, 3:1 g/g, 40°C, 200rpm and 30 min.
Abstract: During coal coking process a great deal of sulfurs are produced and are discarded to surroundings, which makes a lot of lands to be occupied and puts the environment to be polluted. In order to find multi-win production mode of coal coking for resources, surroundings and societies, carbon disulfide as an extracting agent was applied to extract sulf...
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