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Detection of Activity Concentration, Dose Rate, Absorbed Dose and Effective Annual Dose of Radionuclide's Around Fertilizer and Pesticide Stores, Al-Jazeera Project in Sudan
Hafiz Fatelrahman Babeker Fadl Alla,
Mahmoud Hamid Mmahmoud Hilo,
Ahmed Al Hassan Alfaki
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
47-52
Received:
15 February 2021
Accepted:
26 March 2021
Published:
10 July 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.rst.20210703.11
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Abstract: This paper demonstrates the evaluation of radiological risk factors due to terrestrial radionuclides in soil, about the stores of pesticides and fertilizers for Al-Jazeera agricultural project in Al-Hasahisa, Sudan, to address the issue of the natural radioactivity of this area. Hence, levels of 226Ra, 232Th, 228Ra, 40K and 137Ci in the soil were calculated (by using germanium detector), and then the radiation risk parameters were calculated. its including radioactivity concentration Bq/kg, absorbed dose D, and effective annual dose E, its due to inhalation of radon (222Rn) and consumption of potassium (40K), radium (226Ra), radium (228Ra), thorium (232Th) and mean activity concentrations±deviation The norms for the five primitive radionuclides were, respectively, 268.98±5.22, 14.54±0.2, 15.31±1.54, 20.45±0.96, and 0.34±0.19 Bq kg-1. This results somewhat normal distribution of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The results obtained indicate that some radiation risk factors appear to be unfavorable. The mean average absorbed dose±standard deviation (30.54±2.71) nGyh-1 was a slightly normal distribution of the average value of 30.54 nGy/ h, and the Average annual effective dose E (µSVyear-1)±standard deviation (37.48±3.32).) SVyear-1 was a slightly normalized distribution of the value of SVyear-1 its compared with the data of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The study focuses light on the demand to develop a comprehensive program for radiation protection in Sudan and in agricultural projects that constantly use pesticides and fertilizers for regulatory oversight.
Abstract: This paper demonstrates the evaluation of radiological risk factors due to terrestrial radionuclides in soil, about the stores of pesticides and fertilizers for Al-Jazeera agricultural project in Al-Hasahisa, Sudan, to address the issue of the natural radioactivity of this area. Hence, levels of 226Ra, 232Th, 228Ra, 40K and 137Ci in the soil were c...
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A Study of the Organic and Nonorganic Food Ingredients with Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis
Zaijing Sun,
Yaoling Long,
Qingsheng Cai
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
53-59
Received:
31 May 2021
Accepted:
11 June 2021
Published:
29 July 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.rst.20210703.12
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Abstract: Organic food is welcomed by the general public because people think organic food is more environment-friendly and can introduce a healthy lifestyle. This popular notion is under scrutiny recently. Compared with conventional food, does the organic food we obtained from local farms and/or supermarket chains are actually chemically healthier? In this research, organic fruit and vegetables with USDA certification from local farmers and popular supermarket chains, along with their conventional counterparts, were collected and studied by a radioanalytical method—instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Samples were irradiated by thermal and epithermal neutrons from the PULSTART nuclear reactor. After that, regular gamma-ray spectroscopy was applied to obtain the qualitative and quantitative information of target isotopes. Our preliminary study indicated that there is not much difference in the trace elements content between organic food and its conventional counterpart. Some heavy metals, which are commonly regarded as the source of harmful components, are detected in both categories. In terms of methodology, INAA is proved to be a sensitive radioanalytical tool to tell the elemental information on atomic or nuclear levels. However, as a nuclear technique, it lacks the capability to probe the properties of compounds on the molecular level, which may be the real difference between organic and nonorganic food.
Abstract: Organic food is welcomed by the general public because people think organic food is more environment-friendly and can introduce a healthy lifestyle. This popular notion is under scrutiny recently. Compared with conventional food, does the organic food we obtained from local farms and/or supermarket chains are actually chemically healthier? In this ...
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Evaluation of Health Effect of Gamma Radiation from Uburu and Okposi-Okwu Salt-Lakes in Ebonyi State, During Rainy and Dry Seasons
Chikwendu Emenike Orji,
Igboke Chinasa Amos,
Kelechukwu Bierechi Okeoma,
Udoka Mathias Ukewuhie
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
60-66
Received:
5 July 2021
Accepted:
16 July 2021
Published:
4 August 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.rst.20210703.13
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Abstract: A comparative study of the gamma radiation in Uburu and Okposi-Okwu Salt-Lakes located in Ohaozara Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, during rainy and dry seasons was carried out using a hand-held RadEye G20–ER10 gamma survey meter and a geographical position system. Three samples were taken randomly from five different points of the two Salt-Lakes and their host communities during both seasons and their averages were recorded. An in-situ exposure rate measurements were used to evaluate the absorbed dose rate, the annual effective dose and the Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk. The results obtained were compared with the world average so as to determine the health risk to the studied environment. The mean exposure rate, absorbed dose rate (ADR), annual effective dose (AED), and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) from Uburu and Okposi-Okwu Salt-Lakes during rainy season were 0.139 µSv/h, 138.8 nGy/h, 0.170mSv/y and 0.596×10-3; 0.123 µSv/h, 121.8 nGy/h, 0.149mSv/y and 0.523×10-3 respectively. Also, the mean exposure rates, ADR, AED, and ELCR from Uburu and Okposi-Okwu Salt-Lake during dry season were 0.177 µSv/h, 176.6 nGy/h, 0.216mSv/y and 0.758×10-3; 0.174 µSv/h, 173.3 nGy/h, 0.213mSv/y and 0.746×10-3 respectively. All the assessed results are higher than the world standard value for the general public. These results showed that the studied areas are radiation contaminated. The results within the Salt Lake environment are higher than the results from their host communities. This may be attributed to the activities within the Salt Lake environment such as local salt processing. Also, the results from the two studied areas during dry season were higher than that of the rainy season.
Abstract: A comparative study of the gamma radiation in Uburu and Okposi-Okwu Salt-Lakes located in Ohaozara Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, during rainy and dry seasons was carried out using a hand-held RadEye G20–ER10 gamma survey meter and a geographical position system. Three samples were taken randomly from five different points of the two Salt-L...
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Personnal Dosimetry, as a Means of Monitoring Workers Under Ionizing Radiation in Madagascar
Hery Fanja Randriantseheno,
Veroniaina Raharimboangy,
Joseph Lucien Radaorolala Zafimanjato,
Ralainirina Dina Randriantsizafy,
Roland Raboanary
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
67-71
Received:
19 July 2021
Accepted:
30 July 2021
Published:
9 August 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.rst.20210703.14
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Abstract: Personal dosimetry is the means of monitoring workers under ionizing radiation in Madagascar. This dosimetry consists in measuring the operational quantities Hp (10) or Hp (0.07) (equivalent doses to the whole organism and to the skin) and to check that these values do not exceed the authorized annual dose limit. In fact, dose limitation is one of the means of protecting workers against the harmful effects of ionizing radiation. In Madagascar, the Dosimetry and Radiation Protection Department of INSTN-Madagascar has a HARSHAW 6600 personal dosimeter reader. It is a powerful device because it reads automatically and can read 200 cards at one time. Despite the capacity of this device, there is still some manual work to do for data management, by recording in a "log book" the doses read by the reader and joining them in the database of workers. To address the objective of specifically managing the doses received by workers. The goal of this work is to facilitate the reading process of TLDs by recovering the data coming from the reader and by exploiting them in the database of the workers. With more than a thousand personal passive dosimeters distributed to more than 700 workers under ionizing radiation in Madagascar and abroad. This monitoring has been carried out since 1993 until today. If the dose is exceeded, the employer must specify the presumed causes of the excess and inform the INSTN and the labor inspectorate.
Abstract: Personal dosimetry is the means of monitoring workers under ionizing radiation in Madagascar. This dosimetry consists in measuring the operational quantities Hp (10) or Hp (0.07) (equivalent doses to the whole organism and to the skin) and to check that these values do not exceed the authorized annual dose limit. In fact, dose limitation is one of ...
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Reference Person Dose-Area Product and Organ Dose-Area Product Estimates During Pelvis Radiography in Some Selected Centres in Lagos Conurbation, Nigeria
Fredrick Olukayode Adeyemi,
Olabode Olatunbosun Olofinlade
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
72-82
Received:
15 July 2021
Accepted:
16 August 2021
Published:
10 September 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.rst.20210703.15
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Abstract: Background: In diagnostic radiology, focus on patient’s dose measurement has been on the estimation of entrance skin surface dose and its equivalent risk assessor (effective and organ doses). So, this study identified DAP’s as capable of performing same function as ESD in patient dose monitoring. Thus, reported estimates on dose area product (DAP) and the equivalent risk to organ’s exposed in adult patients during pelvis examination in Lagos State, Nigeria. Patients and Methods: Gender percentage ratio of 39.4 and 60.4 for male and female respectively, from six selected centres, exposed for both pelvis AP and LAT of the procedures were monitored using mathematical approach and dose Cal version 2.31 software, designed to monitor organ’s dose and DAP. Results: The average DAP and it equivalent organ dose area product (ODAP) values recorded from a population of 278 adult patients studied were found to be within expected limits for a reference adult person. Though, DAP for pelvis AP was found almost twice that recorded for the pelvis LAT. High and low organ DAP recorded for both gender from urinary bladder and lungs respectively for pelvis AP whilst these were pelvis bone and lungs for male and ovaries and lungs for female from pelvis LAT respectively. High values were equally recorded for the reproductive organs (Testicles and Ovaries) during pelvis AP. Conclusion: This study therefore suggest that better understanding of organ anatomical position in relation to specific examination will better promote as low as reasonable practicable.
Abstract: Background: In diagnostic radiology, focus on patient’s dose measurement has been on the estimation of entrance skin surface dose and its equivalent risk assessor (effective and organ doses). So, this study identified DAP’s as capable of performing same function as ESD in patient dose monitoring. Thus, reported estimates on dose area product (DAP) ...
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