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The Effect of Board Independence and Board Meeting on Firm Performance: Evidence from Jordan
Almontaser Abdallah Mohammad Qadorah,
Faudziah Hanim Bt Fadzil
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 5, September 2018
Pages:
105-109
Received:
19 September 2018
Accepted:
9 October 2018
Published:
29 October 2018
Abstract: The purpose of this study to examine the relationship between the internal corporate governance mechanism related to the board of directors’ characteristics namely (board independence and frequency of board meetings) and firm performance in Jordanian listed firms. The study used Cross-sectional data for the year 2013, with a sample of 64 industrial firms listed in the Amman Stock Exchange. Firm performance was measured by return on assets (ROA) as an accounting-based performance measure. The current study utilized multiple linear regression analysis to test the hypotheses and examine the relationship between the board of directors’ characteristics namely (board independence and frequency of board meetings) and firm performance. The findings showed that board independence is significantly and positively related to ROA. The current study found an insignificant relationship between the frequency of board meetings and firm performance measured by ROA. These results indicate that the monitoring role of the more independent board could have a significant influence on firm performance. Contradictory to expectation, the result of this study reveals that the frequency of board meetings do not determine the performance of industrial Jordanian firms. Further, Current study findings provide the idea to future researchers for further empirically explore the importance of the board of director's characteristics in Jordan. This study provides several important implications for the theory, regulatory authorities and policy makers and academia and researchers.
Abstract: The purpose of this study to examine the relationship between the internal corporate governance mechanism related to the board of directors’ characteristics namely (board independence and frequency of board meetings) and firm performance in Jordanian listed firms. The study used Cross-sectional data for the year 2013, with a sample of 64 industrial...
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International Public Sector Accounting Standard (IPSAS) in Nigeria as a Correlate to Transparency and Accountability
Innocent Felix Idoko,
Susan Peter Teru,
Mustapha TafidaAminu
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 5, September 2018
Pages:
110-116
Received:
3 September 2018
Accepted:
19 October 2018
Published:
12 November 2018
Abstract: International Public Sector Accounting Standard (IPSAS) is the version of International Financial Reporting Standardfor meetingcomplex challenges of modern financial reporting. (This is in terms of coherency, consistency, uniformity, internationalization, and clarity in the preparation and reporting standard for public sector financial information. This study is empirical and seeks to determine the correlation between IPSAS implementation and transparency and Accountability in the Nigeria Public sector. A positive correlation will be in consonance with the Accounting theory of fair reporting of the socio-economic position and performance of practicing organizations. Conclusion can be that transparency and Accountability are being embraced. Consequently, such result justifies the Direct Benefit Theory for instance that direct capital inflow into Nigeria from other IPSAS practicing countries is being facilitated. A hypothesis on the relationship between IPSAS implementation and Transparency and Accountability was formulated. The Central Bank of Nigeria and the Auditor General of the Federation’s offices from which 100, and 50 staff randomly selected provided useful information. Primary and secondary data utilized were utilized for this study. Simple percentages were used for ratings in the analysis of data. The hypothesis was tested through the Product – Moment Correlation. Out of 150 respondents, 102 (or 68%) posited that there is a high correlation between IPSAS implementation and transparency and accountability in IPSAS practicing organizations. Correlation coefficient, r of 0.20 (or 20%) obtained implies a Linear relationship. The null hypothesis of no correlation between IPSAS implementation and transparency and accountability was rejected, while the alternative hypothesis was accepted. Conclusion was that 20% coefficient shows a weak correlation implying the need for complementary independent variables (like increased regulatory framework) as transparency and accountability re-enforcements. It is recommended that more regulatory framework be promoted.
Abstract: International Public Sector Accounting Standard (IPSAS) is the version of International Financial Reporting Standardfor meetingcomplex challenges of modern financial reporting. (This is in terms of coherency, consistency, uniformity, internationalization, and clarity in the preparation and reporting standard for public sector financial information....
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Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Case Studies to Examine Conflicting Views on Taxation
Hsiu-li Wu,
Shang-Yung Yen
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 5, September 2018
Pages:
117-126
Received:
21 October 2018
Accepted:
6 November 2018
Published:
30 November 2018
Abstract: Multinational corporations have contributed to the unfair phenomenon of tax base erosion and profit shifting by taxation planning and transferring profits into countries or territories with low tax rates. The OECD, under the push from G20 member countries, launched 15 action plans for BEPS (Base Erosion and Profit Shifting), as an attempt to drive reforms in tax systems across different countries for a just and efficient taxation system. As part of this global initiative, the Taiwanese government is also amending its tax laws for better consistency, substance, transparency and fairness. This paper examines Google, Amazon and Starbucks headquartered in the U.S. and Feng Tay headquartered in Taiwan and analyzes how multinational corporations leverage the difference in tax rates in different countries and the existence of bilateral tax agreements for tax planning and profit shifting. The European Commission holds the view that such practices violate the laws of the European Union. This paper conducts an in-depth analysis on the arguments from both sides and develops suggestions on the basis of tax fairness, moral issues and research findings. It is hoped that taxations and profits travel in a just and efficient environment so that taxation fairness benefits economic developments and effective use of resources.
Abstract: Multinational corporations have contributed to the unfair phenomenon of tax base erosion and profit shifting by taxation planning and transferring profits into countries or territories with low tax rates. The OECD, under the push from G20 member countries, launched 15 action plans for BEPS (Base Erosion and Profit Shifting), as an attempt to drive ...
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A Study on the Role of Government Audit in Promoting the Growth of Central Enterprises
Qiu Xia,
Ke Gao,
Kai Wang
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 5, September 2018
Pages:
127-133
Received:
17 November 2018
Published:
6 December 2018
Abstract: As the pillar of state-owned economy, the central enterprises undertake social responsibilities and political tasks different from other enterprises. In recent years, government audit organs have found through auditing that many problems existed in financial management and accounting, operating management, and the implementation of the spirit of the Eight Rules of Central Committee of the CPC and regulations on honest work in central enterprises. Therefore, consummating audit of central enterprises and strengthening supervision over state-owned enterprises and assets are of great importance to promoting central enterprises to deepen reforms, improve operating management, regulate the exercise of power, and enhance the quality and performance of development. Yet defining the role of government audit in the growth of central enterprises is a major prerequisite to complete audit of central enterprises. Through the study of historical changes of Chinese audit environment and present problems analyzing the government audit’s role, character evolution, the results can be drawn that the roles of government audit in promoting the development of the central enterprises are as follows: the supervisor of legal compliance, the discoverer of the problems and risks, and the role of promoting the central enterprises to perfect internal control, implement major national policy decisions. On that basis, some suggestions on how to play the above-mentioned roles are given.
Abstract: As the pillar of state-owned economy, the central enterprises undertake social responsibilities and political tasks different from other enterprises. In recent years, government audit organs have found through auditing that many problems existed in financial management and accounting, operating management, and the implementation of the spirit of th...
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