Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDAX & TEM) Studies on Streptococcosis in Egyptian Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>)

Hosam Saleh; Fatma A. S. Mohamed; Mohamed Abd Al-Razik; Nader Mahmoud; Abeer H. Younis; Madiha Salah Ibrahim

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14

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Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDAX & TEM) Studies on Streptococcosis in Egyptian Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Hosam Saleh, Fatma A. S. Mohamed, Mohamed Abd Al-Razik, Nader Mahmoud, Abeer H. Younis, Madiha Salah Ibrahim

Published in International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology (Volume 2, Issue 3)

Received: 9 June 2017 Accepted: 16 June 2017 Published: 25 July 2017

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Abstract

A field study on Streptococcus infection as a major cause for epidemic infections in Nile Tilapia aquaculture in Kafr El-Shikh Governorate was conducted. This study was carried out to study the gross lesions and post mortem finding of Streptococcsis in Nile Tilapia. Streptococcus was isolated, then identified by Electron Microscopy (Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDAX) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)) to investigate the phenotypic characteristics, ultra-structure of the bacterial cells. Clinical signs of the infected fish showed presence of hemorrhagic patches on different external body regions, ascitis and exophthalmia. Post mortem examinations revealed presence of inflammation of the liver, spleen and kidney. Microbial identification by Gram stain showed Gram positive cocci in shape arranged in chains and the biochemical tests displayed negative catalase and oxidase tests. Electron Microscopy (SEM, EDAX & TEM) confirmed these results and showed the clear cocci shape of streptococcus species and the arrangement of the chains with a bacterial average length of 700 nm. The EDAX results revealed that the elemental structure of the bacterial sample were C,N,O with the concentration 46.93%, 16.61% and 36.46%, respectively.

Published in	International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology (Volume 2, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14
Page(s)	119-124
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Streptococcus species, Oreochromis niloticus, SEM, TEM, EDAX

References

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[2]	Kei Y, Takashi K., Kishio H, Meliya B. Prasatporn B. Two cases of streptococcal infections of cultured tilapia in Asia; 2008. pp. 259-268.
[3]	Riccardo R, Hugh M, Roy PE Yanong. Characterization of Streptococcus iniae isolated from ornamental cyprinid fishes and development of challenge models; 2006. Aquaculture 256. 105–110.
[4]	Nehal MF, Kamelia MO, Mai EEI, Mohamed NMA, and Sahar SA. Streptococcosis in tilapia. Clinico-pathological picture of experimentally infected tilapia. Life Science Journal 2014; 11(9).
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[9]	Huu TN, Kinya K, Kazuma Y. Immunohistochemical Examination of Experimental Streptococcus iniae Infection in Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Fish Pathology. 2001, 36 (3), 169-178.
[10]	Haghighi KS, Soltani M, Nikbakhat BG, Ghasemi M, Skall HF. Molecular epidemiology of zoonotic streptococcosis / lactococcosis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture in Iran. 2010. 198-209.
[11]	Rogério S, Ernst EM, Julio C, Julio HL, Lucienne GPG, Juliana AD. Isolation and characterization of Streptococcus spp. group B in Nile tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in hapas nets and earth nurseries in the northern region of Parana State, Brazil; 2005. v.35, n.6, p.1374-1378.
[12]	Abuseliana A, Daud H, Abdul Aziz, Bejo, Alsaid M. Pathogenicity of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolated from a Fish Farm in Selangor to Juvenile Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances; 2011. 10. 914-919.
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[14]	C. Barnes, M. Young, T. Horne, E. Ellis. Streptococcus iniae: serological differences, presence of capsule and resistance to immune serum killing. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms; 2003. 53: 241–247.
[15]	T. Buchanan, M. Colvin, R. Vicknair, K. Patel, M. Timmer, Nizet. Strain-associated virulence factors of Streptococcus iniae in hybrid-striped bass. Veterinary Microbiology; 2008. 131. 145–153.
[16]	B. Locke, M. Colvin, K. Datta, K. Patel, N. Naidu, N. Neely, Nizet, T. Buchanan. Streptococcus iniae Capsule Impairs Phagocytic Clearance and Contributes to Virulence in Fish; 2007. Journal of bacteriology, p. 1279–1287.

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Hosam Saleh, Fatma A. S. Mohamed, Mohamed Abd Al-Razik, Nader Mahmoud, Abeer H. Younis, et al. (2017). Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDAX & TEM) Studies on Streptococcosis in Egyptian Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 2(3), 119-124. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14

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ACS Style

Hosam Saleh; Fatma A. S. Mohamed; Mohamed Abd Al-Razik; Nader Mahmoud; Abeer H. Younis, et al. Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDAX & TEM) Studies on Streptococcosis in Egyptian Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Int. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol. 2017, 2(3), 119-124. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14

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AMA Style

Hosam Saleh, Fatma A. S. Mohamed, Mohamed Abd Al-Razik, Nader Mahmoud, Abeer H. Younis, et al. Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDAX & TEM) Studies on Streptococcosis in Egyptian Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Int J Ecotoxicol Ecobiol. 2017;2(3):119-124. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14,
  author = {Hosam Saleh and Fatma A. S. Mohamed and Mohamed Abd Al-Razik and Nader Mahmoud and Abeer H. Younis and Madiha Salah Ibrahim},
  title = {Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDAX & TEM) Studies on Streptococcosis in Egyptian Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)},
  journal = {International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology},
  volume = {2},
  number = {3},
  pages = {119-124},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijee.20170203.14},
  abstract = {A field study on Streptococcus infection as a major cause for epidemic infections in Nile Tilapia aquaculture in Kafr El-Shikh Governorate was conducted. This study was carried out to study the gross lesions and post mortem finding of Streptococcsis in Nile Tilapia. Streptococcus was isolated, then identified by Electron Microscopy (Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDAX) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)) to investigate the phenotypic characteristics, ultra-structure of the bacterial cells. Clinical signs of the infected fish showed presence of hemorrhagic patches on different external body regions, ascitis and exophthalmia. Post mortem examinations revealed presence of inflammation of the liver, spleen and kidney. Microbial identification by Gram stain showed Gram positive cocci in shape arranged in chains and the biochemical tests displayed negative catalase and oxidase tests. Electron Microscopy (SEM, EDAX & TEM) confirmed these results and showed the clear cocci shape of streptococcus species and the arrangement of the chains with a bacterial average length of 700 nm. The EDAX results revealed that the elemental structure of the bacterial sample were C,N,O with the concentration 46.93%, 16.61% and 36.46%, respectively.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDAX & TEM) Studies on Streptococcosis in Egyptian Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
AU - Hosam Saleh
AU - Fatma A. S. Mohamed
AU - Mohamed Abd Al-Razik
AU - Nader Mahmoud
AU - Abeer H. Younis
AU - Madiha Salah Ibrahim
Y1 - 2017/07/25
PY - 2017
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14
DO - 10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14
T2 - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JF - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
JO - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
SP - 119
EP - 124
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-1735
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14
AB - A field study on Streptococcus infection as a major cause for epidemic infections in Nile Tilapia aquaculture in Kafr El-Shikh Governorate was conducted. This study was carried out to study the gross lesions and post mortem finding of Streptococcsis in Nile Tilapia. Streptococcus was isolated, then identified by Electron Microscopy (Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDAX) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)) to investigate the phenotypic characteristics, ultra-structure of the bacterial cells. Clinical signs of the infected fish showed presence of hemorrhagic patches on different external body regions, ascitis and exophthalmia. Post mortem examinations revealed presence of inflammation of the liver, spleen and kidney. Microbial identification by Gram stain showed Gram positive cocci in shape arranged in chains and the biochemical tests displayed negative catalase and oxidase tests. Electron Microscopy (SEM, EDAX & TEM) confirmed these results and showed the clear cocci shape of streptococcus species and the arrangement of the chains with a bacterial average length of 700 nm. The EDAX results revealed that the elemental structure of the bacterial sample were C,N,O with the concentration 46.93%, 16.61% and 36.46%, respectively.
VL - 2
IS - 3
ER -

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Author Information

Hosam Saleh

Fish Diseases Lab., National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt
Fatma A. S. Mohamed

Fish Diseases Lab., National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt
Mohamed Abd Al-Razik

Fish Breeding & Production Department, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt
Nader Mahmoud

Fish Diseases Lab., National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt
Abeer H. Younis

Biotechnology Lab., National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt
Madiha Salah Ibrahim

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt

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APA Style

Hosam Saleh, Fatma A. S. Mohamed, Mohamed Abd Al-Razik, Nader Mahmoud, Abeer H. Younis, et al. (2017). Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDAX & TEM) Studies on Streptococcosis in Egyptian Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 2(3), 119-124. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14

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ACS Style

Hosam Saleh; Fatma A. S. Mohamed; Mohamed Abd Al-Razik; Nader Mahmoud; Abeer H. Younis, et al. Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDAX & TEM) Studies on Streptococcosis in Egyptian Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Int. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol. 2017, 2(3), 119-124. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14

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AMA Style

Hosam Saleh, Fatma A. S. Mohamed, Mohamed Abd Al-Razik, Nader Mahmoud, Abeer H. Younis, et al. Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDAX & TEM) Studies on Streptococcosis in Egyptian Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Int J Ecotoxicol Ecobiol. 2017;2(3):119-124. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14,
  author = {Hosam Saleh and Fatma A. S. Mohamed and Mohamed Abd Al-Razik and Nader Mahmoud and Abeer H. Younis and Madiha Salah Ibrahim},
  title = {Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDAX & TEM) Studies on Streptococcosis in Egyptian Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)},
  journal = {International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology},
  volume = {2},
  number = {3},
  pages = {119-124},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20170203.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijee.20170203.14},
  abstract = {A field study on Streptococcus infection as a major cause for epidemic infections in Nile Tilapia aquaculture in Kafr El-Shikh Governorate was conducted. This study was carried out to study the gross lesions and post mortem finding of Streptococcsis in Nile Tilapia. Streptococcus was isolated, then identified by Electron Microscopy (Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDAX) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)) to investigate the phenotypic characteristics, ultra-structure of the bacterial cells. Clinical signs of the infected fish showed presence of hemorrhagic patches on different external body regions, ascitis and exophthalmia. Post mortem examinations revealed presence of inflammation of the liver, spleen and kidney. Microbial identification by Gram stain showed Gram positive cocci in shape arranged in chains and the biochemical tests displayed negative catalase and oxidase tests. Electron Microscopy (SEM, EDAX & TEM) confirmed these results and showed the clear cocci shape of streptococcus species and the arrangement of the chains with a bacterial average length of 700 nm. The EDAX results revealed that the elemental structure of the bacterial sample were C,N,O with the concentration 46.93%, 16.61% and 36.46%, respectively.},
 year = {2017}
}

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