Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Detecting Groundwater Potential Zones at Wadi Elmilk Area, North Kordofan State, Sudan

Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif; Salah Mohmmed Mahgob; Awad Karam Alla

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12

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Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Detecting Groundwater Potential Zones at Wadi Elmilk Area, North Kordofan State, Sudan

Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif, Salah Mohmmed Mahgob, Awad Karam Alla

Published in American Journal of Water Science and Engineering (Volume 7, Issue 4)

Received: 11 October 2021 Accepted: 16 November 2021 Published: 24 November 2021

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Abstract

Remote sensing and GIS technology are great important for use in groundwater potential analysis. The current study has applied techniques to delineate the groundwater potential zones besides improving the allocation of drilled boreholes in order to integrate water resources development and management for Wadi Elmilk, Sodari, North Kordofan state, Sudan. Five thematic layers were prepared they are geology, structure, topography, drainage density and slope, extracted and then classified according to their importance with respect to ground water occurrence and weight are assigned through geographic information system. Landsat 8 ETM+ images and Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) were used in this study. The geology of the area is composed of basement complex followed by Nubian Sandstone covered by sand sheets. Mosaic of four landsat images ETM+8 were obtained for the geological features. Drainage and lineaments were studied to recognized groundwater occurrence. The slope amount map was derived from the DEM. In the study area, mainly 5 lineaments density categories have been identified and mapped. Reclassified amount of slope, lineaments density, drainage density account maps and in addition to Rose diagram of the lineament frequency were obtained. The conclusion that the groundwater potential zone in the area is related to deep basement, have certain geologic structure and presence of faults, cracks, joints and lineaments and the two prominent lineament directions: NE from SW are the major structural trends in the central Sudan and is most likely related to the Central African Shear Zone. It is recommended that more detailed studies should be conducted in order to check all the information extracted from remote sensing data and Radar.

Published in	American Journal of Water Science and Engineering (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12
Page(s)	134-149
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

GIS, Groundwater Occurrence and Potential, Lineaments or Fracture Zones Sudan

References

[1]	AL BIELY, A. I., FARWA, A. G. & GISM EL SID, E. (1986): Geological, geophysical and hydrogeological investigation in North Kordofan. Sudan: University of Khartoum. (unpublished report).
[2]	Andrew, G. and Karkanis, G. Y. (1945): Stratigraphical Notes. Anglo-Egyptian, Sudan notes Rec-2: 157-166.
[3]	Charon, J. E. (1974). Hydrogeological applications of ERTS satellite imagery. In: Proc UN/FAO Regional seminar on remote sensing of earth resources and environment, Cairo. Common-wealth Science Council, pp 439-456.
[4]	Geotehnica (1985). El Obeid Water Supply Project, Feasibility Study of Groundwater Resources, Master Report. National Water Administration, Ministry of Energy and Mining, Khartoum, Sudan.
[5]	Hunting Technical Services Ltd. (1970). A hydrological study in Eastern Kordofan Province, Sudan. 6, Elester Way, Boreham Wood, Hert.
[6]	IFAD (1993). North Kordofan Rural Development Project, Special Identification Mission Reports, Annex: water. Ministry of Irrigation and Water Resources, Khartoum, Sudan.
[7]	Rodis, H. G and Iskander, W. (1963). Groundwater in the Nuhud Outlier of the Nubian series, Kordofan Province, Sudan. U.S. Geological Survey Prof. Paper.
[8]	Rodis, H. G., Hassan, A. and Wahadan, L. (1964). Groundwater Geology of Kordofan Province, Bulletin No. 14, Ministry of Minerals Resources, Geological Survey Department, Khartoum, Sudan.
[9]	Salama, R. (1994). The Sudanese buried saline lakes. Geological Society of America Special paper 289, pp. 33–47.
[10]	Alebeid, S. A. (2007). Potentialities of groundwater resources of the up stream and middle stream parts, River Gash, Kassala State, East Sudan. M.Sc. Thesis (unpublish). El Neelain University. Sudan. November December.
[11]	Singhal, B. B. and Gupta, (1999). Applied Hydrogeology of Fractured Rocks. Kluwer Academic Publishers. U.S.A.
[12]	Strojexport (1976): Geophysical investigations of Ground water Structures, Western Kordofan province, and Eastern part of Darfur Province, Fourth stage. Ministry of Agriculture food and Natural Resources, Rural Water Corporation, Khartoum, Sudan.
[13]	Stephen B. M., Kenneth C. H., and Donald U. W. (1994). A Method ofcollecting and analyzing lineaments for regional- scale fractured- bedrock aquifer studies. Vol 32. No 6 groundwater.
[14]	Vail, J, R. (1978). Outline of the Geology and Mineral Resources of the Democratic Republic of Sudan and Adjacent areas. Overseas Geology and Mineral Resources No. 49.
[15]	Whiteman, A. G. (1971). The Geology of Sudan Republic. Oxford, England.
[16]	Yousif, A, M, (2015). Estimation of Direct Recharge Rate and Evaluation of Groundwater Quality of Bara Aquifer North Kordofan State, Suda.

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Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif, Salah Mohmmed Mahgob, Awad Karam Alla. (2021). Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Detecting Groundwater Potential Zones at Wadi Elmilk Area, North Kordofan State, Sudan. American Journal of Water Science and Engineering, 7(4), 134-149. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12

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ACS Style

Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif; Salah Mohmmed Mahgob; Awad Karam Alla. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Detecting Groundwater Potential Zones at Wadi Elmilk Area, North Kordofan State, Sudan. Am. J. Water Sci. Eng. 2021, 7(4), 134-149. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12

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AMA Style

Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif, Salah Mohmmed Mahgob, Awad Karam Alla. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Detecting Groundwater Potential Zones at Wadi Elmilk Area, North Kordofan State, Sudan. Am J Water Sci Eng. 2021;7(4):134-149. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12,
  author = {Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif and Salah Mohmmed Mahgob and Awad Karam Alla},
  title = {Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Detecting Groundwater Potential Zones at Wadi Elmilk Area, North Kordofan State, Sudan},
  journal = {American Journal of Water Science and Engineering},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {134-149},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajwse.20210704.12},
  abstract = {Remote sensing and GIS technology are great important for use in groundwater potential analysis. The current study has applied techniques to delineate the groundwater potential zones besides improving the allocation of drilled boreholes in order to integrate water resources development and management for Wadi Elmilk, Sodari, North Kordofan state, Sudan. Five thematic layers were prepared they are geology, structure, topography, drainage density and slope, extracted and then classified according to their importance with respect to ground water occurrence and weight are assigned through geographic information system. Landsat 8 ETM+ images and Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) were used in this study. The geology of the area is composed of basement complex followed by Nubian Sandstone covered by sand sheets. Mosaic of four landsat images ETM+8 were obtained for the geological features. Drainage and lineaments were studied to recognized groundwater occurrence. The slope amount map was derived from the DEM. In the study area, mainly 5 lineaments density categories have been identified and mapped. Reclassified amount of slope, lineaments density, drainage density account maps and in addition to Rose diagram of the lineament frequency were obtained. The conclusion that the groundwater potential zone in the area is related to deep basement, have certain geologic structure and presence of faults, cracks, joints and lineaments and the two prominent lineament directions: NE from SW are the major structural trends in the central Sudan and is most likely related to the Central African Shear Zone. It is recommended that more detailed studies should be conducted in order to check all the information extracted from remote sensing data and Radar.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Detecting Groundwater Potential Zones at Wadi Elmilk Area, North Kordofan State, Sudan
AU  - Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif
AU  - Salah Mohmmed Mahgob
AU  - Awad Karam Alla
Y1  - 2021/11/24
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12
T2  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
SP  - 134
EP  - 149
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1875
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12
AB  - Remote sensing and GIS technology are great important for use in groundwater potential analysis. The current study has applied techniques to delineate the groundwater potential zones besides improving the allocation of drilled boreholes in order to integrate water resources development and management for Wadi Elmilk, Sodari, North Kordofan state, Sudan. Five thematic layers were prepared they are geology, structure, topography, drainage density and slope, extracted and then classified according to their importance with respect to ground water occurrence and weight are assigned through geographic information system. Landsat 8 ETM+ images and Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) were used in this study. The geology of the area is composed of basement complex followed by Nubian Sandstone covered by sand sheets. Mosaic of four landsat images ETM+8 were obtained for the geological features. Drainage and lineaments were studied to recognized groundwater occurrence. The slope amount map was derived from the DEM. In the study area, mainly 5 lineaments density categories have been identified and mapped. Reclassified amount of slope, lineaments density, drainage density account maps and in addition to Rose diagram of the lineament frequency were obtained. The conclusion that the groundwater potential zone in the area is related to deep basement, have certain geologic structure and presence of faults, cracks, joints and lineaments and the two prominent lineament directions: NE from SW are the major structural trends in the central Sudan and is most likely related to the Central African Shear Zone. It is recommended that more detailed studies should be conducted in order to check all the information extracted from remote sensing data and Radar.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif

College of Graduate Studies, Sudan University of Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
Salah Mohmmed Mahgob

College of Water and Environmental Engineering, Sudan University of Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
Awad Karam Alla

College of Water and Environmental Engineering, Sudan University of Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan

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APA Style

Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif, Salah Mohmmed Mahgob, Awad Karam Alla. (2021). Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Detecting Groundwater Potential Zones at Wadi Elmilk Area, North Kordofan State, Sudan. American Journal of Water Science and Engineering, 7(4), 134-149. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12

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ACS Style

Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif; Salah Mohmmed Mahgob; Awad Karam Alla. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Detecting Groundwater Potential Zones at Wadi Elmilk Area, North Kordofan State, Sudan. Am. J. Water Sci. Eng. 2021, 7(4), 134-149. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12

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AMA Style

Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif, Salah Mohmmed Mahgob, Awad Karam Alla. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Detecting Groundwater Potential Zones at Wadi Elmilk Area, North Kordofan State, Sudan. Am J Water Sci Eng. 2021;7(4):134-149. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12,
  author = {Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif and Salah Mohmmed Mahgob and Awad Karam Alla},
  title = {Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Detecting Groundwater Potential Zones at Wadi Elmilk Area, North Kordofan State, Sudan},
  journal = {American Journal of Water Science and Engineering},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {134-149},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajwse.20210704.12},
  abstract = {Remote sensing and GIS technology are great important for use in groundwater potential analysis. The current study has applied techniques to delineate the groundwater potential zones besides improving the allocation of drilled boreholes in order to integrate water resources development and management for Wadi Elmilk, Sodari, North Kordofan state, Sudan. Five thematic layers were prepared they are geology, structure, topography, drainage density and slope, extracted and then classified according to their importance with respect to ground water occurrence and weight are assigned through geographic information system. Landsat 8 ETM+ images and Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) were used in this study. The geology of the area is composed of basement complex followed by Nubian Sandstone covered by sand sheets. Mosaic of four landsat images ETM+8 were obtained for the geological features. Drainage and lineaments were studied to recognized groundwater occurrence. The slope amount map was derived from the DEM. In the study area, mainly 5 lineaments density categories have been identified and mapped. Reclassified amount of slope, lineaments density, drainage density account maps and in addition to Rose diagram of the lineament frequency were obtained. The conclusion that the groundwater potential zone in the area is related to deep basement, have certain geologic structure and presence of faults, cracks, joints and lineaments and the two prominent lineament directions: NE from SW are the major structural trends in the central Sudan and is most likely related to the Central African Shear Zone. It is recommended that more detailed studies should be conducted in order to check all the information extracted from remote sensing data and Radar.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Detecting Groundwater Potential Zones at Wadi Elmilk Area, North Kordofan State, Sudan
AU  - Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif
AU  - Salah Mohmmed Mahgob
AU  - Awad Karam Alla
Y1  - 2021/11/24
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12
T2  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
SP  - 134
EP  - 149
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1875
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.12
AB  - Remote sensing and GIS technology are great important for use in groundwater potential analysis. The current study has applied techniques to delineate the groundwater potential zones besides improving the allocation of drilled boreholes in order to integrate water resources development and management for Wadi Elmilk, Sodari, North Kordofan state, Sudan. Five thematic layers were prepared they are geology, structure, topography, drainage density and slope, extracted and then classified according to their importance with respect to ground water occurrence and weight are assigned through geographic information system. Landsat 8 ETM+ images and Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) were used in this study. The geology of the area is composed of basement complex followed by Nubian Sandstone covered by sand sheets. Mosaic of four landsat images ETM+8 were obtained for the geological features. Drainage and lineaments were studied to recognized groundwater occurrence. The slope amount map was derived from the DEM. In the study area, mainly 5 lineaments density categories have been identified and mapped. Reclassified amount of slope, lineaments density, drainage density account maps and in addition to Rose diagram of the lineament frequency were obtained. The conclusion that the groundwater potential zone in the area is related to deep basement, have certain geologic structure and presence of faults, cracks, joints and lineaments and the two prominent lineament directions: NE from SW are the major structural trends in the central Sudan and is most likely related to the Central African Shear Zone. It is recommended that more detailed studies should be conducted in order to check all the information extracted from remote sensing data and Radar.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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