Synergistic Study of Hydroxyiron (III) and Kaolinite Composite for the Adsorptive Removal of Phenol and Cadmium

Egah Godwin Ogbaji; Baba Nwunuji Hikon; Ngantem Godfrey Sheckhar; Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima; Omovo Mavis; Ogah Ekirigwe; Aminu Fatai Ayodeji

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15

Synergistic Study of Hydroxyiron (III) and Kaolinite Composite for the Adsorptive Removal of Phenol and Cadmium

Egah Godwin Ogbaji, Baba Nwunuji Hikon, Ngantem Godfrey Sheckhar, Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima, Omovo Mavis, Ogah Ekirigwe, Aminu Fatai Ayodeji

Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry (Volume 3, Issue 1)

Received: 10 April 2019 Accepted: 29 May 2019 Published: 18 June 2019

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Abstract

This research used raw kaolinite (RK), thermally activated Kaolinite (TAK), hydroxyiron (iii) kaolinite- composite (HKC), as adsorbent for the adsorption of phenol and cadmium from aqueous solutions over a concentration range of 5–25 mg/l and 10-50 mg/l respectively. Effect of initial pH on the adsorbates was carried out at pH 2-11 at (298 K), and adsorbent dosage from 0.5 - 2.5 g with 50 ml adsorbate solution. Adsorption thermodynamics were developed for 25-55°C for 5-25 mg/L and 10-50 mg/L of phenol and cadmium solutions for 1 hr for all the adsorbents. The Physicochemical characteristics of RK, TAK and HKC were shown to be: pH 7.38, 7.26 and 7.20; pHzpc: 11.00, 10.50 and 10.10; Conductivity (2μ/cm):1.656, 1.660 and 1.657; Bulky density (g/cm³):1.186, 1.111 and 1.214; Attrition (%): 17.49, 26.53 and 27.21 respectively. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques were used to determine adsorbent features. The presence of hydroxyl, carboxylic, hydrogen bonding and aldehyde group showed that adsorbents bonds phenol and cadmium. At equilibrium, the maximum percentage removal for phenol: RK (52.020%), TAK (63.468%), HKC (79.952%) and cadmium: RK (41.980%), TAK (48.398%), HKC (65.830%) respectively were achieved for contact time. From the experiment adsorption capacities were found to increase with increase in temperature, contact time and concentration. The equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir better than the Freundlich model. The calculated thermodynamic parameters –Enthalpy change entropy change and Gibbs free energy, adsorption of both phenol and cadmium was not spontaneous but endothermic, meaning the chemisorption dominates physosorption. Adsorption kinetics was better explained by the Blanchard pseudo-second order kinetic model than the Lagergren first order. Overall, the adsorption of phenol was more favourable than for cadmium for all adsorbents.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Chemistry (Volume 3, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15
Page(s)	30-42
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Adsorption, Kaolinite, Hydroxyiron (III), Phenol, Cadmium, Kinetic, Thermodynamic, Isotherm

References

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APA Style

Egah Godwin Ogbaji, Baba Nwunuji Hikon, Ngantem Godfrey Sheckhar, Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima, Omovo Mavis, et al. (2019). Synergistic Study of Hydroxyiron (III) and Kaolinite Composite for the Adsorptive Removal of Phenol and Cadmium. International Journal of Environmental Chemistry, 3(1), 30-42. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15

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ACS Style

Egah Godwin Ogbaji; Baba Nwunuji Hikon; Ngantem Godfrey Sheckhar; Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima; Omovo Mavis, et al. Synergistic Study of Hydroxyiron (III) and Kaolinite Composite for the Adsorptive Removal of Phenol and Cadmium. Int. J. Environ. Chem. 2019, 3(1), 30-42. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15

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AMA Style

Egah Godwin Ogbaji, Baba Nwunuji Hikon, Ngantem Godfrey Sheckhar, Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima, Omovo Mavis, et al. Synergistic Study of Hydroxyiron (III) and Kaolinite Composite for the Adsorptive Removal of Phenol and Cadmium. Int J Environ Chem. 2019;3(1):30-42. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15,
  author = {Egah Godwin Ogbaji and Baba Nwunuji Hikon and Ngantem Godfrey Sheckhar and Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima and Omovo Mavis and Ogah Ekirigwe and Aminu Fatai Ayodeji},
  title = {Synergistic Study of Hydroxyiron (III) and Kaolinite Composite for the Adsorptive Removal of Phenol and Cadmium},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Chemistry},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {30-42},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijec.20190301.15},
  abstract = {This research used raw kaolinite (RK), thermally activated Kaolinite (TAK), hydroxyiron (iii) kaolinite- composite (HKC), as adsorbent for the adsorption of phenol and cadmium from aqueous solutions over a concentration range of 5–25 mg/l and 10-50 mg/l respectively. Effect of initial pH on the adsorbates was carried out at pH 2-11 at (298 K), and adsorbent dosage from 0.5 - 2.5 g with 50 ml adsorbate solution. Adsorption thermodynamics were developed for 25-55°C for 5-25 mg/L and 10-50 mg/L of phenol and cadmium solutions for 1 hr for all the adsorbents. The Physicochemical characteristics of RK, TAK and HKC were shown to be: pH 7.38, 7.26 and 7.20; pHzpc: 11.00, 10.50 and 10.10; Conductivity (2μ/cm):1.656, 1.660 and 1.657; Bulky density (g/cm3):1.186, 1.111 and 1.214; Attrition (%): 17.49, 26.53 and 27.21 respectively. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques were used to determine adsorbent features. The presence of hydroxyl, carboxylic, hydrogen bonding and aldehyde group showed that adsorbents bonds phenol and cadmium. At equilibrium, the maximum percentage removal for phenol: RK (52.020%), TAK (63.468%), HKC (79.952%) and cadmium: RK (41.980%), TAK (48.398%), HKC (65.830%) respectively were achieved for contact time. From the experiment adsorption capacities were found to increase with increase in temperature, contact time and concentration. The equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir better than the Freundlich model. The calculated thermodynamic parameters –Enthalpy change entropy change and Gibbs free energy, adsorption of both phenol and cadmium was not spontaneous but endothermic, meaning the chemisorption dominates physosorption. Adsorption kinetics was better explained by the Blanchard pseudo-second order kinetic model than the Lagergren first order. Overall, the adsorption of phenol was more favourable than for cadmium for all adsorbents.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Synergistic Study of Hydroxyiron (III) and Kaolinite Composite for the Adsorptive Removal of Phenol and Cadmium
AU  - Egah Godwin Ogbaji
AU  - Baba Nwunuji Hikon
AU  - Ngantem Godfrey Sheckhar
AU  - Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima
AU  - Omovo Mavis
AU  - Ogah Ekirigwe
AU  - Aminu Fatai Ayodeji
Y1  - 2019/06/18
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
SP  - 30
EP  - 42
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1460
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15
AB  - This research used raw kaolinite (RK), thermally activated Kaolinite (TAK), hydroxyiron (iii) kaolinite- composite (HKC), as adsorbent for the adsorption of phenol and cadmium from aqueous solutions over a concentration range of 5–25 mg/l and 10-50 mg/l respectively. Effect of initial pH on the adsorbates was carried out at pH 2-11 at (298 K), and adsorbent dosage from 0.5 - 2.5 g with 50 ml adsorbate solution. Adsorption thermodynamics were developed for 25-55°C for 5-25 mg/L and 10-50 mg/L of phenol and cadmium solutions for 1 hr for all the adsorbents. The Physicochemical characteristics of RK, TAK and HKC were shown to be: pH 7.38, 7.26 and 7.20; pHzpc: 11.00, 10.50 and 10.10; Conductivity (2μ/cm):1.656, 1.660 and 1.657; Bulky density (g/cm3):1.186, 1.111 and 1.214; Attrition (%): 17.49, 26.53 and 27.21 respectively. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques were used to determine adsorbent features. The presence of hydroxyl, carboxylic, hydrogen bonding and aldehyde group showed that adsorbents bonds phenol and cadmium. At equilibrium, the maximum percentage removal for phenol: RK (52.020%), TAK (63.468%), HKC (79.952%) and cadmium: RK (41.980%), TAK (48.398%), HKC (65.830%) respectively were achieved for contact time. From the experiment adsorption capacities were found to increase with increase in temperature, contact time and concentration. The equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir better than the Freundlich model. The calculated thermodynamic parameters –Enthalpy change entropy change and Gibbs free energy, adsorption of both phenol and cadmium was not spontaneous but endothermic, meaning the chemisorption dominates physosorption. Adsorption kinetics was better explained by the Blanchard pseudo-second order kinetic model than the Lagergren first order. Overall, the adsorption of phenol was more favourable than for cadmium for all adsorbents.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Egah Godwin Ogbaji

Department of Chemical Science, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Nigeria
Baba Nwunuji Hikon

Department of Chemical Science, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Nigeria
Ngantem Godfrey Sheckhar

Department of Chemical Science, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Nigeria
Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima

Department of Chemical Science, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Nigeria
Omovo Mavis

Department of Chemical Science, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Nigeria
Ogah Ekirigwe

Department of Chemical Science, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Nigeria
Aminu Fatai Ayodeji

Department of Chemical Science, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Nigeria

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APA Style

Egah Godwin Ogbaji, Baba Nwunuji Hikon, Ngantem Godfrey Sheckhar, Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima, Omovo Mavis, et al. (2019). Synergistic Study of Hydroxyiron (III) and Kaolinite Composite for the Adsorptive Removal of Phenol and Cadmium. International Journal of Environmental Chemistry, 3(1), 30-42. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15

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ACS Style

Egah Godwin Ogbaji; Baba Nwunuji Hikon; Ngantem Godfrey Sheckhar; Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima; Omovo Mavis, et al. Synergistic Study of Hydroxyiron (III) and Kaolinite Composite for the Adsorptive Removal of Phenol and Cadmium. Int. J. Environ. Chem. 2019, 3(1), 30-42. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15

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AMA Style

Egah Godwin Ogbaji, Baba Nwunuji Hikon, Ngantem Godfrey Sheckhar, Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima, Omovo Mavis, et al. Synergistic Study of Hydroxyiron (III) and Kaolinite Composite for the Adsorptive Removal of Phenol and Cadmium. Int J Environ Chem. 2019;3(1):30-42. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15,
  author = {Egah Godwin Ogbaji and Baba Nwunuji Hikon and Ngantem Godfrey Sheckhar and Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima and Omovo Mavis and Ogah Ekirigwe and Aminu Fatai Ayodeji},
  title = {Synergistic Study of Hydroxyiron (III) and Kaolinite Composite for the Adsorptive Removal of Phenol and Cadmium},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Chemistry},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {30-42},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijec.20190301.15},
  abstract = {This research used raw kaolinite (RK), thermally activated Kaolinite (TAK), hydroxyiron (iii) kaolinite- composite (HKC), as adsorbent for the adsorption of phenol and cadmium from aqueous solutions over a concentration range of 5–25 mg/l and 10-50 mg/l respectively. Effect of initial pH on the adsorbates was carried out at pH 2-11 at (298 K), and adsorbent dosage from 0.5 - 2.5 g with 50 ml adsorbate solution. Adsorption thermodynamics were developed for 25-55°C for 5-25 mg/L and 10-50 mg/L of phenol and cadmium solutions for 1 hr for all the adsorbents. The Physicochemical characteristics of RK, TAK and HKC were shown to be: pH 7.38, 7.26 and 7.20; pHzpc: 11.00, 10.50 and 10.10; Conductivity (2μ/cm):1.656, 1.660 and 1.657; Bulky density (g/cm3):1.186, 1.111 and 1.214; Attrition (%): 17.49, 26.53 and 27.21 respectively. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques were used to determine adsorbent features. The presence of hydroxyl, carboxylic, hydrogen bonding and aldehyde group showed that adsorbents bonds phenol and cadmium. At equilibrium, the maximum percentage removal for phenol: RK (52.020%), TAK (63.468%), HKC (79.952%) and cadmium: RK (41.980%), TAK (48.398%), HKC (65.830%) respectively were achieved for contact time. From the experiment adsorption capacities were found to increase with increase in temperature, contact time and concentration. The equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir better than the Freundlich model. The calculated thermodynamic parameters –Enthalpy change entropy change and Gibbs free energy, adsorption of both phenol and cadmium was not spontaneous but endothermic, meaning the chemisorption dominates physosorption. Adsorption kinetics was better explained by the Blanchard pseudo-second order kinetic model than the Lagergren first order. Overall, the adsorption of phenol was more favourable than for cadmium for all adsorbents.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Synergistic Study of Hydroxyiron (III) and Kaolinite Composite for the Adsorptive Removal of Phenol and Cadmium
AU  - Egah Godwin Ogbaji
AU  - Baba Nwunuji Hikon
AU  - Ngantem Godfrey Sheckhar
AU  - Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima
AU  - Omovo Mavis
AU  - Ogah Ekirigwe
AU  - Aminu Fatai Ayodeji
Y1  - 2019/06/18
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
SP  - 30
EP  - 42
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1460
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20190301.15
AB  - This research used raw kaolinite (RK), thermally activated Kaolinite (TAK), hydroxyiron (iii) kaolinite- composite (HKC), as adsorbent for the adsorption of phenol and cadmium from aqueous solutions over a concentration range of 5–25 mg/l and 10-50 mg/l respectively. Effect of initial pH on the adsorbates was carried out at pH 2-11 at (298 K), and adsorbent dosage from 0.5 - 2.5 g with 50 ml adsorbate solution. Adsorption thermodynamics were developed for 25-55°C for 5-25 mg/L and 10-50 mg/L of phenol and cadmium solutions for 1 hr for all the adsorbents. The Physicochemical characteristics of RK, TAK and HKC were shown to be: pH 7.38, 7.26 and 7.20; pHzpc: 11.00, 10.50 and 10.10; Conductivity (2μ/cm):1.656, 1.660 and 1.657; Bulky density (g/cm3):1.186, 1.111 and 1.214; Attrition (%): 17.49, 26.53 and 27.21 respectively. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques were used to determine adsorbent features. The presence of hydroxyl, carboxylic, hydrogen bonding and aldehyde group showed that adsorbents bonds phenol and cadmium. At equilibrium, the maximum percentage removal for phenol: RK (52.020%), TAK (63.468%), HKC (79.952%) and cadmium: RK (41.980%), TAK (48.398%), HKC (65.830%) respectively were achieved for contact time. From the experiment adsorption capacities were found to increase with increase in temperature, contact time and concentration. The equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir better than the Freundlich model. The calculated thermodynamic parameters –Enthalpy change entropy change and Gibbs free energy, adsorption of both phenol and cadmium was not spontaneous but endothermic, meaning the chemisorption dominates physosorption. Adsorption kinetics was better explained by the Blanchard pseudo-second order kinetic model than the Lagergren first order. Overall, the adsorption of phenol was more favourable than for cadmium for all adsorbents.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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