Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. The International Agency for Research on Cancer global report of 2020 estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths. The global cancer burden is expected to be 28.4 million cases in 2040, a 47% rise from 2020. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) relies on the presence of oxygen, light at a specific wavelength, and photosensitizers. Among these components, photosensitizers are the primary focus of intensive research for optimization. So far, PDT has been used to treat brain, head, neck, pancreas, breast, prostate, skin, colorectal, oral, lung, bronchial, and liver cancers. The combination of PDT with standard cancer treatment options is proving more effective against most resistant cancers. Photodynamic diagnosis is superior to white light cystoscopy in detecting tumors. Based on the recent literature review, it is clear that the effective use of PDT for cancer treatment will require the modulation of other metabolic pathways to combat drug resistance and improve treatment outcomes. These modulations can include cell cycle inhibition, inhibition of DNA repair mechanisms, inhibition of cell adhesion, and many other molecular mechanisms that can enhance the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics activities of PS and reduce tumor resistance to treatment. This review looks at the principles of PDT, its application to cancer diagnosis and treatment, and its limitations. PDT has enormous potential for cancer diagnosis and treatment in developing countries because of its low cost and wide range of applications. Analysis of recent research on PDT shows that PDT has massive potential for cancer treatment and should not always be used as the last resort after all other cancer treatment options have failed.
| Published in | Advances in Biochemistry (Volume 10, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ab.20221003.11 |
| Page(s) | 81-93 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Photosensitizers, Photodynamic Therapy, Reactive Oxygen Radicals, Photodynamic Diagnosis, Cancer
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APA Style
Rodrick Symon Katete, Given Kalonga, Magdah Ganashi, Ned Silavwe, Richard Mwenya. (2022). Photodynamic Therapy for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer. Advances in Biochemistry, 10(3), 81-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20221003.11
ACS Style
Rodrick Symon Katete; Given Kalonga; Magdah Ganashi; Ned Silavwe; Richard Mwenya. Photodynamic Therapy for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer. Adv. Biochem. 2022, 10(3), 81-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20221003.11
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ab.20221003.11,
author = {Rodrick Symon Katete and Given Kalonga and Magdah Ganashi and Ned Silavwe and Richard Mwenya},
title = {Photodynamic Therapy for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer},
journal = {Advances in Biochemistry},
volume = {10},
number = {3},
pages = {81-93},
doi = {10.11648/j.ab.20221003.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20221003.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ab.20221003.11},
abstract = {Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. The International Agency for Research on Cancer global report of 2020 estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths. The global cancer burden is expected to be 28.4 million cases in 2040, a 47% rise from 2020. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) relies on the presence of oxygen, light at a specific wavelength, and photosensitizers. Among these components, photosensitizers are the primary focus of intensive research for optimization. So far, PDT has been used to treat brain, head, neck, pancreas, breast, prostate, skin, colorectal, oral, lung, bronchial, and liver cancers. The combination of PDT with standard cancer treatment options is proving more effective against most resistant cancers. Photodynamic diagnosis is superior to white light cystoscopy in detecting tumors. Based on the recent literature review, it is clear that the effective use of PDT for cancer treatment will require the modulation of other metabolic pathways to combat drug resistance and improve treatment outcomes. These modulations can include cell cycle inhibition, inhibition of DNA repair mechanisms, inhibition of cell adhesion, and many other molecular mechanisms that can enhance the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics activities of PS and reduce tumor resistance to treatment. This review looks at the principles of PDT, its application to cancer diagnosis and treatment, and its limitations. PDT has enormous potential for cancer diagnosis and treatment in developing countries because of its low cost and wide range of applications. Analysis of recent research on PDT shows that PDT has massive potential for cancer treatment and should not always be used as the last resort after all other cancer treatment options have failed.},
year = {2022}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Photodynamic Therapy for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer AU - Rodrick Symon Katete AU - Given Kalonga AU - Magdah Ganashi AU - Ned Silavwe AU - Richard Mwenya Y1 - 2022/08/04 PY - 2022 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20221003.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ab.20221003.11 T2 - Advances in Biochemistry JF - Advances in Biochemistry JO - Advances in Biochemistry SP - 81 EP - 93 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2329-0862 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20221003.11 AB - Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. The International Agency for Research on Cancer global report of 2020 estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths. The global cancer burden is expected to be 28.4 million cases in 2040, a 47% rise from 2020. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) relies on the presence of oxygen, light at a specific wavelength, and photosensitizers. Among these components, photosensitizers are the primary focus of intensive research for optimization. So far, PDT has been used to treat brain, head, neck, pancreas, breast, prostate, skin, colorectal, oral, lung, bronchial, and liver cancers. The combination of PDT with standard cancer treatment options is proving more effective against most resistant cancers. Photodynamic diagnosis is superior to white light cystoscopy in detecting tumors. Based on the recent literature review, it is clear that the effective use of PDT for cancer treatment will require the modulation of other metabolic pathways to combat drug resistance and improve treatment outcomes. These modulations can include cell cycle inhibition, inhibition of DNA repair mechanisms, inhibition of cell adhesion, and many other molecular mechanisms that can enhance the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics activities of PS and reduce tumor resistance to treatment. This review looks at the principles of PDT, its application to cancer diagnosis and treatment, and its limitations. PDT has enormous potential for cancer diagnosis and treatment in developing countries because of its low cost and wide range of applications. Analysis of recent research on PDT shows that PDT has massive potential for cancer treatment and should not always be used as the last resort after all other cancer treatment options have failed. VL - 10 IS - 3 ER -
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