Case Report
Pneumomediastinum, Pneumothorax and Subcutaneous Emphysema - A Rare Form of Presentation for Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia
Sepideh Hasanzadeh,
Ali Mehri,
Kiarash Ghazvini,
Zahra Ataee*
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
11-15
Received:
5 January 2023
Accepted:
15 May 2023
Published:
6 July 2023
Abstract: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM), pneumothorax (PNX), and spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema (SCE) are rare but serious complications that can occur in severe cases of COVID-19 pneumonia. These conditions occur due to widespread damage to the alveoli, the tiny air sacs in the lungs, which can lead to alveolar rupture and air leakage. In a recent study, four cases of COVID-19 pneumonia were reported, all of whom presented with symptoms suggestive of pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, or subcutaneous emphysema. Of these cases, three had no history of any iatrogenic intervention, meaning they had not undergone any medical procedures that could have caused these conditions. The fourth person developed pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema after intubation, which is the process of inserting a tube into the airway to assist with breathing. These cases highlight the importance of considering these conditions as potential complications of COVID-19 itself, as well as the potential complications of managing the disease. It is critical to monitor patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia closely for any signs of respiratory distress or worsening symptoms, and to promptly address any complications that may arise. In conclusion, while SPM, PNX, and SCE are rare complications of COVID-19 pneumonia, healthcare providers should be aware of their potential occurrence and take appropriate measures to prevent, detect, and manage them. This is especially important in patients with severe disease or those undergoing invasive procedures. Early recognition and intervention can help prevent serious complications and improve outcomes for patients.
Abstract: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM), pneumothorax (PNX), and spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema (SCE) are rare but serious complications that can occur in severe cases of COVID-19 pneumonia. These conditions occur due to widespread damage to the alveoli, the tiny air sacs in the lungs, which can lead to alveolar rupture and air leakage. In a recent...
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Review Article
Recombinant Laccase: A Promising Tool for Industrial Effluent Bioremediation
Vishal Chandra,
Kumari Arpita,
Pramod Yadav*,
Vikas Raghuvanshi,
Amarjeet Yadav,
Samim Ali,
Vivek Mani Tripathi,
Sandeep Prajapati
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
16-22
Received:
20 September 2023
Accepted:
23 October 2023
Published:
9 November 2023
Abstract: Industrial effluents contain contaminants that pose threats to the environment and human health. Bioremediation is an environmentally friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective approach to degrade or transform pollutants using microbial enzymes. Laccase is a versatile enzyme that oxidizes a wide range of substrates, such as dyes, phenolic compounds, pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with the consumption of molecular oxygen. Laccase can also remove heavy metals by forming complexes with organic ligands or reducing them to fewer toxic forms. However, the application of laccase in bioremediation is limited by its low production, stability, and specificity. Recombinant technology has been employed to enhance the expression, activity, and stability of laccase in various bacterial hosts. Immobilization techniques have been developed to improve the reusability and stability of laccase in different environmental conditions. This review summarizes the recent developments in the production optimization of recombinant laccase enzymes and their role in the bioremediation of industrial effluents. It also discusses the challenges of laccase-based biocatalytic systems for environmental cleanup. Furthermore, it highlights the potential applications of laccase in various industries, such as textile, paper, food, and pharmaceuticals, and suggests future directions for research and innovation in this field. To summarize, recombinant laccase bioremediation is a promising strategy for decontaminating polluted environments, but further research is needed to optimize its production and performance in practical scenarios.
Abstract: Industrial effluents contain contaminants that pose threats to the environment and human health. Bioremediation is an environmentally friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective approach to degrade or transform pollutants using microbial enzymes. Laccase is a versatile enzyme that oxidizes a wide range of substrates, such as dyes, phenolic compounds,...
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