In order to understand the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes in Akoko northwest and Akoko northeast, water quality index calculation, % Na, Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Permeability Index (PI) and Electrical Conductivity were determined from thirteen water samples. The sequence of the abundance of the major ions is in the following order of K+ > Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ for cations and Cl- > HCO3- > SO4- > F- in anions. The water quality index (WQI) obtained for the water samples ranges between 22.7 and 88.6. The water quality index classified the water into “excellent” and “good” drinking water and account for about 85% and 15% of the study area respectively. The % Na of the samples varies between 49 and 79%. Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) of the studied water samples varies from 1.40 to 3.56 with a mean of 2.44. The values are within 0 - 10 specified as excellent water for irrigation purpose. The Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) values ranges between – 51.6 and + 10.57, with an average of -14.5, which agrees with less than 2.5 specified for the purpose of irrigation. The permeability index (PI) of the water varies from 2.27 to 19.9, with an average of 7.93. The values fall within the Third category of 0 – 25 irrigation water which is rated as poor. The electrical conductivity of the water ranges from 117 to 789 μs/cm with an average of 378 μs/cm which corresponds to moderate (medium salinity). Also, the water in the study area shows variation of low salinity to high salinity. The Wilcox plot showed that the water samples have excellent – good irrigation potential except a sample taken from Arigidi Akoko which fall within “good to permissible limit.” Therefore combine all these results the water are moderately suitable for irrigation purpose and good for drinking.
| Published in | American Journal of Water Science and Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 5) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajwse.20170305.11 |
| Page(s) | 50-60 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Wilcox Plot, Water Quality Index, Physicochemical, Biological Test, Total Dissolve Solids
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APA Style
Olumuyiwa Olusola Falowo, Yemisi Akindureni, Olajumoke Ojo. (2017). Irrigation and Drinking Water Quality Index Determination for Groundwater Quality Evaluation in Akoko Northwest and Northeast Areas of Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria. American Journal of Water Science and Engineering, 3(5), 50-60. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20170305.11
ACS Style
Olumuyiwa Olusola Falowo; Yemisi Akindureni; Olajumoke Ojo. Irrigation and Drinking Water Quality Index Determination for Groundwater Quality Evaluation in Akoko Northwest and Northeast Areas of Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria. Am. J. Water Sci. Eng. 2017, 3(5), 50-60. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20170305.11
AMA Style
Olumuyiwa Olusola Falowo, Yemisi Akindureni, Olajumoke Ojo. Irrigation and Drinking Water Quality Index Determination for Groundwater Quality Evaluation in Akoko Northwest and Northeast Areas of Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria. Am J Water Sci Eng. 2017;3(5):50-60. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20170305.11
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ajwse.20170305.11,
author = {Olumuyiwa Olusola Falowo and Yemisi Akindureni and Olajumoke Ojo},
title = {Irrigation and Drinking Water Quality Index Determination for Groundwater Quality Evaluation in Akoko Northwest and Northeast Areas of Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria},
journal = {American Journal of Water Science and Engineering},
volume = {3},
number = {5},
pages = {50-60},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajwse.20170305.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20170305.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajwse.20170305.11},
abstract = {In order to understand the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes in Akoko northwest and Akoko northeast, water quality index calculation, % Na, Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Permeability Index (PI) and Electrical Conductivity were determined from thirteen water samples. The sequence of the abundance of the major ions is in the following order of K+ > Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ for cations and Cl- > HCO3- > SO4- > F- in anions. The water quality index (WQI) obtained for the water samples ranges between 22.7 and 88.6. The water quality index classified the water into “excellent” and “good” drinking water and account for about 85% and 15% of the study area respectively. The % Na of the samples varies between 49 and 79%. Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) of the studied water samples varies from 1.40 to 3.56 with a mean of 2.44. The values are within 0 - 10 specified as excellent water for irrigation purpose. The Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) values ranges between – 51.6 and + 10.57, with an average of -14.5, which agrees with less than 2.5 specified for the purpose of irrigation. The permeability index (PI) of the water varies from 2.27 to 19.9, with an average of 7.93. The values fall within the Third category of 0 – 25 irrigation water which is rated as poor. The electrical conductivity of the water ranges from 117 to 789 μs/cm with an average of 378 μs/cm which corresponds to moderate (medium salinity). Also, the water in the study area shows variation of low salinity to high salinity. The Wilcox plot showed that the water samples have excellent – good irrigation potential except a sample taken from Arigidi Akoko which fall within “good to permissible limit.” Therefore combine all these results the water are moderately suitable for irrigation purpose and good for drinking.},
year = {2017}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Irrigation and Drinking Water Quality Index Determination for Groundwater Quality Evaluation in Akoko Northwest and Northeast Areas of Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria AU - Olumuyiwa Olusola Falowo AU - Yemisi Akindureni AU - Olajumoke Ojo Y1 - 2017/10/10 PY - 2017 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20170305.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ajwse.20170305.11 T2 - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering JF - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering JO - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering SP - 50 EP - 60 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-1875 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20170305.11 AB - In order to understand the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes in Akoko northwest and Akoko northeast, water quality index calculation, % Na, Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Permeability Index (PI) and Electrical Conductivity were determined from thirteen water samples. The sequence of the abundance of the major ions is in the following order of K+ > Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ for cations and Cl- > HCO3- > SO4- > F- in anions. The water quality index (WQI) obtained for the water samples ranges between 22.7 and 88.6. The water quality index classified the water into “excellent” and “good” drinking water and account for about 85% and 15% of the study area respectively. The % Na of the samples varies between 49 and 79%. Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) of the studied water samples varies from 1.40 to 3.56 with a mean of 2.44. The values are within 0 - 10 specified as excellent water for irrigation purpose. The Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) values ranges between – 51.6 and + 10.57, with an average of -14.5, which agrees with less than 2.5 specified for the purpose of irrigation. The permeability index (PI) of the water varies from 2.27 to 19.9, with an average of 7.93. The values fall within the Third category of 0 – 25 irrigation water which is rated as poor. The electrical conductivity of the water ranges from 117 to 789 μs/cm with an average of 378 μs/cm which corresponds to moderate (medium salinity). Also, the water in the study area shows variation of low salinity to high salinity. The Wilcox plot showed that the water samples have excellent – good irrigation potential except a sample taken from Arigidi Akoko which fall within “good to permissible limit.” Therefore combine all these results the water are moderately suitable for irrigation purpose and good for drinking. VL - 3 IS - 5 ER -
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