Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department)

Essouli Olivier Florent; Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise; Miyouna Timothée; Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle; Matini Laurent; Boudzoumou Florent; Faye Serigne

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13

Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department)

Essouli Olivier Florent, Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise, Miyouna Timothée, Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle, Matini Laurent, Boudzoumou Florent, Faye Serigne

Published in American Journal of Water Science and Engineering (Volume 7, Issue 4)

Received: 9 November 2021 Accepted: 7 December 2021 Published: 24 December 2021

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Abstract

In the aim of supporting the implementation of basic community infrastructure (drinking water, schools, hospitals), ten hydraulic boreholes with human-powered pumps (HPP) were built in the districts of Kayes and Loudima in the Bouenza department in the southwest of the Republic of Congo. However, there is no study that has assessed the quality of groundwater in this area. The electrical train profiles carried out in the study area revealed several anomalies which are mainly of type (V). The interpretation of the anomalies along the electrical drilling profiles yield to characterize the variation of the thicknesses of the potential aquiferous horizons in units of the Schisto-calcaire Group. Therefore, eight positive drillings having been implemented in the carbonates layers of the Schisto Calcaire Group. The physico-chemical analyses of the groundwater showed that the waters are weakly to moderately mineralize with electrical conductivity values lower than 1000 µS/cm. These waters are divided into two chemical families of waters: chloride sulfate calcic and magnesian and bicarbonate calcic and magnesian. Also, pH and saturation values obtained indicate that the groundwater of the area is aggressive. The major elements of the groundwater in the Madingou-Nkayi-Loudima area have levels below the maximum allowable concentrations defined for drinking water by the WHO. Furthermore, all the sampled water hadvery high levels of heavy metals such as cadmium, and their levels of minor elements (iron, fluorine, copper, aluminum and manganese) at some water points exceed the maximum allowable concentrations defined for drinking water by the World Health Organization. In addition, the study of water suitability for irrigation using the USSL Richards diagram, showed that the groundwater has good quality (class C1-S1) and can be used for irrigation for all types of plants and soils.

Published in	American Journal of Water Science and Engineering (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13
Page(s)	150-164
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department)

References

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[9]	OMS/WHO (2017). Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, 4th ed. 564 p, retrieved from https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo.
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[14]	Eblin S. G., Soro G. M., Sombo A. P., Akan N. & Kambireo Soro N. (2014). Hydrochemistry of groundwater in the Adiaké region (South-East Côte d'Ivoire). Larhyss journal, n°17, pp. 193-214.
[15]	Nouayti N., Khattach D. & Hilali M. (2015). Evaluation de la qualité physico-chimique des eaux souterraines des nappes du Jurassique du haut bassin de zizi (haut d'Atlas Central, Morocco), Assessment of ground waterof the jurassic aquifers inhigh bassin of zizi (Central High Atlas, Marocco). ISSN: 2028-2508, 14 p.
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Essouli Olivier Florent, Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise, Miyouna Timothée, Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle, Matini Laurent, et al. (2021). Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department). American Journal of Water Science and Engineering, 7(4), 150-164. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13

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ACS Style

Essouli Olivier Florent; Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise; Miyouna Timothée; Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle; Matini Laurent, et al. Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department). Am. J. Water Sci. Eng. 2021, 7(4), 150-164. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13

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Essouli Olivier Florent, Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise, Miyouna Timothée, Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle, Matini Laurent, et al. Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department). Am J Water Sci Eng. 2021;7(4):150-164. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13,
  author = {Essouli Olivier Florent and Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise and Miyouna Timothée and Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle and Matini Laurent and Boudzoumou Florent and Faye Serigne},
  title = {Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department)},
  journal = {American Journal of Water Science and Engineering},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {150-164},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajwse.20210704.13},
  abstract = {In the aim of supporting the implementation of basic community infrastructure (drinking water, schools, hospitals), ten hydraulic boreholes with human-powered pumps (HPP) were built in the districts of Kayes and Loudima in the Bouenza department in the southwest of the Republic of Congo. However, there is no study that has assessed the quality of groundwater in this area. The electrical train profiles carried out in the study area revealed several anomalies which are mainly of type (V). The interpretation of the anomalies along the electrical drilling profiles yield to characterize the variation of the thicknesses of the potential aquiferous horizons in units of the Schisto-calcaire Group. Therefore, eight positive drillings having been implemented in the carbonates layers of the Schisto Calcaire Group. The physico-chemical analyses of the groundwater showed that the waters are weakly to moderately mineralize with electrical conductivity values lower than 1000 µS/cm. These waters are divided into two chemical families of waters: chloride sulfate calcic and magnesian and bicarbonate calcic and magnesian. Also, pH and saturation values obtained indicate that the groundwater of the area is aggressive. The major elements of the groundwater in the Madingou-Nkayi-Loudima area have levels below the maximum allowable concentrations defined for drinking water by the WHO. Furthermore, all the sampled water hadvery high levels of heavy metals such as cadmium, and their levels of minor elements (iron, fluorine, copper, aluminum and manganese) at some water points exceed the maximum allowable concentrations defined for drinking water by the World Health Organization. In addition, the study of water suitability for irrigation using the USSL Richards diagram, showed that the groundwater has good quality (class C1-S1) and can be used for irrigation for all types of plants and soils.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department)
AU  - Essouli Olivier Florent
AU  - Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise
AU  - Miyouna Timothée
AU  - Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle
AU  - Matini Laurent
AU  - Boudzoumou Florent
AU  - Faye Serigne
Y1  - 2021/12/24
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13
T2  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
SP  - 150
EP  - 164
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1875
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13
AB  - In the aim of supporting the implementation of basic community infrastructure (drinking water, schools, hospitals), ten hydraulic boreholes with human-powered pumps (HPP) were built in the districts of Kayes and Loudima in the Bouenza department in the southwest of the Republic of Congo. However, there is no study that has assessed the quality of groundwater in this area. The electrical train profiles carried out in the study area revealed several anomalies which are mainly of type (V). The interpretation of the anomalies along the electrical drilling profiles yield to characterize the variation of the thicknesses of the potential aquiferous horizons in units of the Schisto-calcaire Group. Therefore, eight positive drillings having been implemented in the carbonates layers of the Schisto Calcaire Group. The physico-chemical analyses of the groundwater showed that the waters are weakly to moderately mineralize with electrical conductivity values lower than 1000 µS/cm. These waters are divided into two chemical families of waters: chloride sulfate calcic and magnesian and bicarbonate calcic and magnesian. Also, pH and saturation values obtained indicate that the groundwater of the area is aggressive. The major elements of the groundwater in the Madingou-Nkayi-Loudima area have levels below the maximum allowable concentrations defined for drinking water by the WHO. Furthermore, all the sampled water hadvery high levels of heavy metals such as cadmium, and their levels of minor elements (iron, fluorine, copper, aluminum and manganese) at some water points exceed the maximum allowable concentrations defined for drinking water by the World Health Organization. In addition, the study of water suitability for irrigation using the USSL Richards diagram, showed that the groundwater has good quality (class C1-S1) and can be used for irrigation for all types of plants and soils.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Essouli Olivier Florent

Laboratory of Geosciences, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise

Laboratory of Geosciences, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Miyouna Timothée

Laboratory of Geosciences, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle

Laboratory of Geosciences, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Matini Laurent

Laboratory of Chemistry, Higher Normal School, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Boudzoumou Florent

Laboratory of Geosciences, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Faye Serigne

Départment of Geology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal

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APA Style

Essouli Olivier Florent, Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise, Miyouna Timothée, Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle, Matini Laurent, et al. (2021). Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department). American Journal of Water Science and Engineering, 7(4), 150-164. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13

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ACS Style

Essouli Olivier Florent; Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise; Miyouna Timothée; Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle; Matini Laurent, et al. Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department). Am. J. Water Sci. Eng. 2021, 7(4), 150-164. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13

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AMA Style

Essouli Olivier Florent, Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise, Miyouna Timothée, Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle, Matini Laurent, et al. Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department). Am J Water Sci Eng. 2021;7(4):150-164. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13,
  author = {Essouli Olivier Florent and Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise and Miyouna Timothée and Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle and Matini Laurent and Boudzoumou Florent and Faye Serigne},
  title = {Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department)},
  journal = {American Journal of Water Science and Engineering},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {150-164},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajwse.20210704.13},
  abstract = {In the aim of supporting the implementation of basic community infrastructure (drinking water, schools, hospitals), ten hydraulic boreholes with human-powered pumps (HPP) were built in the districts of Kayes and Loudima in the Bouenza department in the southwest of the Republic of Congo. However, there is no study that has assessed the quality of groundwater in this area. The electrical train profiles carried out in the study area revealed several anomalies which are mainly of type (V). The interpretation of the anomalies along the electrical drilling profiles yield to characterize the variation of the thicknesses of the potential aquiferous horizons in units of the Schisto-calcaire Group. Therefore, eight positive drillings having been implemented in the carbonates layers of the Schisto Calcaire Group. The physico-chemical analyses of the groundwater showed that the waters are weakly to moderately mineralize with electrical conductivity values lower than 1000 µS/cm. These waters are divided into two chemical families of waters: chloride sulfate calcic and magnesian and bicarbonate calcic and magnesian. Also, pH and saturation values obtained indicate that the groundwater of the area is aggressive. The major elements of the groundwater in the Madingou-Nkayi-Loudima area have levels below the maximum allowable concentrations defined for drinking water by the WHO. Furthermore, all the sampled water hadvery high levels of heavy metals such as cadmium, and their levels of minor elements (iron, fluorine, copper, aluminum and manganese) at some water points exceed the maximum allowable concentrations defined for drinking water by the World Health Organization. In addition, the study of water suitability for irrigation using the USSL Richards diagram, showed that the groundwater has good quality (class C1-S1) and can be used for irrigation for all types of plants and soils.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study for the Implantation of Ten Boreholes in the Schisto-Limestone Group: Nkayi-Loudima Zone (Bouenza Department)
AU  - Essouli Olivier Florent
AU  - Malanda Nimy Edmond Nicaise
AU  - Miyouna Timothée
AU  - Samba Prefina Risiany Rachelle
AU  - Matini Laurent
AU  - Boudzoumou Florent
AU  - Faye Serigne
Y1  - 2021/12/24
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13
T2  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
SP  - 150
EP  - 164
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1875
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20210704.13
AB  - In the aim of supporting the implementation of basic community infrastructure (drinking water, schools, hospitals), ten hydraulic boreholes with human-powered pumps (HPP) were built in the districts of Kayes and Loudima in the Bouenza department in the southwest of the Republic of Congo. However, there is no study that has assessed the quality of groundwater in this area. The electrical train profiles carried out in the study area revealed several anomalies which are mainly of type (V). The interpretation of the anomalies along the electrical drilling profiles yield to characterize the variation of the thicknesses of the potential aquiferous horizons in units of the Schisto-calcaire Group. Therefore, eight positive drillings having been implemented in the carbonates layers of the Schisto Calcaire Group. The physico-chemical analyses of the groundwater showed that the waters are weakly to moderately mineralize with electrical conductivity values lower than 1000 µS/cm. These waters are divided into two chemical families of waters: chloride sulfate calcic and magnesian and bicarbonate calcic and magnesian. Also, pH and saturation values obtained indicate that the groundwater of the area is aggressive. The major elements of the groundwater in the Madingou-Nkayi-Loudima area have levels below the maximum allowable concentrations defined for drinking water by the WHO. Furthermore, all the sampled water hadvery high levels of heavy metals such as cadmium, and their levels of minor elements (iron, fluorine, copper, aluminum and manganese) at some water points exceed the maximum allowable concentrations defined for drinking water by the World Health Organization. In addition, the study of water suitability for irrigation using the USSL Richards diagram, showed that the groundwater has good quality (class C1-S1) and can be used for irrigation for all types of plants and soils.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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