Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women in Banyo Health District, Adamawa Region of Cameroon

Caroline Teh Monteh; Justin Ndié; Joëlle Laure Sobngwi; Benjamin Alexandre Nkoum

doi:doi:10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17

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Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women in Banyo Health District, Adamawa Region of Cameroon

Caroline Teh Monteh, Justin Ndié, Joëlle Laure Sobngwi, Benjamin Alexandre Nkoum

Published in Central African Journal of Public Health (Volume 5, Issue 5)

Received: 19 August 2019 Accepted: 16 September 2019 Published: 9 October 2019

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Abstract

Background: Anaemia in pregnant women remains a major preoccupation in the fight against maternal and infant mortality. It constitutes a sure materno-infantile morbidity and mortality risk, premature delivery and small weight births. Objective: This study was aimed at determining the risk factors of anaemia among pregnant women in the Banyo Health District in the Adamawa Region, Cameroun. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out for six weeks (September 17 to November 3, 2013) in 6 health facilities of the Banyo Health District. Included in this study were all pregnant woman received during prenatal consultation in the health facilities of the Banyo Health District who gave her consent to participate in the study. Data collection was done with the help of a questionnaire. A total of 297 pregnant women received during prenatal consultation in the 6 health facilities of the 5 health areas were chosen by the systematic consecutive sampling method. These women benefited from a haemoglobin test after a capillary blood draw was carried out which permitted a para-clinical evaluation of the anaemia. Data were analysed by Excel and SPSS 22 softwares. Results: The results showed that the mean haemoglobin rate was of 10.8±1.89 g/dl. 52.5% of pregnant women were anaemic amongst which 46% had mild anaemia, 48% had moderate anaemia and 6% had severe anaemia. 63% of the women with anaemia live in polygamous household and 55.7% do not wash their hands with soap after a meal. The prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in the Banyo Health District was associate with the consumption of kaolin (OR=1.9 [1.1-3.9] p=0.049), irregular iron supplement intake (OR=2.9 [1.4-5.9] p=0.014) and the number of meal consumed per day less than or equal to 2 (OR=2.81 [2.13-5.9] p=0.007). On the other hand, regular fruit consumption (OR=0.28 [0.11-0.74] p=0.011), sound knowledge of the causes (OR=0.36 [0.19-0.68] p=0.002) and the consequences (OR=0.35 [0.19-0.7] p=0.003) of anaemia were significantly associated with lesser risk of anaemia among the pregnant women. Conclusion: The high prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in the Banyo Health District remains a preoccupying health problem. It demonstrates the need of a global action in resolution of this public health problem. As such, there is a need to mobilize a preventive strategy with emphasis on sensitization, nutritional and health education. In addition, maternal systematic iron supplementation from the second trimester of pregnancy remains an imperative.

Published in	Central African Journal of Public Health (Volume 5, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17
Page(s)	221-226
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Anemia, Risk Factors, Pregnant Woman, Banyo Health District, Adamawa Region

References

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[2]	Paddle, J. J. Evaluation of the haemoglobin color scale and comparison with the haemococcus haemoglobin assay. Bull Organ Mond Health. 2002. 80: 813-816.
[3]	Hall, A., Bobrow, E., Brooker, S., Jukes, M. and Nokes, K. Anaemia in schoolchildren in eight countries in Africa and Asia. Public health Nutr. 2001. 4: 749-756.
[4]	Nwizu, E. N., Iliyasu, Z., Ibrahim S. A. and Galadanci, H. S. Sociodemographic and maternal factors in anaemia in Kano, Northern Nigeria. African Journal of Reproductive Health. 2011. 15 (4): 33-41.
[5]	Brabin, B. J., Hakimi, M. and Pelletier, D. An analysis of anemia and pregnancy-related maternal mortality. Journal of Nutrition. 2001a. 131 (2S-2): 604-614.
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[7]	Demmouche, A. and Moulessehoul, S. Maternal anemia during pregnancy and iron supplementation. Antropo. 2011. 24: 21-30.
[8]	OMS. Système d'informations nutritionnelles sur les vitamines et les minéraux. OMS. Genève. 2011.
[9]	National Institute of Statistics, Ministry of the Economy of Planning and Town and Country Planning, Ministry of Public Health. Demographic and Health Survey and Multiple Indicators (EDS-MICS) 2011. Yaoundé, Cameroon. 2011.
[10]	OMS. Système d'informations nutritionnelles sur les vitamines et les minéraux: Concentration d'hémoglobine permettant de diagnostiquer l'anémie et d'en évaluer la sévérité (WHO/NMH/NHD/MNM/11.1). OMS. Genève. 2011.
[11]	Nahounou Bléyéré, M. et al. Heterogeneity of the pregnancy in the Ivory Coast. Ann Biol Clin. 2007. 65 (5): 525-532.
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[16]	Koura, KG, Briand V., Massougbodji, A., Chippaux, J-P., Cot, M. et Garcia, A. Prévalence et étiologies de l’anémie chez la femme enceinte au sud Bénin au moment du changement de politique nationale de prise en charge. Med Trop. 2011. 71: 63-67.
[17]	Demmouche, A. and Moulessehoul, S. Prevalence of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy in the wilaya of Sidi Bel Abbes (western Algeria). Antropo. 2010. 21: 39-48.
[18]	Meda N., Dao Y., Touré, B., Yamego, B. et al. To evaluate severe maternal anemia and its consequences: the value of a simple examination of the coloration of the palpebral conjunctiva. Health book. 1999. 9 (1): 7-11.
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[20]	Galan P., Preziosi P., Favier A. et al. Determining factors in the status of adult women in the SU.VI.MAX study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1998. 52: 383-388.
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Caroline Teh Monteh, Justin Ndié, Joëlle Laure Sobngwi, Benjamin Alexandre Nkoum. (2019). Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women in Banyo Health District, Adamawa Region of Cameroon. Central African Journal of Public Health, 5(5), 221-226. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17

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ACS Style

Caroline Teh Monteh; Justin Ndié; Joëlle Laure Sobngwi; Benjamin Alexandre Nkoum. Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women in Banyo Health District, Adamawa Region of Cameroon. Cent. Afr. J. Public Health 2019, 5(5), 221-226. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17

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Caroline Teh Monteh, Justin Ndié, Joëlle Laure Sobngwi, Benjamin Alexandre Nkoum. Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women in Banyo Health District, Adamawa Region of Cameroon. Cent Afr J Public Health. 2019;5(5):221-226. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17

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@article{10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17,
  author = {Caroline Teh Monteh and Justin Ndié and Joëlle Laure Sobngwi and Benjamin Alexandre Nkoum},
  title = {Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women in Banyo Health District, Adamawa Region of Cameroon},
  journal = {Central African Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {221-226},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cajph.20190505.17},
  abstract = {Background: Anaemia in pregnant women remains a major preoccupation in the fight against maternal and infant mortality. It constitutes a sure materno-infantile morbidity and mortality risk, premature delivery and small weight births. Objective: This study was aimed at determining the risk factors of anaemia among pregnant women in the Banyo Health District in the Adamawa Region, Cameroun. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out for six weeks (September 17 to November 3, 2013) in 6 health facilities of the Banyo Health District. Included in this study were all pregnant woman received during prenatal consultation in the health facilities of the Banyo Health District who gave her consent to participate in the study. Data collection was done with the help of a questionnaire. A total of 297 pregnant women received during prenatal consultation in the 6 health facilities of the 5 health areas were chosen by the systematic consecutive sampling method. These women benefited from a haemoglobin test after a capillary blood draw was carried out which permitted a para-clinical evaluation of the anaemia. Data were analysed by Excel and SPSS 22 softwares. Results: The results showed that the mean haemoglobin rate was of 10.8±1.89 g/dl. 52.5% of pregnant women were anaemic amongst which 46% had mild anaemia, 48% had moderate anaemia and 6% had severe anaemia. 63% of the women with anaemia live in polygamous household and 55.7% do not wash their hands with soap after a meal. The prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in the Banyo Health District was associate with the consumption of kaolin (OR=1.9 [1.1-3.9] p=0.049), irregular iron supplement intake (OR=2.9 [1.4-5.9] p=0.014) and the number of meal consumed per day less than or equal to 2 (OR=2.81 [2.13-5.9] p=0.007). On the other hand, regular fruit consumption (OR=0.28 [0.11-0.74] p=0.011), sound knowledge of the causes (OR=0.36 [0.19-0.68] p=0.002) and the consequences (OR=0.35 [0.19-0.7] p=0.003) of anaemia were significantly associated with lesser risk of anaemia among the pregnant women. Conclusion: The high prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in the Banyo Health District remains a preoccupying health problem. It demonstrates the need of a global action in resolution of this public health problem. As such, there is a need to mobilize a preventive strategy with emphasis on sensitization, nutritional and health education. In addition, maternal systematic iron supplementation from the second trimester of pregnancy remains an imperative.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women in Banyo Health District, Adamawa Region of Cameroon
AU - Caroline Teh Monteh
AU - Justin Ndié
AU - Joëlle Laure Sobngwi
AU - Benjamin Alexandre Nkoum
Y1 - 2019/10/09
PY - 2019
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17
DO - 10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17
T2 - Central African Journal of Public Health
JF - Central African Journal of Public Health
JO - Central African Journal of Public Health
SP - 221
EP - 226
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-5781
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17
AB - Background: Anaemia in pregnant women remains a major preoccupation in the fight against maternal and infant mortality. It constitutes a sure materno-infantile morbidity and mortality risk, premature delivery and small weight births. Objective: This study was aimed at determining the risk factors of anaemia among pregnant women in the Banyo Health District in the Adamawa Region, Cameroun. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out for six weeks (September 17 to November 3, 2013) in 6 health facilities of the Banyo Health District. Included in this study were all pregnant woman received during prenatal consultation in the health facilities of the Banyo Health District who gave her consent to participate in the study. Data collection was done with the help of a questionnaire. A total of 297 pregnant women received during prenatal consultation in the 6 health facilities of the 5 health areas were chosen by the systematic consecutive sampling method. These women benefited from a haemoglobin test after a capillary blood draw was carried out which permitted a para-clinical evaluation of the anaemia. Data were analysed by Excel and SPSS 22 softwares. Results: The results showed that the mean haemoglobin rate was of 10.8±1.89 g/dl. 52.5% of pregnant women were anaemic amongst which 46% had mild anaemia, 48% had moderate anaemia and 6% had severe anaemia. 63% of the women with anaemia live in polygamous household and 55.7% do not wash their hands with soap after a meal. The prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in the Banyo Health District was associate with the consumption of kaolin (OR=1.9 [1.1-3.9] p=0.049), irregular iron supplement intake (OR=2.9 [1.4-5.9] p=0.014) and the number of meal consumed per day less than or equal to 2 (OR=2.81 [2.13-5.9] p=0.007). On the other hand, regular fruit consumption (OR=0.28 [0.11-0.74] p=0.011), sound knowledge of the causes (OR=0.36 [0.19-0.68] p=0.002) and the consequences (OR=0.35 [0.19-0.7] p=0.003) of anaemia were significantly associated with lesser risk of anaemia among the pregnant women. Conclusion: The high prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in the Banyo Health District remains a preoccupying health problem. It demonstrates the need of a global action in resolution of this public health problem. As such, there is a need to mobilize a preventive strategy with emphasis on sensitization, nutritional and health education. In addition, maternal systematic iron supplementation from the second trimester of pregnancy remains an imperative.
VL - 5
IS - 5
ER -

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Author Information

Caroline Teh Monteh

Division of the Operational Research in Health/Ministry of Public Health, Yaounde, Cameroon
Justin Ndié

Division of the Operational Research in Health/Ministry of Public Health, Yaounde, Cameroon
Joëlle Laure Sobngwi
Benjamin Alexandre Nkoum

School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, Yaounde, Cameroon

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Caroline Teh Monteh, Justin Ndié, Joëlle Laure Sobngwi, Benjamin Alexandre Nkoum. (2019). Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women in Banyo Health District, Adamawa Region of Cameroon. Central African Journal of Public Health, 5(5), 221-226. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17

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Caroline Teh Monteh; Justin Ndié; Joëlle Laure Sobngwi; Benjamin Alexandre Nkoum. Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women in Banyo Health District, Adamawa Region of Cameroon. Cent. Afr. J. Public Health 2019, 5(5), 221-226. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17

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Caroline Teh Monteh, Justin Ndié, Joëlle Laure Sobngwi, Benjamin Alexandre Nkoum. Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women in Banyo Health District, Adamawa Region of Cameroon. Cent Afr J Public Health. 2019;5(5):221-226. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17

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@article{10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17,
  author = {Caroline Teh Monteh and Justin Ndié and Joëlle Laure Sobngwi and Benjamin Alexandre Nkoum},
  title = {Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women in Banyo Health District, Adamawa Region of Cameroon},
  journal = {Central African Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {221-226},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20190505.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cajph.20190505.17},
  abstract = {Background: Anaemia in pregnant women remains a major preoccupation in the fight against maternal and infant mortality. It constitutes a sure materno-infantile morbidity and mortality risk, premature delivery and small weight births. Objective: This study was aimed at determining the risk factors of anaemia among pregnant women in the Banyo Health District in the Adamawa Region, Cameroun. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out for six weeks (September 17 to November 3, 2013) in 6 health facilities of the Banyo Health District. Included in this study were all pregnant woman received during prenatal consultation in the health facilities of the Banyo Health District who gave her consent to participate in the study. Data collection was done with the help of a questionnaire. A total of 297 pregnant women received during prenatal consultation in the 6 health facilities of the 5 health areas were chosen by the systematic consecutive sampling method. These women benefited from a haemoglobin test after a capillary blood draw was carried out which permitted a para-clinical evaluation of the anaemia. Data were analysed by Excel and SPSS 22 softwares. Results: The results showed that the mean haemoglobin rate was of 10.8±1.89 g/dl. 52.5% of pregnant women were anaemic amongst which 46% had mild anaemia, 48% had moderate anaemia and 6% had severe anaemia. 63% of the women with anaemia live in polygamous household and 55.7% do not wash their hands with soap after a meal. The prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in the Banyo Health District was associate with the consumption of kaolin (OR=1.9 [1.1-3.9] p=0.049), irregular iron supplement intake (OR=2.9 [1.4-5.9] p=0.014) and the number of meal consumed per day less than or equal to 2 (OR=2.81 [2.13-5.9] p=0.007). On the other hand, regular fruit consumption (OR=0.28 [0.11-0.74] p=0.011), sound knowledge of the causes (OR=0.36 [0.19-0.68] p=0.002) and the consequences (OR=0.35 [0.19-0.7] p=0.003) of anaemia were significantly associated with lesser risk of anaemia among the pregnant women. Conclusion: The high prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in the Banyo Health District remains a preoccupying health problem. It demonstrates the need of a global action in resolution of this public health problem. As such, there is a need to mobilize a preventive strategy with emphasis on sensitization, nutritional and health education. In addition, maternal systematic iron supplementation from the second trimester of pregnancy remains an imperative.},
 year = {2019}
}

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