Vishvam H. Pancholi,Pradeep P. Lodha,Indra Prakash
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, November 2015
Pages:
7-14
Received:
20 August 2015
Accepted:
14 October 2015
Published:
15 October 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajwse.20150102.11
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Abstract: A watershed is an area covering all the land that contributes water after rainfall occurs to a common point. Watershed management programme is mainly for conservation and development of natural resources. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) are emerging very powerful tools for analyzing spatial distributed information. In these study satellite images of IRS-P6 LISS-III images have been used. Heavy runoff and soil erosion are two severe problems of watershed development. In the present study, SCS Curve Number (CN) is used to estimate the runoff and USLE equations are used to measure the soil loss from the study watershed. The present study is carried out on Vishwamitri river watershed, Panchmahal& Vadodara districts of Gujarat State, India having an area of 1185 Sq.km. The geographical location of the area lies between 22o00’ and 22o 45’ of north latitude and 73 o 00’ and 73 o 45’ of east longitude. The daily rainfall data of 5 rain gauge stations (1990-2013) was collected and used to predict the daily runoff from the watershed using SCS-CN method and GIS. The analysis shows that for the study period 1990-2013, minimum and maximum values of (a) yearly computed average rainfall are 336.28 mm and 2170.2 mm and (b) yearly computed average runoff are 49.49 mm and 800.19 mm respectively. All five parameters of USLE equation for soil loss viz. R, K, LS, C, and P were estimated. Watershed based analysis for erosion shows that two sub watersheds coded as SW1 & SW2 are experiencing very severe soil erosion conditions whereas remaining two sub watersheds coded as SW3 & SW4 are subjected to moderate soil erosion conditions. The average computed annual soil loss from study watersheds is 60.65 ton /ha/year.Abstract: A watershed is an area covering all the land that contributes water after rainfall occurs to a common point. Watershed management programme is mainly for conservation and development of natural resources. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) are emerging very powerful tools for analyzing spatial distributed information. In these s...Show More
Abstract: In this paper attempt is made to estimate reference evapotranspiration (ETo) from standard meteorological observations. The FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method is the most physical, reliable and mostly used as a standard to verify other empirical methods. However, it needs a lot of different input parameters. Hence, in the present study, a model based on most dominant meteorological variables influencing ETo is proposed to estimate ETo in the Middle South Saurashtra region of Gujarat (India). The performance of five different alternative methods and proposed model is compared keeping the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method as reference. The models are evaluated by using Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (E), (R2), (dr), (RSR) and (MAE) statistical criterions. The results show that the developed model and Hargreaves and Samani (1985) method provide the most reliable results in estimation of (ETo), and it can be recommended for estimating (ETo) in the study region.Abstract: In this paper attempt is made to estimate reference evapotranspiration (ETo) from standard meteorological observations. The FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method is the most physical, reliable and mostly used as a standard to verify other empirical methods. However, it needs a lot of different input parameters. Hence, in the present study, a model based on...Show More
