COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Impact on Population Mental Health
Aymen Elsous,
Amira Shaheen,
Hedia Teraoui,
Shahenaz Najjar,
Suha Baloushah,
Kahina Mekious,
Mahmoud Radwan,
Mohammad Abu Rayya
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
83-91
Received:
18 November 2020
Accepted:
30 November 2020
Published:
11 December 2020
Abstract: The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) was recognized as pandemic and posed a risk on populations' mental health status. This study aimed to examine anxiety experience, attitudes and perceived mental health care needs of Arabs populations under COVID-19 pandemic. Online cross-sectional study was employed to collect data from Palestinians and Tunisians using a self-reported questionnaire and following non-probability snow ball sampling approach. Descriptive and univariate analyses were applied. Eight hundred fifteen subjects responded, of which 534 from Palestine and 281 from Tunisia and mean age (SD) was 34.07 (11.36) and 27.94 (9.30), respectively. Palestinians and Tunisians showed positive attitudes toward COVID-19 with mean (SD) 4.28 (.47) and 4.17 (.45), respectively. Mean (SD) anxiety score was 2.94 (.67) and 3.30 (.69) in participants from Palestine and Tunisia, respectively and severe anxiety was reported in 6.7% and 16% among Palestinians and Tunisians, respectively. Both Palestinians and Tunisians agreed on the importance of seeking and receiving aid from mental health professionals to combat COVID-19. Attitudes improved with increased education and females showed to have better attitudes and much anxiety than males. Addressing mental health issues is necessary for population under the pandemic of COVID-19 to minimize anxiety level and ensure better mental health status.
Abstract: The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) was recognized as pandemic and posed a risk on populations' mental health status. This study aimed to examine anxiety experience, attitudes and perceived mental health care needs of Arabs populations under COVID-19 pandemic. Online cross-sectional study was employed to collect data from Palestinians and Tunisians us...
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Study of Relationship Between Humor Styles and Attitude Toward Suicide with Psychological Well- Being in Teenagers
Narges Mirani Sargazi,
Mohadeseh Ordoni,
Mohammad Reza Dastamooz,
Mohamadsadegh Besharatnia,
Fatemeh Dehghan
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
92-100
Received:
8 August 2020
Accepted:
26 August 2020
Published:
11 December 2020
Abstract: The adolescence is considered a dangerous period for the suicide. In this period, the suicide commitment as a behavior sometimes is regarded as a solution for the mental and external conflicts. The suicide is of mental health problems. The researches done in the case of suicide study three crucial phenomena including suicidal thoughts, attempting suicide and suicide itself. The present research aims to study the relationship between the humor styles and attitude toward suicide with the psychological well- being in the teenagers. Descriptive- surveying method has been applied in this study. The statistic population of present study includes all the male and female teenagers of Zahedan city during the school year 2018- 19. The studied sample was selected by random sampling and Cochran formula that its volume was equal to 270 members. The tools used for collecting data were the questionnaires including Martin and his colleagues' questionnaire (1998) and Multi-Attitude Suicide Tendency Scale (MAST) questionnaire presented by Orbach and his colleagues. SPSS25 software was used for analyzing the data. According to the descriptive statistics of the data, among the dimensions of humor styles and dimensions of attitude toward suicide, the most average is related to the self- defeating style and the affiliative style, respectively. The results of data analysis confirmed all the existing hypotheses and revealed that there is relationship between the humor styles and the attitude toward suicide with the psychological well- being in the teenagers.
Abstract: The adolescence is considered a dangerous period for the suicide. In this period, the suicide commitment as a behavior sometimes is regarded as a solution for the mental and external conflicts. The suicide is of mental health problems. The researches done in the case of suicide study three crucial phenomena including suicidal thoughts, attempting s...
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Effects of Refractive Status and Axial Length of the Eye on Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Thickness Measured by OCT
Hanan Ibrahim,
Yusuf Suleiman,
Najwa Kordoghli
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
101-106
Received:
27 September 2020
Accepted:
12 October 2020
Published:
16 December 2020
Abstract: Background: Retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness is an important indicator in diagnosis and monitoring of optic disc diseases. RNFL thickness is affected by many factors such as race and age. Refractive errors are the most common ocular problem affecting all age groups, and affect ocular structures such as retina and optic nerve. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive instrument that provides accurate measurements of RNFL thickness and detects early structural changes. This technique is safe, repeatable and quick. Objective: To evaluate the influence of refractive status and axial length of the eye on retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness in emmetropics, myopics and hyperopics. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, included 192 subjects (384 eyes) aged 18 to 30 years, who were divided into 3 main groups based on postcycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE), the subjects were also divided into groups based on their axial length (AXL). Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness was measured by OCT, axial length was measured by ultrasound A scan. Results: Thicknesses of Average RNFL, (Superior Temporal, Superior Nasal, Inferior Nasal, Nasal) sectors decreased with myopia and increased with hyperopia and this was statistically significant (p=0.0001), thicknesses also decreased with increasing of axial length and this was statistically significant (ST, SN, IN P-value =0.0001, N P-value =0.02, Avg. P-value =0.001). Thicknesses of (Temporal, Inferior Temporal) sectors decreased with hyperopia and increased with myopia and this was statistically significant (T P-value =0.0001, IT P-value=0.004), thicknesses also decreased with decreasing of axial length and this was statistically significant (T P-value=0.03, IT P-value= 0.001). Conclusion: Refractive status and axial length affect RNFL thickness, so they should be considered in mind before making any ocular diagnosis in which the RNFL is a diagnostic criteria.
Abstract: Background: Retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness is an important indicator in diagnosis and monitoring of optic disc diseases. RNFL thickness is affected by many factors such as race and age. Refractive errors are the most common ocular problem affecting all age groups, and affect ocular structures such as retina and optic nerve. Optical cohe...
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