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Research on Safety Evaluation Model of Fire-Fighting Facilities of High-Rise Building in University
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, September 2022
Pages:
175-179
Received:
28 July 2022
Accepted:
13 September 2022
Published:
19 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.11
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Abstract: In the process of fire acceptance of high-rise buildings in Universities, this study finds that there are many hidden dangers in the safety management of fire-fighting facilities in high-rise buildings in Universities. This study investigates the safety management of fire-fighting facilities in high-rise buildings in Universities, and finds that there are some problems in the safety management of fire-fighting facilities in high-rise buildings in Universities, such as the weak management system, the lack of fire safety awareness of managers, and the lack of practice in using fire emergency plans. This study explores the factors that affect the safety management of fire-fighting facilities, and further explains the degree of influence of these factors on the safety management of fire-fighting facilities in high-rise buildings in Universities. In this study, when selecting the evaluation dimensions, not only considered the standardization of fire safety management of high-rise buildings in Universities, but also examined the fire safety management personnel of high-rise buildings in Universities and the fire safety literacy of teachers and students. Such that, four dimensions of fire management system, fire safety education, personnel fire quality and emergency response plan are selected as the fire safety evaluation indicators of high-rise buildings in Universities, and the fire safety evaluation model of high-rise buildings in Universities is constructed. Finally, from the perspective of fire risk control, this study puts forward reasonable suggestions and Countermeasures for the management of fire-fighting facilities of high-rise buildings in Universities.
Abstract: In the process of fire acceptance of high-rise buildings in Universities, this study finds that there are many hidden dangers in the safety management of fire-fighting facilities in high-rise buildings in Universities. This study investigates the safety management of fire-fighting facilities in high-rise buildings in Universities, and finds that th...
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Geospatial Assessment of Ambient Lighting Condition of Classroom Environment in Schools
Adeleke Jacob Sola,
Suru Whenayon Peter,
Odeyemi Felix Gbenga,
Aroge Sunday Kayode,
Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo,
Muili Tunde Kabir
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, September 2022
Pages:
180-190
Received:
25 March 2022
Accepted:
21 April 2022
Published:
28 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12
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Abstract: Ambient lighting in classrooms is an integral component that enhances the optimal performance of all academic activities in schools. This study examined the existing ambient lighting condition of selected classrooms using day lighting and combination of day and artificial lighting; assesses the factors influencing the ambient lighting condition and explores the ways of enhancing the ambient lighting condition of selected classrooms environment in the study area with a view of improving the lighting conditions of the classroom environment in the study area. Data were obtained for the study using a quantitative approach. The study makes use of NTS-350 infrared light total stations to locate points and Extech LT300 light meter for the measurement ambient lighting condition of geospatial marked points in relation to seating arrangement for two purposively selected classrooms at intervals of 8-10 am, 10-12 pm, 12-2 pm, 2-4 pm, 4-6 pm, respectively for 3-days during the dry season period (October-December) under different external conditions. The subjective approach involved administering of seventy-one (71) questionnaires to randomly selected students and lecturers who have direct daily contact with the classroom environment. Data collected were analysed using frequency distribution, simple percentage, standard mean average and RII. The result of the 3-days average ambient conditions of the marked points at periodic intervals shows that the average ambient lighting values of the classroom were grossly insufficient, with Quantity Surveying hall having average illuminance values of (21, 32; 54, 75; 59, 86; 52, 85 and 33, 64 lux) and Akagun Hall (74, 106; 172, 222; 641, 686; 263, 295 and 140, 177 lux) respectively. Findings also show that the study ranked high non-adherence strictly to micro factors, poorly designed classrooms, bad artificial lighting conditions and controls. The study suggested that passive design principles to be strictly adhered to, building plans to accommodate micro factors, routine maintenance of installed lamps, Painting/coating of ceilings and wall finishes using reflective material, and increased number of lighting facilities in the classroom environment.
Abstract: Ambient lighting in classrooms is an integral component that enhances the optimal performance of all academic activities in schools. This study examined the existing ambient lighting condition of selected classrooms using day lighting and combination of day and artificial lighting; assesses the factors influencing the ambient lighting condition and...
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Study of Clay Soils, Case of Nomayos-Cameroon: Thermophysical and Chemicomechanical Characterization of Clay Bricks Loaded with 30% Palm Kernel Shell Powder
Hamka Hamka Adolphe Claudel,
Djomi Rolland,
Mveh Chantal Marguerite,
Tchotang Theodore,
Touani Chualeu Parfait,
Ngohe Ekam Paul Salomon
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, September 2022
Pages:
191-200
Received:
1 September 2022
Accepted:
15 September 2022
Published:
11 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.13
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Abstract: The work presented in this article consists in demonstrating that the mixture of clay from clay soils and palm nut shell powder is possible for the production of raw clay bricks. For that, we have made characterizations of the mixture of the powder of shells of palm kernel and the clay resulting from the argillaceous grounds of Nomayos which was the subject of a publication. Then, we made the bricks with 0% of load and with 30% of load that we had characterized physically, chemically, thermally and mechanically. The results of the physical characterization allowed us to conclude that the density of the material decreases when it is loaded with 30% of palm kernel shell powder but increases and improves the resistance to bending and compression for the same percentage of load. For the results of the thermal characterization, the ATG, the DSC and the DTG showed: for the clay brick, the presence of free water, Kaolinite, illite and Quartz in important proportion affirming that this clay is of the kaolinite type. For the shells, the presence of free water, cellulose, and lignin; for the mixture with 30% of palm kernel shell powder, the presence of both free water, Kaolinite, illite, Quartz, cellulose, and lignin showing the presence of both clay and shells in the mixture. For the results of the chemical characterization, FTIR showed: for clay, the presence of adsorption bands at 2931 cm-1 and 2865 cm-1, absorption peaks at 1554 cm-1, 1494 cm-1 and 693 cm-1 and a peak near 1307 cm-1. For the shells, the presence of intensity bands at 2924.39 cm-1, average intensity of the fine band between 1509.08 cm-1 and 1606.26 cm-1, intensity peaks between 1372.10 cm-1 and 1317.91 then 1239.65-1030.05 cm-1. For the clay-shell mixture, the presence of adsorption bands at 2931 cm-1 and 2865 cm-1 corresponding to asymmetric and symmetric elongation vibrations of the -CH2 groups showing the presence of the clay silane. The peaks of intensity between 1239.65 and 1030.05 cm-1 can be attributed to the -C-O groups of alcohols, Esther, ether, amorphous silica or -C-O bonds of celluloses and lignins showing the presence of the shells in the mixture.
Abstract: The work presented in this article consists in demonstrating that the mixture of clay from clay soils and palm nut shell powder is possible for the production of raw clay bricks. For that, we have made characterizations of the mixture of the powder of shells of palm kernel and the clay resulting from the argillaceous grounds of Nomayos which was t...
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Finite Element Analysis of Shallow Foundation Settelment in Cohesionless Soils
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, September 2022
Pages:
201-212
Received:
30 July 2022
Accepted:
4 October 2022
Published:
24 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.14
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Abstract: Extreme settlement can lead to serviceability complications during shallow foundations design. Since Settlement controls the principle design criterion when it is related to the bearing capacity of soils, the estimation of shallow foundation settlement above loose sandy soils is a highly complex problem. For important structures such as bridges, power plants and earth dams, etc. settlement has to be reduced to ensure the stability of engineering structure, with another word any additional settlement could lead to successive structural damage when it exceeds the allowable. In this a model of (10×10×10) m with loose sand was used to investigate the effect of shallow various parameters by using PLAXIS 3D program which was used to solve many geotechnical problems. The program has been used to investigate effect (applied load intensity 100, 150, 200 KN, shape (circular square), width of foundations (0.75, 1, 1.5) m, internal friction angle of underlying soil (24, 33, 37) degree and effect water tables existence beneath the foundation). It was concluded that the shape, friction angle, modules of elasticity with was estimated based on a relationship which showed a good match with other available relationships predicted by powells and Water table existence which it doubles the settlement as it exist. Based on test results critical values were discussed and recommended.
Abstract: Extreme settlement can lead to serviceability complications during shallow foundations design. Since Settlement controls the principle design criterion when it is related to the bearing capacity of soils, the estimation of shallow foundation settlement above loose sandy soils is a highly complex problem. For important structures such as bridges, po...
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