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Phytochemical Screening of the Ethanolic Leaves and Root Extract of Scoparia Dulcis

Received: 2 October 2018     Accepted: 19 October 2018     Published: 21 November 2018
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Abstract

Plants are rich in several secondary metabolites and are a major source of chemical diversity, they are a potential source of new drugs for man whose use to control diseases is a centuries-old practice. Scoparia dulcis is an important medicinal plant, belonging to the family Scrophulariaceae. It is locally known as Rumafada in northern Nigeria. The plant is a small, much branched, glabrous, leafy annual herb or under shrub with erects or ascending branches. The objective of this study was to carry out phytochemical screening of the stem and root extract of S. dulcis. The phytochemicals screened includes; alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, phenols, reducing sugars, and terpenoids using standard methods. The ethanolic root and leaves extract of Scoparia dulcis (Scophulareacea) was investigated phytochemically. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids and phenols. Cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, and reducing sugars were absence in this investigation.

Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry (Volume 2, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijec.20180202.12
Page(s) 39-42
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Ethanol, Scoparia Dulcis, Phytochemical

References
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[2] Nuhu Abdullahi Mukhtar, Maryam Nasidi Nuhu, Jamilu Alhaji Aminu, Hadiza Abdullahi Usman, Phytochemical Analysis and In-Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Chloroform, Water and Ethanolic Stem Extracts of Calliganum polygonoides (Phog), Plant. Vol. 6, No. 2, 2018, pp. 49-52. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20180602.15.
[3] Lal B et al. Autecology of Scoparia dulcis Linn. Proc. Indian Natn Sci. Acad. 1979; 45 (4): 368-374.
[4] Mishra M R et al. Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activity of Scoparia dulcis Linn. Indian J Pharm Sci 2013; 75(5): 610-614.
[5] J. C. Mordi and 2M. A. Akanji (2012). Phytochemical Screening of the Dried Leaf Extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius and Associated Changes in Liver Enzymes Induced by its Administration in Wistar Rats. Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences 4(2): 153-158.
[6] Lalitha, T. P. and P. Jayanthi (2012). Preliminary studies on phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of solvent extracts of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research, 2(2): 115-122.
[7] Firdouse, S. and P. Alam (2011). Phytochemical Investigation of extract of Amorphophallus campanulatus tubers. International Journal of Phytomedicine, 3: 32-35.
[8] Onwukaeme, D. N., T. B. Ikuegbvweha and C. C. Asonye.(2007). Evaluation of phytochemical constituents, antibacterial activities and effect of exudates of Pycanthus angolensis Weld Warb (Myristicaceae) on corneal ulcers in rabbits. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, vol. 6, pp.725–730.
[9] Subash, K. R., B. G. Muthulakshmi R. N. Jagan and V. C. Binoy (2013). Phytochemical screening and acute toxicity study of ethanolic extract of Alpinia galanga in rodents. International Journal of Medical Research and Health Sciences, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 93-100.
[10] Kumar, G. S., K. N. Jayaveera, C. K. Kumar, U. P. Sanjay, B. M. Swamy and D. V. Kumar (2007). Antimicrobial effects of Indian medicinal plants against acne inducing bacteria. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, vol. 6, no.2, pp.717–723.
[11] Parekh, J. and S. V. Chanda (2007). In vitro antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of some Indian medicinal plants. Turkish Journal of Biology, vol. 31, pp. 53–58.
[12] Edeoga, H. O., D. E. Okwu and B. O. Mbaebie (2005). Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants. African Journal of Biotechnology, vol. 4, pp. 685–688.
[13] Trease, G. E. and W. C. Evans, (1989). Pharmacology 11th Edn., Bailliere Tindall Ltd., London, pp: 60-75.
[14] Ayoola, G. A., H. A. B. Coker, S. A. Adesegun, A. A. Adepoju-Bello, K. Obaweya1, E. C. Ezennia, T. O. Atangbayila. (2008). Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activities of Some Selected Medicinal Plants Used for Malaria Therapy in South-western Nigeria, Trop. J. Pharmaceutical Res., 7(3): 1019-1024.
[15] Zulfiker A H M et al. (2010). In vivo analgesic activity of ethanolic extracts of two medicinal plants - Scoparia dulcis L. and Ficus racemosa Linn. Biol and Med., 22 (2): 42-48.
[16] Ratnasooriya W.D, Jayakody J.R, Premakumara G.A, and Ediriweera E.R (2005). Antioxidant activity of water extract of Scoparia dulcis. Fitoterapai, 76: 220-222.
[17] Arasan Elayaraja, Sheikh Abdul Rahaman, Paneerpandiyan Prem Kumar and Mageswaran Radha Krishnan (2015). Anti-anxiety activity of hydro alcoholic extract of Scoparia dulcis Linn. assessed using different experimental anxiety models in rodents. International Journal of Pharmacological Research, (5)3 62.
[18] Palombo, E. A. (2006). Phytochemicals from traditional medicinal plants used in the treatment of diarrhoea: modes of action and effects on intestinal function. Phytother. Res., 20(9): 717-724.
[19] Mishra M R et al. A Brief Review on Phytoconstituents and Ethno pharmacology of Scoparia dulcis Linn. (Scrophulariaceae). IJPM.2011; 3: 422-438.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Muhammad Sani Nahannu, Samirah Idris Umar, Abdullahi Danbaba Abdullahi, Jamila Muhammad Hassan. (2018). Phytochemical Screening of the Ethanolic Leaves and Root Extract of Scoparia Dulcis. International Journal of Environmental Chemistry, 2(2), 39-42. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20180202.12

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    ACS Style

    Muhammad Sani Nahannu; Samirah Idris Umar; Abdullahi Danbaba Abdullahi; Jamila Muhammad Hassan. Phytochemical Screening of the Ethanolic Leaves and Root Extract of Scoparia Dulcis. Int. J. Environ. Chem. 2018, 2(2), 39-42. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20180202.12

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    AMA Style

    Muhammad Sani Nahannu, Samirah Idris Umar, Abdullahi Danbaba Abdullahi, Jamila Muhammad Hassan. Phytochemical Screening of the Ethanolic Leaves and Root Extract of Scoparia Dulcis. Int J Environ Chem. 2018;2(2):39-42. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20180202.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijec.20180202.12,
      author = {Muhammad Sani Nahannu and Samirah Idris Umar and Abdullahi Danbaba Abdullahi and Jamila Muhammad Hassan},
      title = {Phytochemical Screening of the Ethanolic Leaves and Root Extract of Scoparia Dulcis},
      journal = {International Journal of Environmental Chemistry},
      volume = {2},
      number = {2},
      pages = {39-42},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijec.20180202.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20180202.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijec.20180202.12},
      abstract = {Plants are rich in several secondary metabolites and are a major source of chemical diversity, they are a potential source of new drugs for man whose use to control diseases is a centuries-old practice. Scoparia dulcis is an important medicinal plant, belonging to the family Scrophulariaceae. It is locally known as Rumafada in northern Nigeria. The plant is a small, much branched, glabrous, leafy annual herb or under shrub with erects or ascending branches. The objective of this study was to carry out phytochemical screening of the stem and root extract of S. dulcis. The phytochemicals screened includes; alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, phenols, reducing sugars, and terpenoids using standard methods. The ethanolic root and leaves extract of Scoparia dulcis (Scophulareacea) was investigated phytochemically. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids and phenols. Cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, and reducing sugars were absence in this investigation.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Phytochemical Screening of the Ethanolic Leaves and Root Extract of Scoparia Dulcis
    AU  - Muhammad Sani Nahannu
    AU  - Samirah Idris Umar
    AU  - Abdullahi Danbaba Abdullahi
    AU  - Jamila Muhammad Hassan
    Y1  - 2018/11/21
    PY  - 2018
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20180202.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijec.20180202.12
    T2  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
    JF  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
    JO  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
    SP  - 39
    EP  - 42
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-1460
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20180202.12
    AB  - Plants are rich in several secondary metabolites and are a major source of chemical diversity, they are a potential source of new drugs for man whose use to control diseases is a centuries-old practice. Scoparia dulcis is an important medicinal plant, belonging to the family Scrophulariaceae. It is locally known as Rumafada in northern Nigeria. The plant is a small, much branched, glabrous, leafy annual herb or under shrub with erects or ascending branches. The objective of this study was to carry out phytochemical screening of the stem and root extract of S. dulcis. The phytochemicals screened includes; alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, phenols, reducing sugars, and terpenoids using standard methods. The ethanolic root and leaves extract of Scoparia dulcis (Scophulareacea) was investigated phytochemically. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids and phenols. Cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, and reducing sugars were absence in this investigation.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, School of Science Education, Sa'adatu Rimi College of Education, Kumbotso, Nigeria

  • Department of Biology, FCT College of Education, Zuba, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, School of Science Education, Sa'adatu Rimi College of Education, Kumbotso, Nigeria

  • Department of Adult and Non-formal Education, School of Education, Sa'adatu Rimi College of Education, Kumbotso, Nigeria

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