Research Article
Framework for Examining the Correlation Between Trade Liberalization and Employment in Nigeria
Anderson Emmanuel Oriakpono*
,
Abdullahi Habib,
Balarabe Ladan
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 2, June 2024
Pages:
32-47
Received:
17 March 2024
Accepted:
1 April 2024
Published:
17 April 2024
Abstract: This research examines the relationship between trade liberalization and employment in Nigeria using a retrospective research approach. The study considers variables such as the employment rate, trade openness index, foreign direct investment, and currency exchange rate. The analytical framework combines classical linear regression and Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) models to capture both short-term and long-term dynamics. Diagnostic tests, including descriptive statistics, Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, Perron Unit Root Test, ARDL-Bound test, and Error Correction Model (ECM)-ARDL test, are conducted to analyze the collected data. The study utilizes secondary data from the statistical bulletin of the Central Bank of Nigeria (2018) covering the period from 1985 to 2018. The findings of the study are mixed. The error correction estimates indicate a negative relationship between the trade openness index and the employment rate. On the other hand, foreign direct investment shows a negative relationship with employment rate, but this relationship is not statistically significant. The exchange rate demonstrates a positive and significant correlation with the employment rate. It was recommended that, Diversifying Nigeria's economy by promoting domestic industries like agriculture, manufacturing, and services to create job opportunities and reduce import dependence. Implement effective labor market policies including job training, worker protections, and competitive labor market measures to mitigate negative impacts of trade liberalization on employment. Target FDI to sectors with high job creation potential, incentivizing investments, supporting technology transfer, and fostering partnerships for employment growth in Nigeria.
Abstract: This research examines the relationship between trade liberalization and employment in Nigeria using a retrospective research approach. The study considers variables such as the employment rate, trade openness index, foreign direct investment, and currency exchange rate. The analytical framework combines classical linear regression and Auto Regress...
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Research Article
Moderating Role of Economic Development’s on Zakat Success Factors and Compliance: A Saudi Arabian Perspective
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 2, June 2024
Pages:
48-58
Received:
25 February 2024
Accepted:
29 March 2024
Published:
29 April 2024
Abstract: The paper report a result of an investigation in the moderating influence of economic development on the relationship between zakat success factors and compliance to pay zakat, focusing on key factors such as zakat awareness, support for zakat practices, understanding zakat application, and willingness to implement zakat. Data from 250 respondents within the General Authority of Zakat and Tax (GAZT) in Saudi Arabia were collected using a quantitative approach using questionnaires. Analysis was conducted utilizing AMOS 20 and SPSS 20.1 software. The study reveals a positive direct effect of zakat success factors on compliance to pay zakat, with economic development playing a crucial moderating role. This underscores the significance of economic development in influencing the relationship between zakat awareness, support for zakat practices, and zakat compliance. The practical implications extend to zakat institutions, urging them to enhance strategies for transparency and compliance by securing additional resources for development and organizing educational initiatives to cultivate positive attitudes towards zakat. The research contributes uniquely to the literature by incorporating economic development as a mediator in the zakat success factors and compliance relationship, offering valuable insights for researchers, economists, and zakat institutions. The findings emphasize the multifaceted impact of zakat on economic structures, social transformation, poverty reduction, and inequality. Additionally, the study highlights zakat's role in achieving sustainable economic growth and reducing social issues, advocating for its integration as a financial system to address challenges in the Muslim world. Despite limitations in respondent selection and timeframe, the research opens avenues for future studies, suggesting a broader exploration of Zakat's impact on sustainable development, climate change, wealth distribution, and economic transformation.
Abstract: The paper report a result of an investigation in the moderating influence of economic development on the relationship between zakat success factors and compliance to pay zakat, focusing on key factors such as zakat awareness, support for zakat practices, understanding zakat application, and willingness to implement zakat. Data from 250 respondents ...
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