Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples

Harry Arjadi; Priyo Wibowo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples

Harry Arjadi, Priyo Wibowo

Published in Engineering and Applied Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 4)

Received: 27 June 2022 Accepted: 15 July 2022 Published: 22 July 2022

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

As it is known that electromagnetic fields have been used for various life activities, a study was conducted to measure the electromagnetic field effect on 900 MHz head fluid replacement liquid temperature using thermocouples. This research was conducted to determine the effect and consequences of electromagnetic wave radiation on the temperature of the replacement liquid when the emitted electromagnetic field is absorbed by the replacement liquid during communication activities. J-pole antenna is used to emit electromagnetic waves as a simulation of the electromagnetic field of mobile phones. This study shows that the change in the average head fluid replacement liquid temperature is 1.43 ± 0.136°C after being exposed to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field at a level of 23 dBm, and an average temperature change of 1.46 ± 0.147°C with a field level of 33 dBm. for 10 minutes. The effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields around the head, with a certain period of time, will cause the temperature of the head fluid to increase and the electrical characteristics of the head fluid to change which can have an impact on the healthy functioning of the head.

Published in	Engineering and Applied Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12
Page(s)	51-57
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Electromagnetic Effect, Electromagnetic Waves, K-type Thermocouple, 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement, J-Pole Antenna

References

[1]	SSM’s Scientific Council on Electromagnetic Fields. (2020). Recent Research on EMF and Health Risk, Fourteenth report from SSM’s Scientific Council on Electromagnetic Fields. Stockholm.
[2]	Mild, K. H.; Alanko, T.; Hietanen, M.; Decat, G.; Falsaperla, R.; Rossi, P.; … Sandström, M. (2009). Exposure of workers to electromagnetic fields. A review of open questions on exposure assessment techniques. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 15 (1), 3–33.
[3]	Ozdemir, F.; and Kargi, A. (2011). Electromagnetic Waves and Human Health, Electromagnetic Waves. In V. Zhurbenko (Ed.), Electromagnetic Waves (pp. 473–492). InTech.
[4]	Wdowiak, A.; Mazurek, P. A.; Wdowiak, A.; and Bojar, I. (2017). Effect of Electromagnetic Waves on Human Reproduction. Annual of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 24 (1), 13–18.
[5]	Ebrahim, S.; Azab, A. E.; Albasha, M. O.; and Albishti, N. (2016). The Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Human and Experimental Animals. International Research Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 3 (10), 106–121.
[6]	Kim, J. H.; Lee, J.-K.; Kim, H.-G.; Kim, K.-B.; and Kim, H. R. (2019). Possible Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure on Central Nerve System. Biomolecules & Therapeutics, 27 (3), 265–275.
[7]	Loughran, S. P.; Verrender, A.; Dalecki, A.; Burdon, C. A.; Tagami, K.; Park, J.; … Croft, R. J. (2019). Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure and the Resting EEG: Exploring the Thermal Mechanism Hypothesis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16 (9), 1505.
[8]	André Vander Vorst, Arye Rosen, Y. K. (2016). RF/microwave interaction with biological tissues. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
[9]	Fichte, L. O. (2016). Interaction of biological tissue with electromagnetic waves in the RF range. In 2015 7th Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics (CEEM) (pp. 10–10). Hangzhou, China.
[10]	Bushberg, J. T.; Chou, C. K.; Foster, K. R.; Kavet, R.; Maxson, D. P.; Tell, R. A.; and Ziskin, M. C. (2020). IEEE Committee on Man and Radiation—COMAR Technical Information Statement: Health and Safety Issues Concerning Exposure of the General Public to Electromagnetic Energy from 5G Wireless Communications Networks networks. Health Physics, 119 (2), 236–246.
[11]	Foster, K. R.; and Morrissey, J. J. (2011). Thermal aspects of exposure to radiofrequency energy: Report of a workshop. International Journal of Hyperthermia, 27 (4), 307–319.
[12]	McNamee, J. P.; and Chauhan, V. (2009). Radiofrequency Radiation and Gene/Protein Expression: A Review. Radiation Research, 172 (3), 265–287.
[13]	Usman, A. D.; Wan Ahmad, W. F.; Ab Kadir, M. Z. A.; Mokhtar, M.; and Ariffin, R. (2012). The Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Human and Experimental Animals. World Applied Sciences Journal, 16 (5), 656–664.
[14]	Brodie, G. (2019). Energy Transfer from Electromagnetic Fields to Materials. In Electromagnetic Fields and Waves. IntechOpen.
[15]	Gultom; and Kartini, Y. (2013). Absorbsi Medan Elektromagnetik Handphone Frekuensi 900 MHz pada Cairan di Kepala Manusia. Institut Teknologi Indonesia.
[16]	Sorgucu, U.; Develi, I.; and Ozen, S. (2015). How to Prepare Head Tissue-Equivalent Liquids for SAR Calculations, Dosimetry and Hyperthermia Researches at 900 and 1800 MHz GSM Frequencies. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 168 (3), 365–373.
[17]	Sorgucu, U.; and Develi, I. (2016). Head Equivalent Liquids: A Review on Composing, Recipes and Standards. In Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress on Electrical Engineering and Computer Systems and Science (p. 109). Budapest: Avestia Publishing.
[18]	Huynh, T. (2015). Fundamentals of Thermal Sensors. In C. Jha (Ed.), Thermal Sensors (1st ed., pp. 5–42). New York.
[19]	Nicholas, J. V.; and White, D. R. (2021). Traceable Temperatures, An Introduction to Temperature Measurement and Calibration (2nd ed.). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
[20]	Rijanto, E.; Soleh, R.; and Kadarwati, S. (2004). Rancang Bangun Pengkondisi Sinyal Termokopel Tipe K yang Mudah Dituning. In PPI-KIM LIPI (pp. 201–211). Serpong: P2KIM-LIPI.
[21]	Fong, E. (2007). The DBJ-2: A Portable VHF-UHF Roll-Up J-pole Antenna for ARES. ARRL, (March), 2–4.
[22]	Bonev, B.; Petkov, P. Z.; and Spassova, N. (2016). Modified Fractal Super J-pole Antenna. In ICEST 2016 (pp. 29–32). Macedonia.
[23]	Choudhury, S. H.; Momtaz, M. I.; and Matin, M. A. (2010). Analytical Deduction of the Salient Properties of a Half Wavelength J-Pole Antenna. In International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks (pp. 32–35).

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Harry Arjadi, Priyo Wibowo. (2022). Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples. Engineering and Applied Sciences, 7(4), 51-57. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Harry Arjadi; Priyo Wibowo. Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples. Eng. Appl. Sci. 2022, 7(4), 51-57. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Harry Arjadi, Priyo Wibowo. Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples. Eng Appl Sci. 2022;7(4):51-57. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12,
  author = {Harry Arjadi and Priyo Wibowo},
  title = {Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples},
  journal = {Engineering and Applied Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {51-57},
  doi = {10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eas.20220704.12},
  abstract = {As it is known that electromagnetic fields have been used for various life activities, a study was conducted to measure the electromagnetic field effect on 900 MHz head fluid replacement liquid temperature using thermocouples. This research was conducted to determine the effect and consequences of electromagnetic wave radiation on the temperature of the replacement liquid when the emitted electromagnetic field is absorbed by the replacement liquid during communication activities. J-pole antenna is used to emit electromagnetic waves as a simulation of the electromagnetic field of mobile phones. This study shows that the change in the average head fluid replacement liquid temperature is 1.43 ± 0.136°C after being exposed to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field at a level of 23 dBm, and an average temperature change of 1.46 ± 0.147°C with a field level of 33 dBm. for 10 minutes. The effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields around the head, with a certain period of time, will cause the temperature of the head fluid to increase and the electrical characteristics of the head fluid to change which can have an impact on the healthy functioning of the head.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples
AU  - Harry Arjadi
AU  - Priyo Wibowo
Y1  - 2022/07/22
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12
T2  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
JF  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
JO  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
SP  - 51
EP  - 57
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1468
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12
AB  - As it is known that electromagnetic fields have been used for various life activities, a study was conducted to measure the electromagnetic field effect on 900 MHz head fluid replacement liquid temperature using thermocouples. This research was conducted to determine the effect and consequences of electromagnetic wave radiation on the temperature of the replacement liquid when the emitted electromagnetic field is absorbed by the replacement liquid during communication activities. J-pole antenna is used to emit electromagnetic waves as a simulation of the electromagnetic field of mobile phones. This study shows that the change in the average head fluid replacement liquid temperature is 1.43 ± 0.136°C after being exposed to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field at a level of 23 dBm, and an average temperature change of 1.46 ± 0.147°C with a field level of 33 dBm. for 10 minutes. The effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields around the head, with a certain period of time, will cause the temperature of the head fluid to increase and the electrical characteristics of the head fluid to change which can have an impact on the healthy functioning of the head.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Harry Arjadi

Electromagnetic Research Group, Research Center for Testing Technology and Standard, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia
Priyo Wibowo

Electromagnetic Research Group, Research Center for Testing Technology and Standard, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Harry Arjadi, Priyo Wibowo. (2022). Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples. Engineering and Applied Sciences, 7(4), 51-57. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Harry Arjadi; Priyo Wibowo. Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples. Eng. Appl. Sci. 2022, 7(4), 51-57. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Harry Arjadi, Priyo Wibowo. Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples. Eng Appl Sci. 2022;7(4):51-57. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12,
  author = {Harry Arjadi and Priyo Wibowo},
  title = {Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples},
  journal = {Engineering and Applied Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {51-57},
  doi = {10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eas.20220704.12},
  abstract = {As it is known that electromagnetic fields have been used for various life activities, a study was conducted to measure the electromagnetic field effect on 900 MHz head fluid replacement liquid temperature using thermocouples. This research was conducted to determine the effect and consequences of electromagnetic wave radiation on the temperature of the replacement liquid when the emitted electromagnetic field is absorbed by the replacement liquid during communication activities. J-pole antenna is used to emit electromagnetic waves as a simulation of the electromagnetic field of mobile phones. This study shows that the change in the average head fluid replacement liquid temperature is 1.43 ± 0.136°C after being exposed to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field at a level of 23 dBm, and an average temperature change of 1.46 ± 0.147°C with a field level of 33 dBm. for 10 minutes. The effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields around the head, with a certain period of time, will cause the temperature of the head fluid to increase and the electrical characteristics of the head fluid to change which can have an impact on the healthy functioning of the head.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples
AU  - Harry Arjadi
AU  - Priyo Wibowo
Y1  - 2022/07/22
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12
T2  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
JF  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
JO  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
SP  - 51
EP  - 57
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1468
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12
AB  - As it is known that electromagnetic fields have been used for various life activities, a study was conducted to measure the electromagnetic field effect on 900 MHz head fluid replacement liquid temperature using thermocouples. This research was conducted to determine the effect and consequences of electromagnetic wave radiation on the temperature of the replacement liquid when the emitted electromagnetic field is absorbed by the replacement liquid during communication activities. J-pole antenna is used to emit electromagnetic waves as a simulation of the electromagnetic field of mobile phones. This study shows that the change in the average head fluid replacement liquid temperature is 1.43 ± 0.136°C after being exposed to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field at a level of 23 dBm, and an average temperature change of 1.46 ± 0.147°C with a field level of 33 dBm. for 10 minutes. The effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields around the head, with a certain period of time, will cause the temperature of the head fluid to increase and the electrical characteristics of the head fluid to change which can have an impact on the healthy functioning of the head.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download