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Use of CHIRPS Data to Characterize Rainfall in West Africa: Case of the Poro Region in Côte d'Ivoire
Talnan Jean Honore Coulibaly,
Naga Coulibaly,
Kouassi Yéboua Firmin,
Camara Issa
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
126-133
Received:
16 September 2021
Accepted:
9 October 2021
Published:
21 October 2021
Abstract: The climatic variability observed during the last decades in West Africa results in a decrease of the rainfall that influenced resources more thus in water and lively cultural the food insecurity, the desertification, the farming exodus. Him in default not less for the Coast of Ivory. So, data of stations rainfall knew a flight, but he/it is that they are limited because of their slant and their spatial cover that don't cover the whole country. A new data set combining data of satellite and stations of observation permits a better precision in the climatic variability survey. The methods of Nicholson and filter low pass of Hanning of order 2 permitted to identify the showing a deficit and excess years. In the region of Poro two climatic periods have been identified, a period of drought of 1981 to 1993 and a humid period of 1994 to 2014. For more of precision, on a daily scale, the method of number of dry consecutive days (Consecutive Dry Days) permitted to determine the episodes of drought. The decade 1981-1990 knew a strong drought with more of 70 dry days. On the other hand, the last decade 2001-2010 marks a resumption of rains. What entails a decrease of the number of dry days in the region of Poro.
Abstract: The climatic variability observed during the last decades in West Africa results in a decrease of the rainfall that influenced resources more thus in water and lively cultural the food insecurity, the desertification, the farming exodus. Him in default not less for the Coast of Ivory. So, data of stations rainfall knew a flight, but he/it is that t...
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Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Detecting Groundwater Potential Zones at Wadi Elmilk Area, North Kordofan State, Sudan
Abutalib Mahmoud Yousif,
Salah Mohmmed Mahgob,
Awad Karam Alla
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
134-149
Received:
11 October 2021
Accepted:
16 November 2021
Published:
24 November 2021
Abstract: Remote sensing and GIS technology are great important for use in groundwater potential analysis. The current study has applied techniques to delineate the groundwater potential zones besides improving the allocation of drilled boreholes in order to integrate water resources development and management for Wadi Elmilk, Sodari, North Kordofan state, Sudan. Five thematic layers were prepared they are geology, structure, topography, drainage density and slope, extracted and then classified according to their importance with respect to ground water occurrence and weight are assigned through geographic information system. Landsat 8 ETM+ images and Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) were used in this study. The geology of the area is composed of basement complex followed by Nubian Sandstone covered by sand sheets. Mosaic of four landsat images ETM+8 were obtained for the geological features. Drainage and lineaments were studied to recognized groundwater occurrence. The slope amount map was derived from the DEM. In the study area, mainly 5 lineaments density categories have been identified and mapped. Reclassified amount of slope, lineaments density, drainage density account maps and in addition to Rose diagram of the lineament frequency were obtained. The conclusion that the groundwater potential zone in the area is related to deep basement, have certain geologic structure and presence of faults, cracks, joints and lineaments and the two prominent lineament directions: NE from SW are the major structural trends in the central Sudan and is most likely related to the Central African Shear Zone. It is recommended that more detailed studies should be conducted in order to check all the information extracted from remote sensing data and Radar.
Abstract: Remote sensing and GIS technology are great important for use in groundwater potential analysis. The current study has applied techniques to delineate the groundwater potential zones besides improving the allocation of drilled boreholes in order to integrate water resources development and management for Wadi Elmilk, Sodari, North Kordofan state, S...
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Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department)
Essouli Olivier Florent,
Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise,
Miyouna Timothée,
Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle,
Matini Laurent,
Boudzoumou Florent,
Faye Serigne
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
150-164
Received:
9 November 2021
Accepted:
7 December 2021
Published:
24 December 2021
Abstract: In the aim of supporting the implementation of basic community infrastructure (drinking water, schools, hospitals), ten hydraulic boreholes with human-powered pumps (HPP) were built in the districts of Kayes and Loudima in the Bouenza department in the southwest of the Republic of Congo. However, there is no study that has assessed the quality of groundwater in this area. The electrical train profiles carried out in the study area revealed several anomalies which are mainly of type (V). The interpretation of the anomalies along the electrical drilling profiles yield to characterize the variation of the thicknesses of the potential aquiferous horizons in units of the Schisto-calcaire Group. Therefore, eight positive drillings having been implemented in the carbonates layers of the Schisto Calcaire Group. The physico-chemical analyses of the groundwater showed that the waters are weakly to moderately mineralize with electrical conductivity values lower than 1000 µS/cm. These waters are divided into two chemical families of waters: chloride sulfate calcic and magnesian and bicarbonate calcic and magnesian. Also, pH and saturation values obtained indicate that the groundwater of the area is aggressive. The major elements of the groundwater in the Madingou-Nkayi-Loudima area have levels below the maximum allowable concentrations defined for drinking water by the WHO. Furthermore, all the sampled water hadvery high levels of heavy metals such as cadmium, and their levels of minor elements (iron, fluorine, copper, aluminum and manganese) at some water points exceed the maximum allowable concentrations defined for drinking water by the World Health Organization. In addition, the study of water suitability for irrigation using the USSL Richards diagram, showed that the groundwater has good quality (class C1-S1) and can be used for irrigation for all types of plants and soils.
Abstract: In the aim of supporting the implementation of basic community infrastructure (drinking water, schools, hospitals), ten hydraulic boreholes with human-powered pumps (HPP) were built in the districts of Kayes and Loudima in the Bouenza department in the southwest of the Republic of Congo. However, there is no study that has assessed the quality of g...
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Ecological Consequences of Climate Condition Changes (CCC) in Lake Kinneret Watershed
Gophen Moshe,
Meron Moshe,
Tsipris Yosef,
Orlov-Levin Valerie,
Peres Moti
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
165-178
Received:
24 November 2021
Accepted:
14 December 2021
Published:
24 December 2021
Abstract: The Hula Valley which is part of the Lake Kinneret watershed (2730 km2) in northern Israel is part of the Syrian–African Great Rift Valley. During mid-1980`s-2017 changes in the climate condition (CCC) were recorded in the watershed: Dryness symptoms of rainfall and headwater river discharges have been declining and air temperature has been increasing. The most recent periodical dryness (drought) was recorded in 2014–2019. Although the Hula Valley comprises only about 10% of the entire drainage basin, it is a significant environmental regional component contributing pollutants which is utilized for agricultural cultivation and eco-tourism infrastructure. Until the late 1950s, this valley was covered by swampy wetlands and a shallow old Lake Hula of mean 1.5 m depth and 13 km2 surface area. The valley was drained and converted for agricultural development. The objective of this paper is an evaluation of long-term record of the CCC consequences within the Hula Valley: Headwater discharges, precipitation, air temperature, underground water table (GWT), wind regime (velocity, direction), evaporation, relative humidity, and solar radiation. A partial of CCC within the Hula Valley was confirmed, mostly temperature increase, water deficiency, and ground water table (GWT) lowering. Results indicates that the impact of CCC threatened the optimal appropriate maintenance of the valley. Conclusive future perspectives of supplemental water supply from lake Kinneret to the Hula Valley combined with enhancement of desalinized sea water input into the lake that might improve Hula Valley management and the Kinneret water quality are discussed.
Abstract: The Hula Valley which is part of the Lake Kinneret watershed (2730 km2) in northern Israel is part of the Syrian–African Great Rift Valley. During mid-1980`s-2017 changes in the climate condition (CCC) were recorded in the watershed: Dryness symptoms of rainfall and headwater river discharges have been declining and air temperature has been increas...
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