Port Integration in the Yangtze River Delta Area: Practice and Policy Analysis
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
1-13
Received:
27 December 2021
Accepted:
11 January 2022
Published:
18 January 2022
Abstract: Port integration in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) is studied in the paper from the practice and policy analysis in the case when port supply surpasses shipping demand. Firstly, combined with literature analysis method and comparative approach, the port integration practice in YRD is investigated from a holistic view of YRD, especially the provincial port integration in YRD -- larger-scale port integration is discussed, detailed analysis and comparison of each mode of port integration in YRD are made from the aspects of dominant power, territorial scope, realization path, and focus of integration, the result shows that the integration degree of Shanghai port is the highest but hard to be duplicated. Then, the current existing problems in the process of the port integration are collated and examined with qualitative methods, such as fragmented governance and lack of a strong regulatory structure, lack of long-term cooperation mechanism, insufficient implementation strength on port division of labor and positioning, weak soft power of the port cluster, abnormal development of collection and distribution system, low international cargo transshipment ratio restricts the development of Shanghai International Shipping Center (SISC), etc. Aiming to the problems, reasonable and feasible suggestions are proposed from the policy level for the reference of decision-makers, for instance, breaking the administrative barriers by establishing joint port authority, improving the mechanism for port cooperation, strengthening the rigor of planning, accelerating the SISC construction by adjusting cargo structure and enhancing soft power, improving the collection and distribution logistics network, improving FTZs and aligning national strategies to raise the international cargo transshipment ratio, etc.
Abstract: Port integration in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) is studied in the paper from the practice and policy analysis in the case when port supply surpasses shipping demand. Firstly, combined with literature analysis method and comparative approach, the port integration practice in YRD is investigated from a holistic view of YRD, especially the provincia...
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Pulse Bursting Phenomenon in Constant On-time Controlled Boost Converter
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
14-18
Received:
21 December 2021
Accepted:
14 January 2022
Published:
21 January 2022
Abstract: Constant on-time (COT) is a pulse frequency modulation based control method, which is widely used for the controller of switching mode power supplies due to the advantages of simple implementation, low cost and good performances. In fact, like hysteretic control, COT is also a ripple-based control, and its loop stability is very dependent on the output voltage ripple characteristic. COT controlled buck converter is mainly concerned in nowadays. For boost converter, the output voltage ripple characteristic is quite different with that of buck converter. Thus, the stability of COT controlled boost converter is necessary to be investigated. In this paper, with particular theoretical analysis, the unique pulse bursting phenomenon in COT controlled boost converter appears when the time constant of the output capacitor is relatively small, which results in large inductor current and output voltage swing. The quantitative relationship between the time constant and the other circuit parameters such as input voltage, output current and inductance is deduced, which is very different with that of COT controlled buck converter. Simulation and ex-perimental results are provided to verify the theoretical analysis results. The investigation presented in this paper gives an im-portant guideline for the circuit parameter design of COT con-trolled boost converter.
Abstract: Constant on-time (COT) is a pulse frequency modulation based control method, which is widely used for the controller of switching mode power supplies due to the advantages of simple implementation, low cost and good performances. In fact, like hysteretic control, COT is also a ripple-based control, and its loop stability is very dependent on the ou...
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High-Resolution Modelling of Carbon Dioxide Emissions Before and After the Implementation of a Designated Truck Lane
Edward Tang,
Hatem Abou-Senna,
Anurag Pande,
Robert Bertini
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
19-27
Received:
13 December 2021
Accepted:
23 December 2021
Published:
9 February 2022
Abstract: This work seeks to assess the impact of adding a lane for slower trucks on a divided multilane highway on CO2 emissions. A portion of the U.S. 101 highway in San Luis Obispo County in California consists of the Cuesta Grade which is a 2.75-mile segment with a 7% grade. A microsimulation software, VISSIM, was used in conjunction with the Environmental Protection Agency’s emissions model, MOVES, to estimate CO2 emissions on the corridor before and after the construction of the third lane. It was found that CO2 emissions decreased between 1998 (before) and 2012 (after the 2003 lane addition), but the effect of the truck lane was shown to be different for the northbound (uphill) and southbound (downhill) directions. The truck lane in the northbound direction exhibited a 9.5% decrease in volume with 10.7% decrease in emissions, and the southbound direction experienced a 20.3% increase in volume but 7.4% decrease in emissions. For the northbound (uphill) direction, emissions seemed to correlate more closely with traffic volumes while a sensitivity analysis revealed travel speeds had a more profound effect on southbound (downhill) emission rates. In the conclusion section, ideas to further validate the emissions estimate are discussed. Emissions seemed to correlate more closely with traffic volumes (uphill) while travel speeds had a more profound effect on southbound (downhill) emission rates. One factor to be accounted for is the change in volume which seems to play a much larger role in emissions than roadway features or topography.
Abstract: This work seeks to assess the impact of adding a lane for slower trucks on a divided multilane highway on CO2 emissions. A portion of the U.S. 101 highway in San Luis Obispo County in California consists of the Cuesta Grade which is a 2.75-mile segment with a 7% grade. A microsimulation software, VISSIM, was used in conjunction with the Environment...
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